version 1 showing authors affecting page license.
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perry |
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AS |
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!!!AS |
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NAME |
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SYNOPSIS |
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DESCRIPTION |
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OPTIONS |
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SEE ALSO |
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COPYRIGHT |
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---- |
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!!NAME |
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AS - the portable GNU assembler. |
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!!SYNOPSIS |
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as [[__-a__[[__cdhlns__][[=''file'']] [[__-D__] |
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[[__--defsym__ ''sym''=''val''] [[__-f__] |
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[[__--gstabs__] [[__--gdwarf2__] [[__--help__] |
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[[__-I__ ''dir''] [[__-J__] [[__-K__] [[__-L__] |
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[[__--listing-lhs-width__= ''NUM'' ] |
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[[__--listing-lhs-width2__= ''NUM'' ] |
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[[__--listing-rhs-width__= ''NUM'' ] |
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[[__--listing-cont-lines__= ''NUM'' ] |
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[[__--keep-locals__] [[__-o__ ''objfile''] |
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[[__-R__] [[__--statistics__] [[__-v__] |
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[[__-version__] [[__--version__] [[__-W__] |
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[[__--warn__] [[__--fatal-warnings__] [[__-w__] |
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[[__-x__] [[__-Z__] [[__--target-help__] |
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[[''target-options''] [[__--__''files'' |
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...] |
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''Target Alpha options:'' [[__-m__''cpu''] |
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[[__-mdebug -no-mdebug__] [[__-relax__] [[__-g__] |
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[[__-G__''size''] [[__-F__] |
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[[__-32addr__] |
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''Target'' ''ARC options:'' |
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[[__-marc[[5678]__] [[__-EB-EL__] |
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''Target'' ''ARM options:'' |
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[[__-mcpu__=''processor''[[+''extension''...]] |
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[[__-march__=''architecture''[[+''extension''...]] |
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[[__-mfpu__=''floating-point-fromat''] [[__-mthumb__] |
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[[__-EB-EL__] [[__-mapcs-32-mapcs-26-mapcs-float |
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-mapcs-reentrant__] [[__-mthumb-interwork__] |
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[[__-moabi__] [[__-k__] |
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''Target'' ''CRIS options:'' |
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[[__--underscore --no-underscore__] [[__--pic__] |
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[[__-N__] [[__--emulation=criself |
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--emulation=crisaout__] |
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''Target D10V options:'' |
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[[__-O__] |
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''Target D30V options:'' |
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[[__-O-n-N__] |
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''Target i386 options:'' |
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[[__--32--64__] |
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''Target i960 options:'' |
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[[__-ACA-ACA_A-ACB-ACC-AKA-AKB -AKC-AMC__] [[__-b__] |
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[[__-no-relax__] |
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''Target M32R options:'' |
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[[__--m32rx--[[no-]warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts |
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--W[[n]p__] |
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''Target M680X0 options:'' [[__-l__] |
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[[__-m68000-m68010-m68020__...] |
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''Target M68HC11 options:'' |
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[[__-m68hc11-m68hc12__] [[__--force-long-branchs__] |
