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convert !!!convert NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES OPTIONS SEGMENTATION ENVIRONMENT SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AUTHORS ---- !!NAME convert - convert an image or sequence of images !!SYNOPSIS __convert [[__ ''options'' __... ]__ ''input_file output_file'' !!DESCRIPTION __Convert__ converts an input file using one image format to an output file with a differing image format. In addition, various types of image processing can be performed on the converted image during the conversion process. __Convert__ recognizes the image formats listed in ''!ImageMagick(1)''. !!EXAMPLES To convert a ''MIFF'' image of a cockatoo to a SUN raster image, use: convert cockatoo.miff sun:cockatoo.ras To convert a multi-page ''!PostScript'' document to individual FAX pages, use: convert -monochrome document.ps fax:page To convert a TIFF image to a ''!PostScript'' A4 page with the image in the lower left-hand corner, use: convert -page A4+0+0 image.tiff document.ps To convert a raw Gray image with a 128 byte header to a portable graymap, use: convert -depth 8 -size 768x512+128 gray:raw image.pgm To convert a Photo CD image to a TIFF image, use: convert -size 1536x1024 img0009.pcd image.tiff convert img0009.pcd[[4] image.tiff To create a visual image directory of all your JPEG images, use: convert 'vid:*.jpg' directory.miff To annotate an image with blue text using font 12x24 at position (100,100), use: convert -font helvetica -fill blue -draw To tile a 640x480 image with a JPEG texture with bumps use: convert -size 640x480 tile:bumps.jpg tiled.png To surround an icon with an ornamental border to use with Mosaic(1), use: convert -mattecolor To create a MNG animation from a DNA molecule sequence, use: convert -delay 20 dna.* dna.mng !!OPTIONS Options are processed in command line order. Any option you specify on the command line remains in effect for the set of images that follows, until the set is terminated by the appearance of any option or __-noop__. Some options only affect the decoding of images and others only the encoding. The latter can appear after the final group of input images. For a more detailed description of each option, see ''!ImageMagick(1)''. __-adjoin__ join images into a single multi-image file __-affine__ '''' drawing transform matrix __-antialias__ remove pixel aliasing __-append__ append a set of images __-average__ average a set of images __-background__ '''' the background color __-blur__ '''' blur the image with a gaussian operator __-border__ '''' surround the image with a border of color __-bordercolor__ '''' the border color __-box__ '''' set the color of the annotation bounding box __-cache__ '''' megabytes of memory available to the pixel cache __-channel__ '''' the type of channel __-charcoal__ '''' simulate a charcoal drawing __-chop__ '''' remove pixels from the interior of an image __-clip__ apply the clipping path, if one is present __-coalesce__ merge a sequence of images __-colorize__ '''' colorize the image with the pen color __-colors__ '''' preferred number of colors in the image __-colorspace__ '''' the type of colorspace __-comment__ '''' annotate an image with a comment __-compose__ '''' the type of image composition __-compress__ '''' the type of image compression __-contrast__ enhance or reduce the image contrast __-crop__ '''' preferred size and location of the cropped image __-cycle__ '''' displace image colormap by amount __-debug__ enable debug printout __-deconstruct__ break down an image sequence into constituent parts __-delay__ '' '' display the next image after pausing __-density__ '''' vertical and horizontal resolution in pixels of the image __-depth__ '''' depth of the image __-despeckle__ reduce the speckles within an image __-display__ '''' specifies the X server to contact __-dispose__ '''' GIF disposal method __-dither__ apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image __-draw__ '''' annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives __-edge__ '''' detect edges within an image __-emboss__ emboss an image __-endian__ '''' specify endianness (MSB or LSB) of output image __-enhance__ apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image __-equalize__ perform histogram equalization to the image __-fill__ '''' color to use when filling a graphic primitive __-filter__ '''' use this type of filter when resizing an image __-flatten__ flatten a sequence of images __-flip__ create a __-flop__ create a __-font__ '''' use this font when annotating the image with text __-frame__ '' '' surround the image with an ornamental border __-fuzz__ '''' colors within this distance are considered equal __-gamma__ '''' level of gamma correction __-gaussian__ '''' blur the image with a gaussian operator __-geometry__ '' '' preferred size and location of the Image window. __-gravity__ '''' direction primitive gravitates to when annotating the image. __-help__ print usage instructions __-implode__ '''' implode image pixels about the center __-intent__ '''' use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color __-interlace__ '''' the type of interlacing scheme __-label__ '''' assign a label to an image __-level__ '''' adjust the level of image contrast __-list__ '''' the type of list __-loop__ '''' add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation __-map__ '''' choose a particular set of colors from this image __-mask__ '''' Specify a clipping mask __-matte__ store matte channel if the image has one __-median__ '''' apply a median filter to the image __-modulate__ '''' vary the brightness, saturation, and hue of an image __-monochrome__ transform the image to black and white __-morph__ '''' morphs an image sequence __-mosaic__ create a mosaic from an image sequence __-negate__ replace every pixel with its complementary color __-noise__ '''' add or reduce noise in an image __-noop__ NOOP (no option) __-normalize__ transform image to span the full range of color values __-opaque__ '''' change this color to the pen color within the image __-page__ '''' size and location of an image canvas __-paint__ '''' simulate an oil painting __-pen__ '''' specify the pen color for drawing operations __-ping__ efficiently determine image characteristics __-pointsize__ '''' pointsize of the Postscript, OPTION1, or !TrueType font __-preview__ '''' image preview type __-process__ '''' process a sequence of images __-profile__ '''' add ICM, IPTC, or generic profile to image __-quality__ '''' JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level __-raise__ '''' lighten or darken image edges __-region__ '''' apply options to a portion of the image __-resize__ '''' resize and locate an image __-roll__ ''{+-}'' roll an image vertically or horizontally __-rotate__ '''' apply Paeth image rotation to the image __-sample__ '''' scale image with pixel sampling __-sampling_factor__ '''' sampling factors used by JPEG encoder. __-scale__ '''' scale the image. __-scene__ '''' set scene number __-seed__ '''' pseudo-random number generator seed value __-segment__ '' '' segment an image __-shade__ '''' shade the image using a distant light source __-sharpen__ '''' sharpen the image __-shave__ '''' shave pixels from the image edges __-shear__ '' '' shear the image along the X or Y axis __-size__ '''' width and height of the image __-solarize__ '''' negate all pixels above the threshold level __-spread__ '''' displace image pixels by a random amount __-stroke__ '''' color to use when stroking a graphic primitive __-strokewidth__ '''' set the stroke width __-swirl__ '''' swirl image pixels about the center __-texture__ '''' name of texture to tile onto the image background __-threshold__ '''' threshold the image __-tile__ '''' tile image when filling a graphic primitive __-transparent__ '''' make this color transparent within the image __-treedepth__ '''' tree depth for the color reduction algorithm __-trim__ trim an image __-type__ '''' the image type __-units__ '''' the type of image resolution __-unsharp__ '''' sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator __-use_pixmap__ use the pixmap __-verbose__ print detailed information about the image __-view__ '''' !FlashPix viewing parameters __-wave__ '''' alter an image along a sine wave __-write__ '''' write an image sequence [[''convert, composite''] For a more detailed description of each option, see ''!ImageMagick(1)''. !!SEGMENTATION Use __-segment__ to segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. The scale-space filter analyzes the histograms of the three color components of the image and identifies a set of classes. The extents of each class is used to coarsely segment the image with thresholding. The color associated with each class is determined by the mean color of all pixels within the extents of a particular class. Finally, any unclassified pixels are assigned to the closest class with the fuzzy c-means technique. The fuzzy c-Means algorithm can be summarized as follows: Build a histogram, one for each color component of the image. For each histogram, successively apply the scale-space filter and build an interval tree of zero crossings in the second derivative at each scale. Analyze this scale-space The fingerprint defines intervals on the axis of the histogram. Each interval contains either a minima or a maxima in the original signal. If each color component lies within the maxima interval, that pixel is considered Any pixel that fails to be classified in the above thresholding pass is classified using the fuzzy c-Means technique. It is assigned to one of the classes discovered in the histogram analysis phase. The fuzzy c-Means technique attempts to cluster a pixel by finding the local minima of the generalized within group sum of squared error objective function. A pixel is assigned to the closest class of which the fuzzy membership has a maximum value. For additional information see: Young Won Lim, Sang Uk Lee'', ``__On The Color Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on the Thresholding and the Fuzzy c-Means Techniques__'', Pattern Recognition, Volume 23, Number 9, pages 935-952, 1990.__ !!ENVIRONMENT __DISPLAY__ To get the default host, display number, and screen. !!SEE ALSO display(1), animate(1), identify(1), !ImageMagick(1), montage(1), mogrify(1), composite(1) !!COPYRIGHT __Copyright (C) 2002 !ImageMagick Studio__ __Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files ( __ __The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of !ImageMagick.__ __The software is provided __ __Except as contained in this notice, the name of the !ImageMagick Studio LLC shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in !ImageMagick without prior written authorization from the !ImageMagick Studio.__ !!AUTHORS ''John Cristy, !ImageMagick Studio LLC, Glenn Randers-Pehrson, !ImageMagick Studio LLC.'' ----
10 pages link to
convert(1)
:
identify(1)
ImageMagick(1)
animate(1)
import(1)
composite(1)
conjure(1)
display(1)
mogrify(1)
montage(1)
Man1c
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