NAME
dd - convert and copy a file
SYNOPSIS
dd [''OPTION''?...
DESCRIPTION
Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the options.
- bs=BYTES
- force ibs=BYTES and obs=BYTES
- cbs=BYTES
- convert BYTES bytes at a time
- conv=KEYWORDS
- convert the file as per the comma separated keyword list
- count=BLOCKS
- copy only BLOCKS input blocks
- ibs=BYTES
- read BYTES bytes at a time
- if=FILE
- read from FILE instead of stdin
- obs=BYTES
- write BYTES bytes at a time
- of=FILE
- write to FILE instead of stdout
- seek=BLOCKS
- skip BLOCKS obs-sized blocks at start of output
- skip=BLOCKS
- skip BLOCKS ibs-sized blocks at start of input
- - help
- display this help and exit
- - version
- output version information and exit
BLOCKS and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: xM M, c 1, w 2, b 512, kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1,000,000, M 1,048,576, GB 1,000,000,000, G 1,073,741,824, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y. Each KEYWORD may be:
- ascii
- from EBCDIC to ASCII
- ebcdic
- from ASCII to EBCDIC
- ibm
- from ASCII to alternated EBCDIC
- block
- pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
- unblock
- replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
- lcase
- change upper case to lower case
- notrunc
- do not truncate the output file
- ucase
- change lower case to upper case
- swab
- swap every pair of input bytes
- noerror
- continue after read errors
- sync
- pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used
- with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs
AUTHOR
Written by Paul Rubin, David !MacKenzie?, and Stuart Kemp.
REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
SEE ALSO
The full documentation for dd is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and dd programs are properly installed at your site, the command
- info dd
should give you access to the complete manual.
CategoryDiskNotes