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[[__--short-branchs__] [[__--strict-direct-mode__] |
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[[__--print-insn-syntax__] [[__--print-opcodes__] |
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[[__--generate-example__] |
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''Target'' ''MCORE options:'' |
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[[__-jsri2bsr__] [[__-sifilter__] [[__-relax__] |
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[[__-mcpu=[[210340]__] |
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''Target'' ''MIPS options:'' |
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[[__-nocpp__] [[__-EL__] [[__-EB__] [[__-G__ |
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''num''] [[__-mcpu__= ''CPU'' ] |
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[[__-mips1__] [[__-mips2__] [[__-mips3__] |
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[[__-mips4__] [[__-mips5__] [[__-mips32__] |
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[[__-mips64__] [[__-m4650__] [[__-no-m4650__] |
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[[__--trap__] [[__--break__] [[__-n__] |
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[[__--emulation__=''name'' ] |
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''Target'' ''MMIX options:'' |
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[[__--fixed-special-register-names__] |
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[[__--globalize-symbols__] [[__--gnu-syntax__] |
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[[__--relax__] [[__--no-predefined-symbols__] |
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[[__--no-expand__] [[__--no-merge-gregs__] [[__-x__] |
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[[__--linker-allocated-gregs__] |
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''Target'' ''PDP11 options:'' |
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[[__-mpic-mno-pic__] [[__-mall__] |
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[[__-mno-extensions__] |
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[[__-m__''extension''__-mno-__''extension''] |
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[[__-m__''cpu''] |
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[[__-m__''machine''] |
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''Target picoJava options:'' |
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[[__-mb-me__] |
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''Target PowerPC options:'' |
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[[__-mpwrx-mpwr2-mpwr-m601-mppc-mppc32-m603-m604 |
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-m403-m405-mppc64-m620-mppc64bridge-mbooke |
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-mbooke32-mbooke64__] [[__-mcom-many-maltivec__] |
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[[__-memb__] [[__-mregnames-mno-regnames__] |
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[[__-mrelocatable-mrelocatable-lib__] |
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[[__-mlittle-mlittle-endian-mbig-mbig-endian__] |
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[[__-msolaris-mno-solaris__] |
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''Target'' ''SPARC options:'' |
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[[__-Av6-Av7-Av8-Asparclet-Asparclite |
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-Av8plus-Av8plusa-Av9-Av9a__] |
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[[__-xarch=v8plus-xarch=v8plusa__] [[__-bump__] |
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[[__-32-64__] |
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!!DESCRIPTION |
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GNU __as__ is really a family of |
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assemblers. If you use (or have used) the GNU |
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assembler on one architecture, you should find a fairly |
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similar environment when you use it on another architecture. |
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Each version has much in common with the others, including |
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object file formats, most assembler directives (often called |
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''pseudo-ops'') and assembler syntax. |
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__as__ is primarily intended to assemble the output |
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of the GNU C compiler for use by the linker . |
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Nevertheless, we've tried to make __as__ assemble |
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correctly everything that other assemblers for the same |
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machine would assemble. Any exceptions are documented |
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explicitly. This doesn't mean __as__ always uses the same |
