version 1 showing authors affecting page license.
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perry |
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TERMIOS |
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!!!TERMIOS |
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NAME |
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SYNOPSIS |
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DESCRIPTION |
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RETURN VALUE |
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SEE ALSO |
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---- |
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!!NAME |
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termios, tcgetattr, tcsetattr, tcsendbreak, tcdrain, tcflush, tcflow, cfmakeraw, cfgetospeed, cfgetispeed, cfsetispeed, cfsetospeed, tcgetpgrp, tcsetpgrp - get and set terminal attributes, line control, get and set baud rate, get and set terminal foreground process group ID |
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!!SYNOPSIS |
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__#include __ |
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#include __ |
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__int tcgetattr ( int__ ''fd''__, struct termios |
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*__''termios_p'' __);__ |
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__int tcsetattr ( int__ ''fd''__, int__ |
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''optional_actions''__, struct termios |
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*__''termios_p'' __);__ |
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__int tcsendbreak ( int__ ''fd''__, int__ |
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''duration'' __);__ |
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__int tcdrain ( int__ ''fd'' __);__ |
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__int tcflush ( int__ ''fd''__, int__ |
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''queue_selector'' __);__ |
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__int tcflow ( int__ ''fd''__, int__ ''action'' |
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__);__ |
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__int cfmakeraw ( struct termios *__''termios_p'' |
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__);__ |
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__speed_t cfgetospeed ( struct termios |
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*__''termios_p'' __);__ |
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__int cfsetospeed ( struct termios |
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*__''termios_p''__, speed_t__ ''speed'' |
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__);__ |
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__speed_t cfgetispeed ( struct termios |
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*__''termios_p'' __);__ |
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__int cfsetispeed ( struct termios |
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*__''termios_p''__, speed_t__ ''speed'' |
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__);__ |
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__pid_t tcgetpgrp ( int__ ''fd'' |
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__);__ |
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__int tcsetpgrp ( int__ ''fd''__, pid_t__ |
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''pgrpid'' __);__ |
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!!DESCRIPTION |
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The termios functions describe a general terminal interface |
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that is provided to control asynchronous communications |
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ports. |
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Many of the functions described here have a ''termios_p'' |
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argument that is a pointer to a __termios__ structure. |
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This structure contains the following members: |
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84 |
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tcflag_t ''c_iflag''; /* input modes */ |
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tcflag_t ''c_oflag''; /* output modes */ |
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tcflag_t ''c_cflag''; /* control modes */ |
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tcflag_t ''c_lflag''; /* local modes */ |
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cc_t ''c_cc''[[__NCCS__]; /* control chars */ |
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''c_iflag'' flag constants: |
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__IGNBRK__ |
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ignore BREAK condition on input |
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__BRKINT__ |
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If __IGNBRK__ is not set, generate __SIGINT__ on BREAK |
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condition, else read BREAK as character 0. |
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__IGNPAR__ |
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ignore framing errors and parity errors. |
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__PARMRK__ |
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if __IGNPAR__ is not set, prefix a character with a |
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parity error or framing error with 377 0. If neither |
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__IGNPAR__ nor __PARMRK__ is set, read a character |
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with a parity error or framing error as 0. |
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__INPCK__ |
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enable input parity checking |
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128 |
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__ISTRIP__ |
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strip off eighth bit |
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__INLCR__ |
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translate NL to CR on input |
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__IGNCR__ |
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ignore carriage return on input |
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__ICRNL__ |
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translate carriage return to newline on input (unless |
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__IGNCR__ is set) |
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__IUCLC__ |
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156 |
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map uppercase characters to lowercase on input |
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158 |
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159 |
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__IXON__ |
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162 |
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enable XON/XOFF flow control on output |
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165 |
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__IXANY__ |
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168 |
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enable any character to restart output |
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171 |
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__IXOFF__ |
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173 |
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174 |
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enable XON/XOFF flow control on input |
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177 |
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__IMAXBEL__ |
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180 |
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ring bell when input queue is full |
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183 |
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''c_oflag'' flag constants: |
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__OPOST__ |
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enable implementation-defined output processing |
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__OLCUC__ |
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map lowercase characters to uppercase on output |
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__ONLCR__ |
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201 |
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map NL to CR-NL on output |
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__OCRNL__ |
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map CR to NL on output |
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__ONOCR__ |
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don't output CR at column 0 |
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__ONLRET__ |
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219 |
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don't output CR |
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222 |
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__OFILL__ |
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225 |
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send fill characters for a delay, rather than using a timed |
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delay |
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__OFDEL__ |
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fill character is ASCII DEL. If unset, fill character is |
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ASCII NUL |
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__NLDLY__ |
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newline delay mask. Values are __NL0__ and |
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__NL1__. |
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__CRDLY__ |
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carriage return delay mask. Values are __CR0__, |
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__CR1__, __CR2__, or __CR3__. |
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__TABDLY__ |
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horizontal tab delay mask. Values are __TAB0__, |
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__TAB1__, __TAB2__, __TAB3__, or __XTABS__. A |
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value of XTABS expands tabs to spaces (with tab stops every |
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eight columns). |
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__BSDLY__ |
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backspace delay mask. Values are __BS0__ or |
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__BS1__. |
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__VTDLY__ |
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vertical tab delay mask. Values are __VT0__ or |
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__VT1__. |
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__FFDLY__ |
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276 |
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form feed delay mask. Values are __FF0__ or |
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__FF1__. |
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279 |
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280 |
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''c_cflag'' flag constants: |
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283 |
