Differences between current version and predecessor to the previous major change of ls(1).
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Newer page: | version 3 | Last edited on Monday, October 15, 2007 3:56:59 pm | by IanMcDonald | |
Older page: | version 2 | Last edited on Monday, June 3, 2002 6:50:27 pm | by perry | Revert |
@@ -1,395 +1,234 @@
-LS
-!!!LS
+<verbatim>
NAME
+ ls - list directory contents
+
SYNOPSIS
+ ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
+
DESCRIPTION
-AUTHOR
-REPORTING BUGS
-COPYRIGHT
-SEE ALSO
-----
-!!NAME
+ List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
+ Sort entries alphabetically if none of
-cftuvSUX nor
--sort.
+ Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options
+ too.
-ls
- list directory contents
-!!SYNOPSIS
+
-a, --all
+ do not ignore entries starting with .
+ -A, --almost-all
+ do not list implied . and ..
-__ls__ [[''OPTION'']... [[''FILE'']...
-!!DESCRIPTION
+ --author
+ with -l, print the author of each file
+ -b, --escape
+ print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
-List information about the FILEs (the current directory by
-default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of
-__
-cftuSUX__ nor __
--sort__.
+
--block-size=SIZE
+ use SIZE
-byte blocks
+ -B, --ignore-backups
+ do not list implied entries ending with ~
-__
-a__, __
--all__
+
-c with
-lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of
+ file status information) with
-l: show ctime and sort by name
+ otherwise: sort by ctime
+ -C list entries by columns
-do not hide entries starting with
.
+ --color[=WHEN]
+ control whether color is used to distinguish file types
. WHEN
+ may be ‘never’, ‘always’, or ‘auto’
+ -d, --directory
+ list directory entries instead of contents, and do not derefer‐
+ ence symbolic links
-__
-A__
, __
--almost-all__
+
-D
, --dired
+ generate output designed for Emacs’ dired mode
+ -f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst
-do not list implied . and ..
+ -F, --classify
+ append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries
+ --file-type
+ likewise, except do not append ‘*’
-__
-b__
, __
--escape__
+
--format=WORD
+ across -x
, commas
-m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1,
+ verbose -l, vertical
-C
+ --full-time
+ like -l --time-style=full-iso
-print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
+ -g like -l, but do not list owner
+ -G, --no-group
+ like -l, but do not list group
-__
--block
-size__=''SIZE''
+
-h,
--human-readable
+ with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
+ --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-use SIZE
-byte blocks
+
-H, --dereference-command-line
+ follow symbolic links listed on the command line
+ --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
+ follow each command line symbolic link that points to a direc‐
+ tory
-__
-B__, __
--ignore
-backups__
+
--hide=PATTERN
+ do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden
+ by
-a or
-A)
+ --indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
+ none (default), slash (-p), file-type (--file-type), classify
+ (-F)
-do not list implied entries ending
with ~
+ -i, --inode
+
with -l, print the index number of each file
+ -I, --ignore=PATTERN
+ do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
-__
-c__
+
-k like --block-size=1K
+ -l use a long listing format
-with __
-lt__: sort by
, and show, ctime (time of last
-modification of
file status
information) with __-l__:
-
show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by
-ctime
+
-L
, --dereference
+ when showing
file information for a symbolic link,
show informa‐
+ tion for the file the link references rather than for the link
+ itself
+ -m fill width with a comma separated list of entries
-__
-C__
+
-n, --numeric-uid-gid
+ like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
+ -N, --literal
+ print raw entry names (don’t treat e.g. control characters spe‐
+ cially)
-list entries by columns
+ -o like -l, but do not
list group information
+ -p, --indicator-style=slash
+ append / indicator to directories
-__
--color__[[=''WHEN'']
+
-q,
--hide-control-chars
+ print ? instead of non graphic characters
+ --show-control-chars
+ show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is
+ ‘ls’ and output is a terminal)
-control whether color is used to distinguish file types.
-WHEN may be `never', `always', or `auto'
+ -Q, --quote-name
+ enclose entry names in double quotes
+ --quoting-style=WORD
+ use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell,
+ shell-always, c, escape
-__
-d__
, __
--directory__
+
-r
, --reverse
+ reverse order while sorting
+ -R, --recursive
+ list subdirectories recursively
-list directory entries instead
of contents
+ -s, --size
+ with -l, print size
of each file, in blocks
+ -S sort by file size
-__
-D__
, __
--dired__
+
--sort=WORD
+ extension -X
, none
-U, size -S, time -t, version -v, status -c,
+ time -t, atime -u, access -u, use
-u
+ --time=WORD
+ with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime,
+ access, use, ctime or status; use specified time as sort key if
+ --sort=time
-generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
+ --time-style=STYLE
+ with -l, show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso,
+ locale, +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like ‘date’; if FORMAT
+ is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files
+ and FORMAT2 to recent files; if STYLE is prefixed with ‘posix-’,
+ STYLE takes effect only outside the POSIX locale
+ -t sort by modification time
-__
-f__
+
-T, --tabsize=COLS
+ assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
+ -u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access
+ time and sort by name otherwise: sort by access time
-do not sort, enable __-aU__, disable
-__-lst__
+ -U
do not sort; list entries in directory order
+ -v sort by version
-__
-F__
, __
--classify__
+
-w
, --width=COLS
+ assume screen width instead of current value
+ -x list entries by lines instead of by columns
-append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
+ -X sort alphabetically by entry extension
+ -1 list one file per line
-__--format__=''WORD''
+ SELinux options:
+ --lcontext
+ Display security context. Enable -l. Lines will probably be
+ too wide for most displays.
-across __
-x__
, commas __
-m__, horizontal __
-x__,
-long __-l__
, single-column __-1__
, verbose __-l__
,
-vertical __-C__
+
-Z
, --context
+ Display security context so it fits on most displays. Displays
+ only mode
, user
, group
, security context and file name.
+ --scontext
+ Display only security context and file name.
-__
--full-time__
+
--help display this help and exit
+ --version
+ output version information and exit
-list both full date
and full time
+ SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of fol‐
+ lowing: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024,
and so on for G, T,
+ P, E, Z, Y.
+ By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files. That is
+ equivalent to using --color=none. Using the --color option without the
+ optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always. With
+ --color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is con‐
+ nected to a terminal (tty). The environment variable LS_COLORS can
+ influence the colors, and can be set easily by the dircolors command.
-__-g__
+ Exit status is 0 if OK, 1 if minor problems, 2 if serious trouble.
+AUTHOR
+ Written by Richard Stallman and David MacKenzie.
-(ignored)
+REPORTING BUGS
+ Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.
+COPYRIGHT
+ Copyright © 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ This is free software. You may redistribute copies of it under the
+ terms of the GNU General Public License
+ <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. There is NO WARRANTY, to the
+ extent permitted by law.
-__-G__, __--no-group__
-
-
-inhibit display of group information
-
-
-__-h__, __--human-readable__
-
-
-print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M
-2G)
-
-
-__--si__
-
-
-likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-
-
-__-H__
-
-
-same as `--si' for now; soon to change to conform to
-POSIX
-
-
-__--indicator-style__=''WORD'' append indicator with
-style WORD to entry names:
-
-
-none (default), classify (-F), file-type (-p)
-
-
-__-i__, __--inode__
-
-
-print index number of each file
-
-
-__-I__, __--ignore__=''PATTERN''
-
-
-do not list implied entries matching shell
-PATTERN
-
-
-__-k__, __--kilobytes__
-
-
-like __--block-size__=''1024''
-
-
-__-l__
-
-
-use a long listing format
-
-
-__-L__, __--dereference__
-
-
-show file information for referents of symlinks
-
-
-__-m__
-
-
-fill width with a comma separated list of
-entries
-
-
-__-n__, __--numeric-uid-gid__
-
-
-list numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names
-
-
-__-N__, __--literal__
-
-
-print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters
-specially)
-
-
-__-o__
-
-
-use long listing format without group info
-
-
-__-p__, __--file-type__
-
-
-append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries
-
-
-__-q__, __--hide-control-chars__
-
-
-print ? instead of non graphic characters
-
-
-__--show-control-chars__
-
-
-show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is
-`ls' and output is a terminal)
-
-
-__-Q__, __--quote-name__
-
-
-enclose entry names in double quotes
-
-
-__--quoting-style__=''WORD''
-
-
-use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale,
-shell, shell-always, c, escape
-
-
-__-r__, __--reverse__
-
-
-reverse order while sorting
-
-
-__-R__, __--recursive__
-
-
-list subdirectories recursively
-
-
-__-s__, __--size__
-
-
-print size of each file, in blocks
-
-
-__-S__
-
-
-sort by file size
-
-
-__--sort__=''WORD''
-
-
-extension __-X__, none __-U__, size __-S__, time
-__-t__, version __-v__
-
-
-status __-c__, time __-t__, atime __-u__, access
-__-u__, use __-u__
-
-
-__--time__=''WORD''
-
-
-show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime,
-access, use, ctime or status; use specified time as sort key
-if __--sort__=''time''
-
-
-__-t__
-
-
-sort by modification time
-
-
-__-T__, __--tabsize__=''COLS''
-
-
-assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-
-
-__-u__
-
-
-with __-lt__: sort by, and show, access time with
-__-l__: show access time and sort by name otherwise: sort
-by access time
-
-
-__-U__
-
-
-do not sort; list entries in directory order
-
-
-__-v__
-
-
-sort by version
-
-
-__-w__, __--width__=''COLS''
-
-
-assume screen width instead of current value
-
-
-__-x__
-
-
-list entries by lines instead of by columns
-
-
-__-X__
-
-
-sort alphabetically by entry extension
-
-
-__-1__
-
-
-list one file per line
-
-
-__--help__
-
-
-display this help and exit
-
-
-__--version__
-
-
-output version information and exit
-
-
-By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files.
-That is equivalent to using __--color__=''none''.
-Using the __--color__ option without the optional WHEN
-argument is equivalent to using
-__--color__=''always''. With
-__--color__=''auto'', color codes are output only if
-standard output is connected to a terminal
-(tty).
-!!AUTHOR
-
-
-Written by Richard Stallman and David
-!MacKenzie.
-!!REPORTING BUGS
-
-
-Report bugs to
-!!COPYRIGHT
-
-
-Copyright 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-This is free software; see the source for copying
-conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
-PURPOSE.
-!!
SEE ALSO
-
-
-
The full documentation for __
ls__
is maintained as a
-
Texinfo manual. If the __
info__
and __
ls__
programs
-
are properly installed at your site, the
-command
-
+SEE ALSO
+
The
full
documentation
for ls is maintained as a Texinfo manual.
If
+
the info and ls programs are properly installed at your site, the com‐
+ mand
-__
info ls__
+
info ls
+ should give you access to the complete manual.
-should give you access to the complete manual.
-----
+</verbatim>