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| Newer page: | version 5 | Last edited on Thursday, October 21, 2004 5:24:44 pm | by AristotlePagaltzis | Revert |
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-
-COFFEE-HOWTO
-
-
-
-----
-
-!!!COFFEE-HOWTO
-
-!!Fotis Georgatos, <gef@hellug.gr> Annie Pinder, <ajp@leguin.org.uk>
-!!v0.8, 30 November 2000
-
-
-----
-''One of the most memorable comments about software I have ever heard, is whether this or that can make coffee.
-Coffee is a world commodity that is second only to oil.
-Linux DOES make coffee. And it tastes good, as well! ''
-----
-
-
-For a long time, humanity was wondering how could a computer
-make coffee...
-People need coffee wake up and stay awake
-in front of the computer for a long time.
-Everyone knows that coding is better at night...
-
-
-
-
-
-The main problem is how to manage the coffee machine with
-the computer, so that it will be controlled by software.
-This generally means an ON/OFF switch implemented
-as a circuit which controls the coffee-machine's power supply.
-
-
-This HOWTO has turned out in a public project, look at
-http://coffee.sourceforge.net/,
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-!!1. Menu
-
-
-*1.1 French
-
-*1.2 Nescafe
-
-*1.3 Frappe
-
-*1.4 Freddo
-
-*1.5 Espresso
-
-*1.6 Cappuccino
-
-
-
-
-
-!!2. Electronic circuit
-
-
-*2.1 Driving voltage -5V from the computer
-
-*2.2 Controlling with a Relay
-
-*2.3 Controlling with TRIAC #1
-
-*2.4 Controlling with TRIAC #2
-
-
-
-
-
-!!3. Software
-
-
-*3.1 Software
-
-*3.2 Device driver
-
-*3.3 Connecting with the Internet
-
-
-
-
-
-!!4. Overdose symptoms
-
-
-
-
-!!5. Expansions
-
-
-
-
-!!6. References
-
-
-
-
-!!7. etc
-
-
-*7.1 preface
-
-*7.2 Authorship and maintenance
-
-*7.3 Copyrights
-
-*7.4 Credits
-
-----
-
-!!1. Menu
-
-!!1.1 French
-
-
-
-Popular coffee among programmers because doesn't need a lot of care;
-like commercial software.
-Its exciting taste has inspired thousands of programmers
-in writing incredible software, written in the very first ours of a day.
-Windows for example was written at 5:00 o'clock in the morning,
-Due to coffee! A result is guaranteed.
-
-
-
-
-!!1.2 Nescafe
-
-
-
- Nescafe is a rather strong coffee, made by pouring hot water
-in a mixture of coffee, sugar and some water.
-You usually take 1 spoon of coffee and 1 spoon of sugar with just
-a bit of water, to mix it. In the meantime you should have the water
-boiling. As soon as the water is hot enough, you mix them all together
-and preferably add milk.
-Although you can use something simpler than a coffee-machine to
-boil the water, I have seen this done many times...
-
-
-
-
-!!1.3 Frappe
-
-
-
-A popular variation of the above mentioned coffee.
-Actually, it doesn't need a coffee-machine, rather a refrigerator for
-cold water and ice-cubes.
-
-
-
-
-!!1.4 Freddo
-
-
-
-This is a difficult one, read coffee-faq (see references)
-
-
-
-
-!!1.5 Espresso
-
-
-
-Espresso is a very strong, italian sort of coffee. You serve it in
-small cups (You ask why? See chapter: Overdose Symptomes) with on
-or to pieces of lump sugar.
-To produce a good espresso you need fresh grinded coffee beans,
-water, lump sugar and a special machine. These machines boil the water
-and press the very hot steam through the grinded coffee beans. You can
-buy a super-duper-automatic machine for a lot of money. But a low
-cost machine is useable, too.
-
-
-OK., lets start. Fill water in your machine. Let it become hot. In the
-meantime fill about 1 teespoon of coffeepowder in the filterhandle of
-your machine. Press the coffeepowder down. Not too much. Now the water
-is at the right temperature. Attach the filterhandle to the machine
-and let the machine work. After about 30 seconds you can serve a
-delicate, hot espresso. It is fine after a good meal. You feel good
-and can code for a few more hours.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-!!1.6 Cappuccino
-
-
-
-(See also chapter: Espresso)
-If you have a more profi-like machine, you can use it, to froth milk
-with it. You need this feature to make a creamy sort of coffee. It is
-easy to prepare. Put some frothed milk in a coffee pot and fill it up
-with espresso. Then decorade with some chokolade flakes. That?s it.