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syntax as another assembler for the same architecture; for |
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example, we know of several incompatible versions of 680x0 |
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assembly language syntax. |
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Each time you run __as__ it assembles exactly one |
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source program. The source program is made up of one or more |
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files. (The standard input is also a |
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file.) |
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You give __as__ a command line that has zero or more |
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input file names. The input files are read (from left file |
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name to right). A command line argument (in any position) |
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that has no special meaning is taken to be an input file |
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name. |
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If you give __as__ no file names it attempts to read |
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one input file from the __as__ standard input, which is |
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normally your terminal. You may have to type __ctl-D__ to |
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tell __as__ there is no more program to |
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assemble. |
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Use __--__ if you need to explicitly name the |
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standard input file in your command line. |
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If the source is empty, __as__ produces a small, |
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empty object file. |
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__as__ may write warnings and error messages to the |
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standard error file (usually your terminal). This should not |
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happen when a compiler runs __as__ automatically. |
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Warnings report an assumption made so that __as__ could |
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keep assembling a flawed program; errors report a grave |
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problem that stops the assembly. |
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If you are invoking __as__ via the GNU C |
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compiler (version 2), you can use the __-Wa__ option to |
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pass arguments through to the assembler. The assembler |
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arguments must be separated from each other (and the |
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__-Wa__) by commas. For example: |
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gcc -c -g -O -Wa,-alh,-L file.c |
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This passes two options to the assembler: __-alh__ (emit a listing to standard output with with high-level and assembly source) and __-L__ (retain local symbols in the symbol table). |
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Usually you do not need to use this __-Wa__ |
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mechanism, since many compiler command-line options are |
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automatically passed to the assembler by the compiler. (You |
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can call the GNU compiler driver with the |
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__-v__ option to see precisely what options it passes to |
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each compilation pass, including the |
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assembler.) |
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!!OPTIONS |
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__-a[[cdhlmns]__ |
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Turn on listings, in any of a variety of |
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ways: |
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__-ac__ |
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omit false conditionals |
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__-ad__ |
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omit debugging directives |
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__-ah__ |
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include high-level source |
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__-al__ |
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include assembly |
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__-am__ |
