montage
NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES OPTIONS X RESOURCES ENVIRONMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AUTHORS
montage - create a composite image by combining several separate images
montage [__ ''options'' __... file [[__ ''options'' __... file ...] output_file
montage creates a composite image by combining several separate images. The images are tiled on the composite image with the name of the image optionally appearing just below the individual tile.
The composite image is constructed in the following manner. First, each image specified on the command line, except for the last, is scaled to fit the maximum tile size. The maximum tile size by default is 120x120. It can be modified with the -geometry command line argument or X resource. See Options for more information on command line arguments. See __X(1)__ for more information on X resources. Note that the maximum tile size need not be a square.
Next the composite image is initialized with the color specified by the -background command line argument or X resource. The width and height of the composite image is determined by the title specified, the maximum tile size, the number of tiles per row, the tile border width and height, the image border width, and the label height. The number of tiles per row specifies how many images are to appear in each row of the composite image. The default is to have 5 tiles in each row and 4 tiles in each column of the composite. A specific value is specified with -tile. The tile border width and height, and the image border width defaults to the value of the X resource -borderwidth. It can be changed with the -borderwidth or -geometry command line argument or X resource. The label height is determined by the font you specify with the -font command line argument or X resource. If you do not specify a font, a font is chosen that allows the name of the image to fit the maximum width of a tiled area. The label colors is determined by the -background and -fill command line argument or X resource. Note, that if the background and pen colors are the same, labels will not appear.
Initially, the composite image title is placed at the top if one is specified (refer to -fill). Next, each image is set onto the composite image, surrounded by its border color, with its name centered just below it. The individual images are left-justified within the width of the tiled area. The order of the images is the same as they appear on the command line unless the images have a scene keyword. If a scene number is specified in each image, then the images are tiled onto the composite in the order of their scene number. Finally, the last argument on the command line is the name assigned to the composite image. By default, the image is written in the MIFF format and can be viewed or printed with display(1).
Note, that if the number of tiles exceeds the default number of 20 (5 per row, 4 per column), more than one composite image is created. To ensure a single image is produced, use -tile to increase the number of tiles to meet or exceed the number of input images.
Finally, to create one or more empty spaces in the sequence of tiles, use the image format.
Note, a composite MIFF image displayed to an X server with display behaves differently than other images. You can think of the composite as a visual image directory. Choose a particular tile of the composite and press a button to display it. See __display(1) and miff(5)__
To create a montage of a cockatoo, a parrot, and a hummingbird and write it to a file called birds, use:
montage cockatoo.miff parrot.miff hummingbird.miff birds.miff
To tile several bird images so that they are at most 256 pixels in width and 192 pixels in height, surrounded by a red border, and separated by 10 pixels of background color, use:
montage -geometry 256x192+10+10 -bordercolor red birds.* montage.miff
To create an unlabeled parrot image, 640 by 480 pixels, and surrounded by a border of black, use:
montage -geometry 640x480 -bordercolor black -label
To create an image of an eagle with a textured background, use:
montage -texture bumps.jpg eagle.jpg eagle.png
To join several GIF images together without any extraneous graphics (e.g. no label, no shadowing, no surrounding tile frame), use:
montage +frame +shadow +label -tile 5x1 -geometry 50x50+0+0
Any option you specify on the command line remains in effect for the group of images following it, until the group is terminated by the appearance of any option or -noop. For example, to make a montage of three images, the first with 32 colors, the second with an unlimited number of colors, and the third with only 16 colors, use:
montage -colors 32 cockatoo.1 -noop cockatoo.2 -colors 16 cockatoo.3 cockatoos.miff
For a more detailed description of each option, see !ImageMagick(1).
-adjoin
join images into a single multi-image file
-background
the background color
-blur
blur the image with a gaussian operator
-bordercolor
the border color
-borderwidth
the border width
-cache
megabytes of memory available to the pixel cache
-chop
remove pixels from the interior of an image
-colors
preferred number of colors in the image
-colorspace
the type of colorspace
-comment
annotate an image with a comment
-compose
the type of image composition
-compress
the type of image compression
-crop
preferred size and location of the cropped image
-debug
enable debug printout
-density
vertical and horizontal resolution in pixels of the image
-depth
depth of the image
-display
specifies the X server to contact
-dispose
GIF disposal method
-dither
apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image
-draw
annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives
-endian
specify endianness (MSB or LSB) of output image
-fill
color to use when filling a graphic primitive
-filter
use this type of filter when resizing an image
-font
use this font when annotating the image with text
-frame
surround the image with an ornamental border
-gamma
level of gamma correction
-geometry
preferred size and location of the Image window.
-gravity
direction primitive gravitates to when annotating the image.
-help
print usage instructions
-interlace
the type of interlacing scheme
-label
assign a label to an image
-matte
store matte channel if the image has one
-mattecolor
specify the matte color
-mode
mode of operation
-monochrome
transform the image to black and white
-noop
NOOP (no option)
-page
size and location of an image canvas
-pen
specify the pen color for drawing operations
-pointsize
pointsize of the Postscript, OPTION1, or !TrueType font
-quality
JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level
-resize
resize and locate an image
-rotate
apply Paeth image rotation to the image
-sampling_factor
sampling factors used by JPEG encoder.
-scenes
range of image scene numbers to read
-shadow
shadow the montage
-sharpen
sharpen the image
-size
width and height of the image
-stroke
color to use when stroking a graphic primitive
-strokewidth
set the stroke width
-texture
name of texture to tile onto the image background
-tile
layout of images [''montage''
-title
assign title to displayed image [unrenderable node]
-transparent
make this color transparent within the image
-treedepth
tree depth for the color reduction algorithm
-trim
trim an image
-type
the image type
-verbose
print detailed information about the image
For a more detailed description of each option, see !ImageMagick(1).
Montage options can appear on the command line or in your X resource file. Options on the command line supersede values specified in your X resource file. See __X(1)__ for more information on X resources.
All montage options have a corresponding X resource. In addition, montage uses the following X resources:
background (class Background)
background color
Specifies the preferred color to use for the composite image background. The default is #ccc.
borderColor (class !BorderColor)
border color
Specifies the preferred color to use for the composite image border. The default is #ccc.
borderWidth (class !BorderWidth)
border width
Specifies the width in pixels of the composite image border. The default is 2.
font (class Font)
font to use
Specifies the name of the preferred font to use when displaying text within the composite image. The default is 9x15, fixed, or 5x8 determined by the composite image size.
matteColor (class !MatteColor)
color of the frame
Specify the color of an image frame. A 3D effect is achieved by using highlight and shadow colors derived from this color. The default value is #697B8F.
pen (class Pen)
text color
Specifies the preferred color to use for text within the composite image. The default is black.
title (class Title)
composite image title
This resource specifies the title to be placed at the top of the composite image. The default is not to place a title at the top of the composite image.
DISPLAY
To get the default host, display number, and screen.
The MIT X Consortium for making network transparent graphics a reality.
Michael Halle, Spatial Imaging Group at MIT, for the initial implementation of Alan Paeth's image rotation algorithm.
David Pensak, !ImageMagick Studio, for providing a computing environment that made this program possible.
display(1), animate(1), import(1), mogrify(1), convert(1), composite(1), !ImageMagick(1)
Copyright (C) 2002 !ImageMagick Studio
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (
__The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of
The software is provided
__Except as contained in this notice, the name of the
otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in
John Cristy, !ImageMagick Studio LLC, Glenn Randers-Pehrson, !ImageMagick Studio LLC.
10 pages link to montage(1):