-
-
-
-----
-
-!!2. Electronic circuit
-
-
-A general diagram is like this:
-
-
-
-
-
---------- -5V --------- ~220V ----------------
-| PC |===>===|Circuit|========|Coffee-Machine|
---------- --------- ----------------
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-The concept is that we take a controling voltage from the computer,
-which drives an electrically isolated circuit with a Relay or Triac.
-
-
-
-
-
-You must choose a Relay circuit, if you have a coffee-machine
-greater than 200W. You can use a triac-based one if your coffee machine isn't high power.
-
-
-All circuits presented are tested, but the results are
-YOUR RESPONSIBILITY.
-If you have no experience with electronics you should NOT try
-these, otherwise you may get a bad one...
-
-
-
-
-
-You should be very careful while experimenting with 220V, and using an appropriate fuse is advisable.
-
-
-
-
-!!2.1 Driving voltage -5V from the computer
-
-
-
-Here is a simple example to get a voltage -5V from the parallel
-port of the computer.
-
-
-
-
-
-Back View ----- Pin 10 - ACK
-Male DB-25 | | Pin 9 - D7
-Connector | | Pin 2 - D0
-v v v Pin 1 -
-~Strobe
-____________________________________________________________
-/ \
-\ 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 /
-\ /
-\ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 /
-\______________________________________________________/
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-Pin 1 is Strobe (inverse logic)
-
-
-Pins 2-9 is DATA BUS's signals, exactly what was written to the
-parallel port's latches with an OUTB command.
-
-
-Pin 10 is the acknowledge signal (ACK), controlled by you, so that you can
-produce an interrupt to the CPU.
-
-
-Pins 18-25 are short-circuited and this is the ground (GND).
-
-
-
-
-
-In detail:
-
-
-<= in DB25 Cent Name of Reg
-=> out pin pin Signal Bit Function Notes
------- ---- ---- -------- --- -----------------------------
-=> 1 1 -Strobe C0- Set Low pulse >.5 us to send
-=> 2 2 Data 0 D0 Set to least significant data
-=> 3 3 Data 1 D1 ...
-=> 4 4 Data 2 D2 ...
-=> 5 5 Data 3 D3 ...
-=> 6 6 Data 4 D4 ...
-=> 7 7 Data 5 D5 ...
-=> 8 8 Data 6 D6 ...
-=> 9 9 Data 7 D7 Set to most significant data
-<= 10 10 -Ack S6+ IRQ Low Pulse ~ 5 uS, after accept
-<= 11 11 +Busy S7- High for Busy/Offline/Error
-<= 12 12 +!PaperEnd S5+ High for out of paper
-<= 13 13 +!SelectIn S4+ High for printer selected
-=> 14 14 -!AutoFd C1- Set Low to autofeed one line
-<= 15 32 -Error S3+ Low for Error/Offline/!PaperEnd
-=> 16 31 -Init C2+ Set Low pulse > 50uS to init
-=> 17 36 -Select C3- Set Low to select printer
-== 18-25 19-30, Ground
-
-
-
-
-
-
-!!2.2 Controlling with a Relay
-
-
-
-
-
-
-The simplest circuit that one can build is:
-
-
-Vcc
-|
-+------+
-| __|__
-Relay /^\ Diode 1N4002
-Coil /---\
-| |
-+------+
-|
-| /
-4.7K B |/ C
-parallel port >-\/\/\/\/---| NPN Transistor: BC547A or 2N2222A
-data pi |\ E
-| V
-|
-parallel port >--------------+
-ground pin |
-Ground
-
-
-Connect Vcc with the same voltage as the relay type (usually 5 or 12V).
-Obviously, the relay's specifications should be scaled for your
-coffee-machine.
-
-
-Barmen, tend to put the relay AFTER the transistor, at the
-emitter (E) pin instead of the collector (C) pin. This is bad practice
-because it biases the transistor badly, and may result in bad coffee :-).
-Diode 1N4002 is useful to protect the transistor from the relay's currents.
-If you don't use it the transistor will become dark and smelly...
-
-
-
-
-!!2.3 Controlling with TRIAC #1
-
-
-
-If you only want a simple circuit, you can use Motorola's
-triac driver MOC301
[[012
], together with a general purpose TRIAC like SC141D.
-This method has the advantage that you don't need an extra power supply.
-
-
-
-
-
-For non-inductive loads, this is the circuitry:
-
-
-270 1 +-------+ 6 180
-+5v -VAVAVA-----+ +----VAVAVA-----+-------------- Line Hot
-2 | MOC | |
-TTL in ---------+ 3012 +nc VA SC141D
-| | 4 / |
-nc+ +------------/ |
-+-------+ +----\/\/\/---- Line Neutral
-LOAD
-
-
-
-
-If you are going to work with 220V, try to obtain a 3021.
-Inductive loads should be used in conjuction with bypass capacitors,
-see ''Motorola Application Note AN-780''.
-Coffee-machines are mainly resistive loads and not inductive (like a motor),
-but who knows what yours is!
-
-
-
-
-!!2.4 Controlling with TRIAC #2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-+5VDC
-| 180 180 2.2k
-+---/\/\/\----+-----+ +----/\/\/-+--/\/\/\---+-------> 120V
-| 1| |6 | | Hot
-| +=====+ | | MT1
-| | MC | TRIAC | +-+
-| | 3032| Driver | G | | TRIAC
-| +=====+ | /| |
-\ 2| |4 | / +-+
-2N3904 |----+ | | | | MT2
-/ | +--------- | -------+ |
-V \ | | |
-| / | \ |
-| \ 43 .01u --- 10k / |
-| / 500V --- \ |
-| | | / |
-+------+ | | | Neutral
-| +--------+--+---o o--> 120V
-/ load
->-/\/\--| 2N3904
-\
-V
-|
----
-///
-You should change resistors accordingly for 220V.
-
-
-
-
-Circuit description:
-
-
-The MC3032 is an optoisolator TRIAC driver.
-The 180-ohm resistor sets the current for the LED emitter in the optoisolator.
-Change the value of this resistor - if necessary - to get a reasonable current
-(e.g., 15 mA).
-
-
-Note that you cannot test this circuit without a load.
-The TRIAC will not switch unless connected to an AC
-voltage source, so you can't test it for simple switching without applying AC
-and a load. Note the 500V rating on the .01 cap.
-
-
-
-----
-
-!!3. Software
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-!!3.1 Software
-
-
-
-You will have to build an executable that will work like this:
-
-
-*Get permission to use I/O address space, by calling kernel, with
-the command __ioperm__: eg ''ioperm( BASE, range ,1); ''
-*
-
-*Perform an out request instruction, to set the -5V voltage to the
-parallel port, eg ''outb( 1, BASE );''
-*
-
-*Wait enough time so the coffee is made. It would be nice
-if that time is read by looking at the command line.
-*
-
-*Then it will turn off the coffee-machine: outb( 0 , BASE );
-*
-
-*Before ending it should give back the parallel port with a ''ioperm( BASE, range, );''
-*
-
-Change BASE = 0x3bc for /dev/lp0, 0x378 for /dev/lp1, and 0x278
-for /dev/lp2, range=8.
-
-
-
-
-
-It would be useful if you had that program setuid,
-so that everybody can drink coffee!
-
-
-
-
-!!3.2 Device driver
-
-
-
-
-
-
-Just read
-kernel hacker's guide,
-implement a device driver (it could even be user space I think).
-Please compile it as a module, so that we won't need a
-kernel compile in every update.
-Then write:
-
-
-
-
-echo cappuccino >/dev/coffee
-
-
-
-And you will have a hot cup of coffee in minutes!
-Remember to give the right permission to /dev/coffee,
-depending on whether you want only root making coffee or not.
-
-
-
-
-
-The advantage of this method is that it supports feedback
-from the coffee-machine by using the ACK of parallel port,
-so that smart coffee-machines could produce an interrupt.
-
-
-
-
-
-Do it as homework.
-
-
-
-
-!!3.3 Connecting with the Internet
-
-
-
-If you have implemented the C program (see above),
-you just have to write a simple CGI script to turn ON and OFF
-the coffee-machine.
-You should write some nice webpages, explaining how to make coffee,
-and put them on an __apache__ web server...
-
-
-
-----
-
-!!4. Overdose symptoms
-
-
-
-
-
-*excitement
-*
-
-*nervousness
-*
-
-*insomnia
-*
-
-*tachycardia or cardiac arhythmia
-*
-
-*restlessness
-*
-
-*Hypersensibility to light
-*
-
-*Annoyance in respect with various audio stimuli
-*
-
-*gastrointestinal disturbance
-*
-
-
-
-
-----
-
-!!5. Expansions
-
-
-These are our ideas:
-
-
-*All hardware and software described
here, can be expanded so that
-it will support toast, beaf, applepies, etc.