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include macro expansions |
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__-an__ |
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omit forms processing |
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__-as__ |
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include symbols |
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__=file__ |
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set the name of the listing file |
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You may combine these options; for example, use |
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__-aln__ for assembly listing without forms processing. |
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The __=file__ option, if used, must be the last one. By |
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itself, __-a__ defaults to |
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__-ahls__. |
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__-D__ |
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Ignored. This option is accepted for script |
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compatibility with calls to other |
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assemblers. |
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__--defsym__ |
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''sym''__=__''value'' |
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Define the symbol ''sym'' to be ''value'' before |
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assembling the input file. ''value'' must be an integer |
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constant. As in C, a leading __0x__ indicates a |
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hexadecimal value, and a leading __0__ indicates an octal |
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value. |
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__-f__ |
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``fast''---skip whitespace and comment preprocessing |
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(assume source is compiler output). |
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__--gstabs__ |
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Generate stabs debugging information for each assembler |
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line. This may help debugging assembler code, if the |
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debugger can handle it. |
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__--gdwarf2__ |
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Generate DWARF2 debugging information for |
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each assembler line. This may help debugging assembler code, |
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if the debugger can handle it. Note - this option is only |
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supported by some targets, not all of |
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them. |
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__--help__ |
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Print a summary of the command line options and |
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exit. |
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__--target-help__ |
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Print a summary of all target specific options and |
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exit. |
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__-I__ ''dir'' |
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Add directory ''dir'' to the search list for |
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.include directives. |
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__-J__ |
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Don't warn about signed overflow. |
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__-K__ |
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This option is accepted but has no effect on the |
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TARGET family. |
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__-L__ |
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__--keep-locals__ |
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Keep (in the symbol table) local symbols. On |
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traditional a.out systems these start with __L__, but |
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different systems have different local label |
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prefixes. |
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__--listing-lhs-width=__''number'' |
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Set the maximum width, in words, of the output data |
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column for an assembler listing to |
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''number''. |
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__--listing-lhs-width2=__''number'' |
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Set the maximum width, in words, of the output data |
