Acronym for Forward Error Correction
Forward error correction is sending extra information along with some data so if any of it gets corrupted then the original data can be reconstructed. Hamming codes are a simple form of Forward error correction and can correct all 1 bit errors, and detect all 2 bit errors. Reed solomon codes can (I believe) correct up to about 25% of errors with a 33% overhead.
One page links to FEC:
