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| Newer page: | version 2 | Last edited on Sunday, November 28, 2004 12:52:18 am | by AristotlePagaltzis | |
| Older page: | version 1 | Last edited on Friday, June 7, 2002 1:06:47 am | by perry | Revert |
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-ISP-Connectivity
-
-
-
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-
-!!!ISP-Connectivity-mini-HOWTO
-
-!!Michael Strates, mstrates@croftj.netv2..1, 2001-11-28
-
-
-----
-''This document describes how to setup PPP, connect up to your
-ISP, configure mail and news, get a permanent IP (if available),
-get a domain name, and have a bonda fide system running
-in a little over thirty minutes.''
-----
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-!!1. Introduction
-
-
-*1.1 New versions of this document
-
-*1.2 Feedback
-
-*1.3 Standard Disclaimer
-
-*1.4 Copyright Information
-
-
-
-
-
-!!2. Connecting to the Outside World
-
-
-*2.1 Talking and Communicating with pppd and chat
-
-*2.2 IP's, Domain Names and Subnets
-
-
-
-
-
-!!3. Electronic Mail on your Linux Box
-----
-
-!!1. Introduction
-
-
-The main goal of this document obviously is to make the new user
-friendly with the many terms of connecting your Linux PC up to
-the Internet, obtaining IP addresses, domain names, and setting things
-up. This guide is intended for the intermediate user in mind, although
-intelligent newbies shouldn't have any problems.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-!!1.1 New versions of this document
-
-
-
-New versions of this document will be periodically posted to
-''comp.os.linux.answers''. They will also be added to the
-various anonymous FTP sites who archive such information,
-including:
-
-
-
-ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO
-
-
-In addition, you should generally be able to find this document
-on the Linux Documentation Project page via:
-
-
-
-http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/
-
-
-
-
-!!1.2 Feedback
-
-
-
-I certaintly welcome any feedback about this HOWTO, spelling mistakes,
-how it all worked out, thankyou notes and critisisms. I hope I helped
-a few people with this HOWTO, and if I did, I'd be really happy to
-hear from you.
-
-
-
-mstrates@croftj.net
-
-
-
-http://linloft.home.ml.org/
-
-
-
-
-!!1.3 Standard Disclaimer
-
-
-
-No liability for the contents of this documents can be accepted.
-Use the concepts, examples and other content at your own risk.
-As this is a new edition of this document, there may be errors
-and inaccuracies, that may of course be damaging to your system.
-Proceed with caution, and although this is highly unlikely,
-I don't take any responsibility for that.
-
-
-Naturally, there are probably better and easier ways to do things
-in this document. There will always be another way in the Linux
-World. This is the way I've done things, and that's the way I'll
-be presenting them in this HOWTO.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-!!1.4 Copyright Information
-
-
-
-This document is copyrighted (c)1997 Michael Strates and
-distributed under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
-which can be obtained from
-http://www.fsf.org/licenses/fdl.html.
-
-
-
-----
-
-!!2. Connecting to the Outside World
-
-
-In this document, we'll explain how to do this using PPP (Point
-to Point Protocol), a popular protocol nearly always used over the
-Internet. It allows your modem to speak to the outside
-world. This is what applications like Trumpet Winsock in Windows
-3.x did, and many other programs that you've probably have never
-seen.
-
-
-In Linux, we use a thing called chat to do the dialing up to the
-ISP and then use a utility called pppd to 'use' the connection. In
-a sense, chat is your dialer, and pppd is your protocol. We'll
-describe how to setup both below.
-
-!!2.1 Talking and Communicating with pppd and chat
-
-
-
-Probably the easiest way to go about things is to make a shell
-script in root's home directory called ppp-connect and
-involke the script whenever you wish to make your connection. We'll
-discuss this method.
-
-
-Open up your favourite editor as root on /ppp-connect. You'll
-then have to decide on your parameters.
-
-
-''pppd connect 'chat -v "" "your_init_string" "" ATDTisp_number
-CONNECT "" ogin: your_username word: your_passwd' /dev/tty(/1/2) speed
-modem''
-
-
-pppd involkes /usr/sbin/pppd on my system, then loads up chat to do the
-dialing. Chat sends ''your_init_string'' to the modem, then
-dials ''isp_number''. It then waits for CONNECT, then waits for
-ogin: (l removed as the first character is sometimes lost), sends
-''your_passwd'', chat then terminates and hands the show over to
-pppd.