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column for continuation lines in an assembler listing to |
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''number''. |
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__--listing-rhs-width=__''number'' |
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Set the maximum width of an input source line, as |
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displayed in a listing, to ''number'' |
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bytes. |
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__--listing-cont-lines=__''number'' |
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Set the maximum number of lines printed in a listing |
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for a single line of input to ''number'' + |
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1. |
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__-o__ ''objfile'' |
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Name the object-file output from __as__ |
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''objfile''. |
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__-R__ |
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Fold the data section into the text |
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section. |
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__--statistics__ |
|
|
421 |
|
|
|
422 |
|
|
|
423 |
Print the maximum space (in bytes) and total time (in |
|
|
424 |
seconds) used by assembly. |
|
|
425 |
|
|
|
426 |
|
|
|
427 |
__--strip-local-absolute__ |
|
|
428 |
|
|
|
429 |
|
|
|
430 |
Remove local absolute symbols from the outgoing symbol |
|
|
431 |
table. |
|
|
432 |
|
|
|
433 |
|
|
|
434 |
__-v__ |
|
|
435 |
|
|
|
436 |
|
|
|
437 |
__-version__ |
|
|
438 |
|
|
|
439 |
|
|
|
440 |
Print the __as__ version. |
|
|
441 |
|
|
|
442 |
|
|
|
443 |
__--version__ |
|
|
444 |
|
|
|
445 |
|
|
|
446 |
Print the __as__ version and |
|
|
447 |
exit. |
|
|
448 |
|
|
|
449 |
|
|
|
450 |
__-W__ |
|
|
451 |
|
|
|
452 |
|
|
|
453 |
__--no-warn__ |
|
|
454 |
|
|
|
455 |
|
|
|
456 |
Suppress warning messages. |
|
|
457 |
|
|
|
458 |
|
|
|
459 |
__--fatal-warnings__ |
|
|
460 |
|
|
|
461 |
|
|
|
462 |
Treat warnings as errors. |
|
|
463 |
|
|
|
464 |
|
|
|
465 |
__--warn__ |
|
|
466 |
|
|
|
467 |
|
|
|
468 |
Don't suppress warning messages or treat them as |
|
|
469 |
errors. |
|
|
470 |
|
|
|
471 |
|
|
|
472 |
__-w__ |
|
|
473 |
|
|
|
474 |
|
|
|
475 |
Ignored. |
|
|
476 |
|
|
|
477 |
|
|
|
478 |
__-x__ |
|
|
479 |
|
|
|
480 |
|
|
|
481 |
Ignored. |
|
|
482 |
|
|
|
483 |
|
|
|
484 |
__-Z__ |
|
|
485 |
|
|
|
486 |
|
|
|
487 |
Generate an object file even after |
|
|
488 |
errors. |
|
|
489 |
|
|
|
490 |
|
|
|
491 |
__--__ ''files'' __...__ |
|
|
492 |
|
|
|
493 |
|
|
|
494 |
Standard input, or source files to |
|
|
495 |
assemble. |
|
|
496 |
|
|
|
497 |
|
|
|
498 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
499 |
configured for an ARC |
|
|
500 |
processor. |
|
|
501 |
|
|
|
502 |
|
|
|
503 |
__-marc[[5678]__ |
|
|
504 |
|
|
|
505 |
|
|
|
506 |
This option selects the core processor |
|
|
507 |
variant. |
|
|
508 |
|
|
|
509 |
|
|
|
510 |
__-EB -EL__ |
|
|
511 |
|
|
|
512 |
|
|
|
513 |
Select either big-endian (-EB) or little-endian (-EL) |
|
|
514 |
output. |
|
|
515 |
|
|
|
516 |
|
|
|
517 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
518 |
configured for the ARM processor |
|
|
519 |
family. |
|
|
520 |
|
|
|
521 |
|
|
|
522 |
__-mcpu=__''processor''__[[+__''extension''__...]__ |
|
|
523 |
|
|
|
524 |
|
|
|
525 |
Specify which ARM processor variant is the |
|
|
526 |
target. |
|
|
527 |
|
|
|
528 |
|
|
|
529 |
__-march=__''architecture''__[[+__''extension''__...]__ |
|
|
530 |
|
|
|
531 |
|
|
|
532 |
Specify which ARM architecture variant is |
|
|
533 |
used by the target. |
|
|
534 |
|
|
|
535 |
|
|
|
536 |
__-mfpu=__''floating-point-format'' |
|
|
537 |
|
|
|
538 |
|
|
|
539 |
Select which Floating Point architecture is the |
|
|
540 |
target. |
|
|
541 |
|
|
|
542 |
|
|
|
543 |
__-mthumb__ |
|
|
544 |
|
|
|
545 |
|
|
|
546 |
Enable Thumb only instruction |
|
|
547 |
decoding. |
|
|
548 |
|
|
|
549 |
|
|
|
550 |
__-mapcs-32 -mapcs-26 -mapcs-float -mapcs-reentrant |
|
|
551 |
-moabi__ |
|
|
552 |
|
|
|
553 |
|
|
|
554 |
Select which procedure calling convention is in |
|
|
555 |
use. |
|
|
556 |
|
|
|
557 |
|
|
|
558 |
__-EB -EL__ |
|
|
559 |
|
|
|
560 |
|
|
|
561 |
Select either big-endian (-EB) or little-endian (-EL) |
|
|
562 |
output. |
|
|
563 |
|
|
|
564 |
|
|
|
565 |
__-mthumb-interwork__ |
|
|
566 |
|
|
|
567 |
|
|
|
568 |
Specify that the code has been generated with |
|
|
569 |
interworking between Thumb and ARM code in |
|
|
570 |
mind. |
|
|
571 |
|
|
|
572 |
|
|
|
573 |
__-k__ |
|
|
574 |
|
|
|
575 |
|
|
|
576 |
Specify that PIC code has been |
|
|
577 |
generated. |
|
|
578 |
|
|
|
579 |
|
|
|
580 |
See the info pages for documentation of the |
|
|
581 |
CRIS-specific options. |
|
|
582 |
|
|
|
583 |
|
|
|
584 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
585 |
configured for a D10V processor. |
|
|
