A program which is already compiled into binary form. Some OperatingSystems only distribute Binary executables of their applications and OperatingSystem. Linux and the BSD family distribute their SourceCode as well as their binary executables are are held in great esteem for this.
Confusion arises when your program compiles to a VirtualMachine or other intermediate code, such as java's class files. Then your program isn't compiled to a "binary executable" (because it's not directly executable), but it is compiled, and the file it is compiled into is definately binary, and you can execute it with help of the VirtualMachine.