-*
-
-*Cluster with 8 coffee-machines. This will let you have coffee
-even when the first one gets off. Of course there will be a perfomance hit.
-*
-
-*Parallel vector coffee-machine will be a future release.
-*
-
-*If you want the maximum automation you'll need more circuits and
-sensors, so that you can control water flow, temperature, coffee
-quantity etc.
-*
-
-*In the near future we will implement SNMP features.
-*
-
-*Serial coffee-machine at 115Kbps.
-*
-
-
-
-
-----
-
-!!6. References
-
-
-
-
-
-*
-http://daisy.uwaterloo.ca/~alopez-o/caffaq.html
-This is most known Internet's __Coffee-FAQ__
-*
-
-*
-http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/caff.html
-Caffeine and effects of on the Nervous System
-*
-
-*
-http://www.gardfoods.com/coffee/coffee.coffee.htm
-A pretty comprehensive, if informal, history of humans' interaction
-with the coffee plant. People have been chewing coffee berries in
-Africa for 100,000 years or so. Coffee was definitely growing in
-Yemen, where it is not native (so must have been planted), in 525 AD.
-*
-
-*
-http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2324.html
-RFC2324: Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol (HTCPCP/1.)
-*
-
-*
-http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2325.html
-RFC2325: Definitions of Managed Objects for
-Drip-Type Heated Beverage Hardware Devices using SMIv2
-*
-
-*
-http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/mini/IO-Port-Programming
-Programming of I/O ports under popular operating system Linux.
-*
-
-*
-http://lonestar.texas.net/~andrew/f_pc_.htm
-A lot of circuits in ASCII. Some of them are for parallel port.
-*
-
-*
-http://shell.rmi.net/~hisys/parport.html
-Whatever you wanted to learn about a parallel port and didn't dare to ask.
-*
-
-*
-http://www.redhat.com:8080/!HyperNews/get/khg.html
-How to write your own device drivers. Come on, go ahead!
-*
-
-*
-http://www.hut.fi/Misc/Electronics/circuits/parallel_output.html
-Tomi Engdahl's web page is a *must see* for everyone who enjoys electronics.
-*
-
-*
-http://dir.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Internet/ Devices_Connected_to_the_Internet/Coffee_Machines/
-Coffee-machines on-line. Unfortunatelly, there are no tests.
-*
-
-*
-http://www.cs.su.oz.au/~bob/coffee.html
-This coffee-machine offers only cappuccino. It has to be upgraded.
-*
-
-*
-http://einstein.et.tudelft.nl/~janssen/
-Hot coffee from Netherlands.
-*
-
-*
-http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/coffee/coffee.html
-*
-
-*
-http://www.cs.su.oz.au/~bob/Coffee/index.html
-*
-
-*
-http://www.menet.umn.edu/coffeecam/
-*
-
-
-
-
-----
-
-!!7. etc
-
-!!7.1 preface
-
-
-
-This document was initially written as part of
-a small debate in the linux-greek-users list ,
-whether linux can make coffee or not.
-It has been an article in our beautiful online magazine
-about Linux called
-magaz.
-Remember, that magaz is greek it will look like that to you.
-
-
-
-
-!!7.2 Authorship and maintenance
-
-
-
-My name is
-Fotis Georgatos
-and I have also been in the past busy with the greek documentation and wwwpages maintainance.
-I welcome submissions to this HOWTO, as long as you're not anxious about the changes.
-
-
-I'm Annie Pinder and a coffee fan. I live in England. I made the language changes on this document.
-I'm currently in the English equivalent of High School, in my final compulsory year.
-
-
-
-
-!!7.3 Copyrights
-
-
-
-The casual copyright with everything you get with linux...
-To find it, you'll have to read all of HOWTOs and average out the most common.
-Otherwise, no, you cannot copy it.
-
-
-
-
-!!7.4 Credits
-
-
-
-
-
-
-*Ethiopia: Identified as the originating country of coffee.
-As many people corrected, coffee did not originally come from America
-nor was brought by Christofer Colombus. It was popular in the Middle East long
-before America was discovered. Still, we can remember
-Cristobal Colon, as the person who brought tobacco and chocolate in Europe.
-*
-
-* Kostas Lialiambis is the one who dared saying that he can't make
-coffee with his Linux box.
-*
-
-* Panagiotis Vrionis, Yannakopoulos Haralambos, for giving me
-interesting and humorous notes.
-*
-
-* NUMEROUS people on the internet with additions and remarks
.
-*
-
-----
+Describe
[HowToCoffee
] here.