586 |
|
|
|
587 |
|
|
|
588 |
__-O__ |
|
|
589 |
|
|
|
590 |
|
|
|
591 |
Optimize output by parallelizing |
|
|
592 |
instructions. |
|
|
593 |
|
|
|
594 |
|
|
|
595 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
596 |
configured for a D30V processor. |
|
|
597 |
|
|
|
598 |
|
|
|
599 |
__-O__ |
|
|
600 |
|
|
|
601 |
|
|
|
602 |
Optimize output by parallelizing |
|
|
603 |
instructions. |
|
|
604 |
|
|
|
605 |
|
|
|
606 |
__-n__ |
|
|
607 |
|
|
|
608 |
|
|
|
609 |
Warn when nops are generated. |
|
|
610 |
|
|
|
611 |
|
|
|
612 |
__-N__ |
|
|
613 |
|
|
|
614 |
|
|
|
615 |
Warn when a nop after a 32-bit multiply instruction is |
|
|
616 |
generated. |
|
|
617 |
|
|
|
618 |
|
|
|
619 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
620 |
configured for the Intel 80960 processor. |
|
|
621 |
|
|
|
622 |
|
|
|
623 |
__-ACA -ACA_A -ACB -ACC -AKA -AKB -AKC |
|
|
624 |
-AMC__ |
|
|
625 |
|
|
|
626 |
|
|
|
627 |
Specify which variant of the 960 architecture is the |
|
|
628 |
target. |
|
|
629 |
|
|
|
630 |
|
|
|
631 |
__-b__ |
|
|
632 |
|
|
|
633 |
|
|
|
634 |
Add code to collect statistics about branches |
|
|
635 |
taken. |
|
|
636 |
|
|
|
637 |
|
|
|
638 |
__-no-relax__ |
|
|
639 |
|
|
|
640 |
|
|
|
641 |
Do not alter compare-and-branch instructions for long |
|
|
642 |
displacements; error if necessary. |
|
|
643 |
|
|
|
644 |
|
|
|
645 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
646 |
configured for the Mitsubishi M32R |
|
|
647 |
series. |
|
|
648 |
|
|
|
649 |
|
|
|
650 |
__--m32rx__ |
|
|
651 |
|
|
|
652 |
|
|
|
653 |
Specify which processor in the M32R family is the |
|
|
654 |
target. The default is normally the M32R, but this option |
|
|
655 |
changes it to the M32RX. |
|
|
656 |
|
|
|
657 |
|
|
|
658 |
__--warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts or |
|
|
659 |
--Wp__ |
|
|
660 |
|
|
|
661 |
|
|
|
662 |
Produce warning messages when questionable parallel |
|
|
663 |
constructs are encountered. |
|
|
664 |
|
|
|
665 |
|
|
|
666 |
__--no-warn-explicit-parallel-conflicts or |
|
|
667 |
--Wnp__ |
|
|
668 |
|
|
|
669 |
|
|
|
670 |
Do not produce warning messages when questionable |
|
|
671 |
parallel constructs are encountered. |
|
|
672 |
|
|
|
673 |
|
|
|
674 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
675 |
configured for the Motorola 68000 series. |
|
|
676 |
|
|
|
677 |
|
|
|
678 |
__-l__ |
|
|
679 |
|
|
|
680 |
|
|
|
681 |
Shorten references to undefined symbols, to one word |
|
|
682 |
instead of two. |
|
|
683 |
|
|
|
684 |
|
|
|
685 |
__-m68000 -m68008 -m68010 -m68020 |
|
|
686 |
-m68030__ |
|
|
687 |
|
|
|
688 |
|
|
|
689 |
__-m68040 -m68060 -m68302 -m68331 |
|
|
690 |
-m68332__ |
|
|
691 |
|
|
|
692 |
|
|
|
693 |
__-m68333 -m68340 -mcpu32 |
|
|
694 |
-m5200__ |
|
|
695 |
|
|
|
696 |
|
|
|
697 |
Specify what processor in the 68000 family is the |
|
|
698 |
target. The default is normally the 68020, but this can be |
|
|
699 |
changed at configuration time. |
|
|
700 |
|
|
|
701 |
|
|
|
702 |
__-m68881 -m68882 -mno-68881 |
|
|
703 |
-mno-68882__ |
|
|
704 |
|
|
|
705 |
|
|
|
706 |
The target machine does (or does not) have a |
|
|
707 |
floating-point coprocessor. The default is to assume a |
|
|
708 |
coprocessor for 68020, 68030, and cpu32. Although the basic |
|
|
709 |
68000 is not compatible with the 68881, a combination of the |
|
|
710 |
two can be specified, since it's possible to do emulation of |
|
|
711 |
the coprocessor instructions with the main |
|
|
712 |
processor. |
|
|
713 |
|
|
|
714 |
|
|
|
715 |
__-m68851 -mno-68851__ |
|
|
716 |
|
|
|
717 |
|
|
|
718 |
The target machine does (or does not) have a |
|
|
719 |
memory-management unit coprocessor. The default is to assume |
|
|
720 |
an MMU for 68020 and up. |
|
|
721 |
|
|
|
722 |
|
|
|
723 |
For details about the PDP-11 machine |
|
|
724 |
dependent features options, see |
|
|
725 |
@ref{PDP-11-Options}. |
|
|
726 |
|
|
|
727 |
|
|
|
728 |
__-mpic -mno-pic__ |
|
|
729 |
|
|
|
730 |
|
|
|
731 |
Generate position-independent (or position-dependent) |
|
|
732 |
code. The default is __-mpic__. |
|
|
733 |
|
|
|
734 |
|
|
|
735 |
__-mall__ |
|
|
736 |
|
|
|
737 |
|
|
|
738 |
__-mall-extensions__ |
|
|
739 |
|
|
|
740 |
|
|
|
741 |
Enable all instruction set extensions. This is the |
|
|
742 |
default. |
|
|
743 |
|
|
|
744 |
|
|
|
745 |
__-mno-extensions__ |
|
|
746 |
|
|
|
747 |
|
|
|
748 |
Disable all instruction set |
|
|
749 |
extensions. |
|
|
750 |
|
|
|
751 |
|
|
|
752 |
__-m__''extension'' |
|
|
753 |
__-mno-__''extension'' |
|
|
754 |
|
|
|
755 |
|
|
|
756 |
Enable (or disable) a particular instruction set |
|
|
757 |
extension. |
|
|
758 |
|
|
|
759 |
|
|
|
760 |
__-m__''cpu'' |
|
|
761 |
|
|
|
762 |
|
|
|
763 |
Enable the instruction set extensions supported by a |
|
|
764 |
particular CPU , and disable all other |
|
|
765 |
extensions. |
|
|
766 |
|
|
|
767 |
|
|
|
768 |
__-m__''machine'' |
|
|
769 |
|
|
|
770 |
|
|
|
771 |
Enable the instruction set extensions supported by a |
|
|
772 |
particular machine model, and disable all other |
|
|
773 |
extensions. |
|
|
774 |
|
|
|
775 |
|
|
|
776 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
777 |