-
-
-The last of the command specifies your modem port (mine's /dev/ttyS1). In
-most cases it will be ttyS1 (COM2: in DOS), ttyS0 (COM1: in DOS), or if
-your using Slackware, cua1 or cua0. The speed is the speed of the modem. I
-use 115200 for my modem (a 33.6k). If you have got a fairly recent
-computer (one with a 16550 UART), then I wouldn't go any lower than 57600.
-Otherwise, for 14.4k 38400. Modem just tells pppd that it's a serial/modem
-based connection. Remove the -v option if you don't want verbose logging
-to your logfiles.
-
-
-The scenario below is one of a person who dials up an ISP that
-automatically starts PPP for them, ie; they don't have a shell that
-actually starts. This is his command in his /ppp-connect:
-
-
-''pppd connect 'chat "" "ATZ" "" ATDT555-1800
-CONNECT "" ogin: johnny word: blackjak' /dev/ttyS1 115200
-modem''
-
-
-But for some people, they're ISP starts up a shell and doesn't
-automatically start PPP this may be a problem. Luckily, chat can deal with
-that too. You just add another command to your chat script. For example,
-below this johnny character is using an ISP that just dumps him to a
-shell, requiring him to type ppp to get a ppp connection. His shell prompt
-ends with a $.
-''pppd connect 'chat "" "ATZ" "" ATDT555-1800
-CONNECT "" ogin: johnny word: blackjak $ ppp' /dev/ttyS1 115200
-modem''
-
-
-If it's more than one word, ensure you quote it. I hope you can see the
-drift of this, and are able to create your own script up to suit your
-connection. Simply modify either the first johnny or the second johnny
-script to suit your taste, port, server, etc and save the file.
-
-
-Now you've made your file, ensure that only root can execute, read or
-write to it. This is extreemly important. Also make sure nobody can
-read your logfiles, if you decide to leave the -v option in, as your
-password is seen in cleartext in the logs (I don't see much need for -v,
-if you don't know what I'm talking about, leave -v out).
-
-!!2.2 IP's, Domain Names and Subnets
-
-
-
-For most people using the options above, a changing IP address won't
-bother them. These people include basic, easy going users, that just have
-dialup accounts, and aren't very technically minded. For those people,
-skim read this section, I'll come to important things you need to do to
-setup your system properly. Newbies, skip the sections dealing with
-permanent IP, Domain Names, Subnets, and just read the last bit of this
-section.
-
-
-Getting a permanent IP address might be free for your ISP, so if in doubt
-ask them. Personally, I'd pay for a permanent IP address. It lets you send
-e-mail to and from using a unique IP or domain, etc. If you want to get
-yourself a permanent IP, write an e-mail to root@yourisp.com, and ask him
-nicely if he can arrange a permanent IP for you.
-
-
-When you get your permanent IP address, grep through your /etc directory
-to find where your old IP addresses are. I had to change files in my
-sendmail directory and /etc/hosts. There are some other key files that you
-will only discover with grepping. Open up /etc/hosts, and add your new IP
-address in the standard format. Reboot your computer, and you should be
-ready to go.
-
-
-You'll now need to change your chat script to reflect your new settings.
-If you are forced into PPP as soon as you start your connection, you'll
-need to tell your System Administrator of your ISP to ensure their PPP
-system recognises that you have a permanent IP address and allocates you
-that instead of a changing one. If you get dumped at a shell prompt, and
-you need to type ppp or something to start the connection, instead of
-typing that, change your /ppp-connect script to send this instead of just
-ppp or whatever when it sees $ or whatever your shell prompt is.
-
-
-''/usr/sbin/pppd :Your_IP_Address''
-
-
-Substitute your IP address for the IP address your ISP gave to you. Be
-sure you encapsulate the thing in " " marks when you put it into your chat
-script. If this doesn't work, consult your ISP where your PPP daemon is
-located, and ask him for the command to give. You could just try leaving
-it as is and seeing if the server will recognise you and give you your
-rightful address.
