A program which is already compiled into binary form. Many inferior operating systems only distribute Binary executables of their programs and operating systems.
Confusion arises when your program compiles to a VM or other intermediate code, such as java's class files. Then your program isn't compiled to a "binary executable" (because it's not directly executable), but it is compiled, and the file it is compiled into is definately binary, and you can execute it with help of the VM.