configured for a picoJava processor. |
|
|
778 |
|
|
|
779 |
|
|
|
780 |
__-mb__ |
|
|
781 |
|
|
|
782 |
|
|
|
783 |
Generate ``big endian'' format |
|
|
784 |
output. |
|
|
785 |
|
|
|
786 |
|
|
|
787 |
__-ml__ |
|
|
788 |
|
|
|
789 |
|
|
|
790 |
Generate ``little endian'' format |
|
|
791 |
output. |
|
|
792 |
|
|
|
793 |
|
|
|
794 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
795 |
configured for the Motorola 68HC11 or 68HC12 |
|
|
796 |
series. |
|
|
797 |
|
|
|
798 |
|
|
|
799 |
__-m68hc11 -m68hc12__ |
|
|
800 |
|
|
|
801 |
|
|
|
802 |
Specify what processor is the target. The default is |
|
|
803 |
defined by the configuration option when building the |
|
|
804 |
assembler. |
|
|
805 |
|
|
|
806 |
|
|
|
807 |
__--force-long-branchs__ |
|
|
808 |
|
|
|
809 |
|
|
|
810 |
Relative branches are turned into absolute ones. This |
|
|
811 |
concerns conditional branches, unconditional branches and |
|
|
812 |
branches to a sub routine. |
|
|
813 |
|
|
|
814 |
|
|
|
815 |
__-S --short-branchs__ |
|
|
816 |
|
|
|
817 |
|
|
|
818 |
Do not turn relative branchs into absolute ones when |
|
|
819 |
the offset is out of range. |
|
|
820 |
|
|
|
821 |
|
|
|
822 |
__--strict-direct-mode__ |
|
|
823 |
|
|
|
824 |
|
|
|
825 |
Do not turn the direct addressing mode into extended |
|
|
826 |
addressing mode when the instruction does not support direct |
|
|
827 |
addressing mode. |
|
|
828 |
|
|
|
829 |
|
|
|
830 |
__--print-insn-syntax__ |
|
|
831 |
|
|
|
832 |
|
|
|
833 |
Print the syntax of instruction in case of |
|
|
834 |
error. |
|
|
835 |
|
|
|
836 |
|
|
|
837 |
__--print-opcodes__ |
|
|
838 |
|
|
|
839 |
|
|
|
840 |
print the list of instructions with syntax and then |
|
|
841 |
exit. |
|
|
842 |
|
|
|
843 |
|
|
|
844 |
__--generate-example__ |
|
|
845 |
|
|
|
846 |
|
|
|
847 |
print an example of instruction for each possible |
|
|
848 |
instruction and then exit. This option is only useful for |
|
|
849 |
testing __as__. |
|
|
850 |
|
|
|
851 |
|
|
|
852 |
The following options are available when __as__ is |
|
|
853 |
configured for the SPARC |
|
|
854 |
architecture: |
|
|
855 |
|
|
|
856 |
|
|
|
857 |
__-Av6 -Av7 -Av8 -Asparclet |
|
|
858 |
-Asparclite__ |
|
|
859 |
|
|
|
860 |
|
|
|
861 |
__-Av8plus -Av8plusa -Av9 -Av9a__ |
|
|
862 |
|
|
|
863 |
|
|
|
864 |
Explicitly select a variant of the SPARC |
|
|
865 |
architecture. |
|
|
866 |
|
|
|
867 |
|
|
|
868 |
__-Av8plus__ and __-Av8plusa__ select a 32 bit |
|
|
869 |
environment. __-Av9__ and __-Av9a__ select a 64 bit |
|
|
870 |
environment. |
|
|
871 |
|
|
|
872 |
|
|
|
873 |
__-Av8plusa__ and __-Av9a__ enable the |
|
|
874 |
SPARC V9 instruction set with UltraSPARC |
|
|
875 |
extensions. |
|
|
876 |
|
|
|
877 |
|
|
|
878 |
__-xarch=v8plus -xarch=v8plusa__ |
|
|
879 |
|
|
|
880 |
|
|
|
881 |
For compatibility with the Solaris v9 assembler. These |
|
|
882 |
options are equivalent to -Av8plus and -Av8plusa, |
|
|
883 |
respectively. |
|
|
884 |
|
|
|
885 |
|
|
|
886 |
__-bump__ |
|
|
887 |
|
|
|
888 |
|
|
|
889 |
Warn when the assembler switches to another |
|
|
890 |
architecture. |
|
|
891 |
|
|
|
892 |
|
|
|
893 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
894 |
configured for a MIPS |
|
|
895 |
processor. |
|
|
896 |
|
|
|
897 |
|
|
|
898 |
__-G__ ''num'' |
|
|
899 |
|
|
|
900 |
|
|
|
901 |
This option sets the largest size of an object that can |
|
|
902 |
be referenced implicitly with the gp register. It |
|
|
903 |
is only accepted for targets that use ECOFF |
|
|
904 |
format, such as a DECstation running Ultrix. The |
|
|
905 |
default value is 8. |
|
|
906 |
|
|
|
907 |
|
|
|
908 |
__-EB__ |
|
|
909 |
|
|
|
910 |
|
|
|
911 |
Generate ``big endian'' format |
|
|
912 |
output. |
|
|
913 |
|
|
|
914 |
|
|
|
915 |
__-EL__ |
|
|
916 |
|
|
|
917 |
|
|
|
918 |
Generate ``little endian'' format |
|
|
919 |
output. |
|
|
920 |
|
|
|
921 |
|
|
|
922 |
__-mips1__ |
|
|
923 |
|
|
|
924 |
|
|
|
925 |
__-mips2__ |
|
|
926 |
|
|
|
927 |
|
|
|
928 |
__-mips3__ |
|
|
929 |
|
|
|
930 |
|
|
|
931 |
__-mips4__ |
|
|
932 |
|
|
|
933 |
|
|
|
934 |
__-mips32__ |
|
|
935 |
|
|
|
936 |
|
|
|
937 |
__-mips64__ |
|
|
938 |
|
|
|
939 |
|
|
|
940 |
Generate code for a particular MIPS |
|
|
941 |
Instruction Set Architecture level. __-mips1__ |
|
|
942 |
corresponds to the R2000 and R3000 processors, __-mips2__ |
|
|
943 |
to the R6000 processor, and __-mips3__ to the R4000 |
|
|
944 |
processor. __-mips5__, __-mips32__, and __-mips64__ |
|
|
945 |
correspond to generic MIPS V, MIPS32 , |
|
|
946 |
and MIPS64 ISA processors, |
|
|
947 |
respectively. |
|
|
948 |
|
|
|
949 |
|
|
|
950 |
__-m4650__ |
|
|
951 |
|
|
|
952 |
|
|
|
953 |
__-no-m4650__ |
|
|
954 |
|
|
|
955 |
|
|
|
956 |
Generate code for the MIPS R4650 chip. This |
|
|
957 |
tells the assembler to accept the __mad__ and __madu__ |
|
|
958 |
instruction, and to not schedule __nop__ instructions |
|
|
959 |
around accesses to the __HI__ and |
|
|
960 |
__LO__ registers. __-no-m4650__ turns off this |
|
|
961 |
option. |
|
|
962 |
|
|
|
963 |
|
|
|
964 |
__-mcpu=__ ''CPU'' |
|
|
965 |
|
|
|
966 |
|
|
|
967 |
Generate code for a particular MIPS cpu. It |
|
|
968 |
is exactly equivalent to __-m__''cpu'', except that |
