CopyLeft was invented by RichardStallman and describes the ethod of FreeSoftware that is defined most often in the GNU GeneralPublicLicense.

The best way to define it is to quote from GNU's page at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/copyleft.html:

CopyLeft is a general method for making a program FreeSoftware and requiring all modified and extended versions of the program to be Free software as well.

The simplest way to make a program Free is to put it in the PublicDomain, uncopyrighted. This allows people to share the program and their improvements, if they are so minded. But it also allows uncooperative people to convert the program into Proprietary software. They can make changes, many or few, and distribute the result as a Proprietary product. People who receive the program in that modified form do not have the freedom that the original author gave them; the middleman has stripped it away.

In the GNU project, our aim is to give all users the freedom to redistribute and change GNU software. If middlemen could strip off the freedom, we might have many users, but those users would not have freedom. So instead of putting GNU software in the PublicDomain, we "CopyLeft" it. CopyLeft says that anyone who redistributes the software, with or without changes, must pass along the freedom to further copy and change it. CopyLeft guarantees that every user has freedom.

CopyLeft also provides an incentive for other programmers to add to Free software. Important Free programs such as the GNU C++ compiler exist only because of this.

CopyLeft also helps programmers who want to contribute improvements to Free software get permission to do that. These programmers often work for companies or universities that would do almost anything to get more money. A programmer may want to contribute her changes to the community, but her employer may want to turn the changes into a Proprietary software product.

When we explain to the employer that it is illegal to distribute the improved version except as Free software, the employer usually decides to release it as Free software rather than throw it away.

To CopyLeft a program, we first state that it is CopyRighted; then we add distribution terms, which are a legal instrument that gives everyone the rights to use, modify, and redistribute the program's code or any program derived from it but only if the distribution terms are unchanged. Thus, the code and the freedoms become legally inseparable.

Proprietary software developers use CopyRight to take away the users' freedom; we use CopyRight to guarantee their freedom. That's why we reverse the name, changing "CopyRight" into "CopyLeft."

CopyLeft is a general concept; there are many ways to fill in the details. In the GNU Project, the specific distribution terms that we use are contained in the GNU GeneralPublicLicense. The GNU GeneralPublicLicense is often called the GNU GPL for short.

CopyLeft is also a company in NewZealand run by Phillip Charles. He'll provide software such as RedHat, Debian, etc on CD for you if you are unable to download or acquire it via other means.