-
-
-The next thing probably to do is to get yourself a domain name. I know
-that in Australia, .asn.au and .org.au are free. In the United States, you
-can get a .us domain for free, but they tend to be long. If your in
-Australia, you must go to
-http://www.aunic.net/
-to register your domains. In the United States, it is
-http://www.internic.net/ .
-
-
-To register domains you need to be able to provide DNS services, and gorey
-stuff like that. If your ISP can't provide these, throw out an official
-.asn.au or whatever domain out the window, and get a Monolith Internet
-Domain.
-
-
-Monolith offer free domains to anybody and anyone all around the world.
-Everything is done without human interaction, via a web forms interface
-with your browser. Your domain comes in the form of Your_Choice.ml.org.
-Monolith will then host the DNS locally for you. If you want to send and
-receive mail from that domain, ask your ISP to become a mail exchanger for
-you.
-
-
-Go to
-http://www.ml.org/
-and fill out an application, enter the NIC with your username and
-password, and make a FREED domain. You'll need to enter your IP address,
-so have that ready. Your domain will be in the DNS in a couple of days.
-
-
-Okay now, we'll move onto the newbies section, or for those people who
-can't get a permanent IP address or a domain name. All you have to do is
-edit /etc/hosts as root, call your site something that won't clash, give
-it a 10.10.10 or something for an IP address and reboot your computer.
-
-
-There you go, you've just setup your computer with pppd and chat in just
-ten minutes. Now let's move onto the next section, which deals with
-Electronic Mail.
-----
-
-!!3. Electronic Mail on your Linux Box
-
-
-One of the most important aspects of the Internet, is it's fasinating
-capaiblity to transfer mail to and from countries, or more locally
-perhaps. Linux is extreemly strong in easy mail packages for the console.
-The one we're going to document today is called Pine (Program for Internet
-Mail and News), made by the University of Washington, and to download the
-mail, a program called Fetchmail, made by Eric S. Raymond. Both should be
-included in your Linux distribution.
-
-
-Fetchmail is a program that downloads your e-mail from your server using
-POP, transfers the mail onto your computer and then deletes it off the
-server, much like programs like Eudora or Microsoft Internet Mail/Exchange
-do. To configure and automate fetchmail, you use a file in your home
-directory called .fetchmailrc. Simply open up /.fetchmailrc
-(Remember: your doing this bit as yourself, not as root) with your
-favourite editor and observe the command lin eoptions below:
-
-
-''poll mail.yourisp.com proto pop3 user login_name password your_passwd''
-
-
-''user login_name with pass your_passwd is login_name
here''
-
-
-All you have to do is replace ''mail.yourisp.com'' with the name of
-the mail server of your ISP, ''your_passwd'' with your password, and
-''login_name'' with your login name.
-
-
-An important thing to note. For Pine and this procedure to work correctly,
-your login name must corrospond with the login name you use on your ISP.
-That is your local login name must match the one you use on your server,
-and your e-mail address.
-
-
-Next, ensure that .fetchmailrc has the correct permissions (user
-read/write only) and your laughing. Fetchmail can be started in two ways,
-in standard mode (where it'll fetch messages from the server and
-terminate), or in daemon mode (where it will stay active, and
-check/download mail every X seconds). To use daemon mode, type
-''fetchmail -a -d(Seconds between Polls)''. -a ensures it downloads
-all mail. To use the standard mode, just type ''fetchmail -a''.
-
-
-Next, you need to setup Pine. Open up Pine, by typing pine at your prompt,
-choose Setup - Configuration. Setup your userdomain as the domain in your
-e-mail address, for example jack@linux.org, would be linux.org. Next,
-setup smtp-server as your POP mail server (the same you used in the
-fetchmail setup). So we enter www.linux.org. If you want news, setup your
-nntp server to your ISP's news server.
-
-
-So there you have it folks, everything should be working now. To connect
-up to your ISP, just run /ppp-connect as root. Then, to get your e-mail
-run fetchmail -a as yourself. To browse your e-mail and news, use
-Pine. Install a text-based browser such as Lynx to browse the web if you
-like.
-
-
-''Send any comments questions and suggestions to
-mstrates@croftj
.net''
-
-
-
-----
+Describe [HowToISPConnectivity]
here.