|
|
969 |
there are more value of ''cpu'' |
|
|
970 |
understood. |
|
|
971 |
|
|
|
972 |
|
|
|
973 |
__--emulation=__''name'' |
|
|
974 |
|
|
|
975 |
|
|
|
976 |
This option causes __as__ to emulate __as__ |
|
|
977 |
configured for some other target, in all respects, including |
|
|
978 |
output format (choosing between ELF and |
|
|
979 |
ECOFF only), handling of pseudo-opcodes which may |
|
|
980 |
generate debugging information or store symbol table |
|
|
981 |
information, and default endianness. The available |
|
|
982 |
configuration names are: __mipsecoff__, __mipself__, |
|
|
983 |
__mipslecoff__, __mipsbecoff__, __mipslelf__, |
|
|
984 |
__mipsbelf__. The first two do not alter the default |
|
|
985 |
endianness from that of the primary target for which the |
|
|
986 |
assembler was configured; the others change the default to |
|
|
987 |
little- or big-endian as indicated by the __b__ or |
|
|
988 |
__l__ in the name. Using __-EB__ or __-EL__ will |
|
|
989 |
override the endianness selection in any |
|
|
990 |
case. |
|
|
991 |
|
|
|
992 |
|
|
|
993 |
This option is currently supported only when the |
|
|
994 |
primary target __as__ is configured for is a MIPS |
|
|
995 |
ELF or ECOFF target. Furthermore, the |
|
|
996 |
primary target or others specified with |
|
|
997 |
__--enable-targets=...__ at configuration time must |
|
|
998 |
include support for the other format, if both are to be |
|
|
999 |
available. For example, the Irix 5 configuration includes |
|
|
1000 |
support for both. |
|
|
1001 |
|
|
|
1002 |
|
|
|
1003 |
Eventually, this option will support more |
|
|
1004 |
configurations, with more fine-grained control over the |
|
|
1005 |
assembler's behavior, and will be supported for more |
|
|
1006 |
processors. |
|
|
1007 |
|
|
|
1008 |
|
|
|
1009 |
__-nocpp__ |
|
|
1010 |
|
|
|
1011 |
|
|
|
1012 |
__as__ ignores this option. It is accepted for |
|
|
1013 |
compatibility with the native tools. |
|
|
1014 |
|
|
|
1015 |
|
|
|
1016 |
__--trap__ |
|
|
1017 |
|
|
|
1018 |
|
|
|
1019 |
__--no-trap__ |
|
|
1020 |
|
|
|
1021 |
|
|
|
1022 |
__--break__ |
|
|
1023 |
|
|
|
1024 |
|
|
|
1025 |
__--no-break__ |
|
|
1026 |
|
|
|
1027 |
|
|
|
1028 |
Control how to deal with multiplication overflow and |
|
|
1029 |
division by zero. __--trap__ or __--no-break__ (which |
|
|
1030 |
are synonyms) take a trap exception (and only work for |
|
|
1031 |
Instruction Set Architecture level 2 and higher); |
|
|
1032 |
__--break__ or __--no-trap__ (also synonyms, and the |
|
|
1033 |
default) take a break exception. |
|
|
1034 |
|
|
|
1035 |
|
|
|
1036 |
__-n__ |
|
|
1037 |
|
|
|
1038 |
|
|
|
1039 |
When this option is used, __as__ will issue a |
|
|
1040 |
warning every time it generates a nop instruction from a |
|
|
1041 |
macro. |
|
|
1042 |
|
|
|
1043 |
|
|
|
1044 |
The following options are available when as is |
|
|
1045 |
configured for an MCore processor. |
|
|
1046 |
|
|
|
1047 |
|
|
|
1048 |
__-jsri2bsr__ |
|
|
1049 |
|
|
|
1050 |
|
|
|
1051 |
__-nojsri2bsr__ |
|
|
1052 |
|
|
|
1053 |
|
|
|
1054 |
Enable or disable the JSRI to BSR |
|
|
1055 |
transformation. By default this is enabled. The command |
|
|
1056 |
line option __-nojsri2bsr__ can be used to disable |
|
|
1057 |
it. |
|
|
1058 |
|
|
|
1059 |
|
|
|
1060 |
__-sifilter__ |
|
|
1061 |
|
|
|
1062 |
|
|
|
1063 |
__-nosifilter__ |
|
|
1064 |
|
|
|
1065 |
|
|
|
1066 |
Enable or disable the silicon filter behaviour. By |
|
|
1067 |
default this is disabled. The default can be overridden by |
|
|
1068 |
the __-sifilter__ command line option. |
|
|
1069 |
|
|
|
1070 |
|
|
|
1071 |
__-relax__ |
|
|
1072 |
|
|
|
1073 |
|
|
|
1074 |
Alter jump instructions for long |
|
|
1075 |
displacements. |
|
|
1076 |
|
|
|
1077 |
|
|
|
1078 |
__-mcpu=[[210340]__ |
|
|
1079 |
|
|
|
1080 |
|
|
|
1081 |
Select the cpu type on the target hardware. This |
|
|
1082 |
controls which instructions can be |
|
|
1083 |
assembled. |
|
|
1084 |
|
|
|
1085 |
|
|
|
1086 |
__-EB__ |
|
|
1087 |
|
|
|
1088 |
|
|
|
1089 |
Assemble for a big endian target. |
|
|
1090 |
|
|
|
1091 |
|
|
|
1092 |
__-EL__ |
|
|
1093 |
|
|
|
1094 |
|
|
|
1095 |
Assemble for a little endian target. |
|
|
1096 |
|
|
|
1097 |
|
|
|
1098 |
See the info pages for documentation of the |
|
|
1099 |
MMIX-specific options. |
|
|
1100 |
!!SEE ALSO |
|
|
1101 |
|
|
|
1102 |
|
|
|
1103 |
gcc(1), ld(1), and the Info entries for |
|
|
1104 |
''binutils'' and ''ld''. |
|
|
1105 |
!!COPYRIGHT |
|
|
1106 |
|
|
|
1107 |
|
|
|
1108 |
Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, |
|
|
1109 |
2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, |
|
|
1110 |
Inc. |
|
|
1111 |
|
|
|
1112 |
|
|
|
1113 |
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify |
|
|
1114 |
this document under the terms of the GNU Free |
|
|
1115 |
Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version |
|
|
1116 |
published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant |
|
|
1117 |
Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover |
|
|
1118 |
Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section |
|
|
1119 |
entitled `` GNU Free Documentation |
|
|
1120 |
License''. |
|
|
1121 |
---- |