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__CSIZE__ |
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character size mask. Values are __CS5__, __CS6__, |
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__CS7__, or __CS8__. |
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290 |
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__CSTOPB__ |
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set two stop bits, rather than one. |
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__CREAD__ |
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enable receiver. |
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__PARENB__ |
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enable parity generation on output and parity checking for |
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input. |
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__PARODD__ |
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parity for input and output is odd. |
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__HUPCL__ |
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lower modem control lines after last process closes the |
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device (hang up). |
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__CLOCAL__ |
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ignore modem control lines |
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__CIBAUD__ |
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mask for input speeds (not used). |
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__CRTSCTS__ |
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flow control. |
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''c_lflag'' flag constants: |
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__ISIG__ |
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when any of the characters INTR, QUIT, SUSP, or DSUSP are |
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received, generate the corresponding signal. |
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__ICANON__ |
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353 |
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enable canonical mode. This enables the special characters |
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EOF, EOL, EOL2, ERASE, KILL, REPRINT, STATUS, and WERASE, |
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and buffers by lines. |
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358 |
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__XCASE__ |
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if __ICANON__ is also set, terminal is uppercase only. |
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Input is converted to lowercase, except for characters |
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preceded by . On output, uppercase characters are preceded |
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by \ and lowercase characters are converted to |
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uppercase. |
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367 |
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368 |
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__ECHO__ |
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370 |
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371 |
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echo input characters. |
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__ECHOE__ |
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if __ICANON__ is also set, the ERASE character erases the |
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preceding input character, and WERASE erases the preceding |
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word. |
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381 |
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382 |
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__ECHOK__ |
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384 |
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385 |
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if __ICANON__ is also set, the KILL character erases the |
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current line. |
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388 |
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389 |
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__ECHONL__ |
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391 |
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392 |
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if __ICANON__ is also set, echo the NL character even if |
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ECHO is not set. |
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395 |
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396 |
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__ECHOCTL__ |
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398 |
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399 |
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if __ECHO__ is also set, ASCII control signals other than |
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TAB, NL, START, and STOP are echoed as ^X, where X is the |
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character with ASCII code 0x40 greater than the control |
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signal. For example, character 0x08 (BS) is echoed as |
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^H. |
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405 |
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406 |
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__ECHOPRT__ |
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408 |
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409 |
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if __ICANON__ and __IECHO__ are also set, characters |
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are printed as they are being erased. |
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412 |
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413 |
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__ECHOKE__ |
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416 |
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if __ICANON__ is also set, KILL is echoed by erasing each |
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character on the line, as specified by __ECHOE__ and |
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__ECHOPRT__. |
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420 |
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421 |
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__FLUSHO__ |
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423 |
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424 |
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output is being flushed. This flag is toggled by typing the |
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426 |
DISCARD character. |
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427 |
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428 |
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429 |
__NOFLSH__ |
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430 |
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431 |
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432 |
disable flushing the input and output queues when generating |
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the SIGINT and SIGQUIT signals, and flushing the input queue |
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when generating the SIGSUSP signal. |
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435 |
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436 |
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__TOSTOP__ |
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438 |
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439 |
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440 |
send the SIGTTOU signal to the process group of a background |
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441 |
process which tries to write to its controlling |
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442 |
terminal. |
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443 |
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__PENDIN__ |
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446 |
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447 |
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all characters in the input queue are reprinted when the |
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next character is read. (__bash__ handles typeahead this |
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way.) |
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451 |
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452 |
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453 |
__IEXTEN__ |
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454 |
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455 |
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456 |
enable implementation-defined input processing. |
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457 |
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458 |
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459 |
The ''c_cc'' array defines the special control |
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460 |
characters. The symbolic indices (and meaning: initial |
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461 |
values) are: VINTR (interrupt character: 0177, DEL, rubout), |
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462 |
VQUIT (quit character: 034, FS, Ctrl-), VERASE (erase |
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463 |
character: 010, BS, Ctrl-H), VKILL (kill character: 025, |
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464 |
NAK, Ctrl-U), VEOF (end-of-file character: 004, EOT, |
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465 |
Ctrl-D), VMIN, VEOL (additional end-of-line character: 0, |
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466 |
NUL), VTIME, VEOL2 (yet another end-of-line character: 0, |
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467 |
NUL), VSWTCH (switch character: 0, NUL), VSTART (start |
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468 |
character: 021, DC1, Ctrl-Q), VSTOP (stop character: 023, |
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469 |
DC3, Ctrl-S), VSUSP (suspend character: 032, SUB, Ctrl-Z), |
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470 |
VDSUSP (delayed suspend character: 031, EM, Ctrl-Y), VLNEXT |
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471 |
(literal next: 026, SYN, Ctrl-V), VWERASE (word erase: 027, |
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472 |
ETB, Ctrl-W), VREPRINT (reprint unread characters: 022, DC2, |
|
|
473 |
Ctrl-R), VDISCARD (discard pending output: 017, SI, |
|
|
474 |
Ctrl-O). |
|
|
475 |
|
|
|
476 |
|
|
|
477 |
These symbolic subscript values are all different, except |
|
|
478 |
that VTIME, VMIN may have the same value as VEOL, VEOF, |
|
|
479 |
respectively. (In non-canonical mode the special character |
|
|
480 |
meaning is replaced by the timeout meaning. MIN represents |
|
|
481 |
the minimum number of characters that should be received to |
|
|
482 |
satisfy the read. TIME is a decisecond-valued timer. When |
|
|
483 |
both are set, a read will wait until at least one character |
|
|
484 |
has been received, and then return as soon as either MIN |
|
|
485 |
characters have been received or time TIME has passed since |
|
|
486 |
the last character was received. If only MIN is set, the |
|
|
487 |
read will not return before MIN characters have been |
|
|
488 |
received. If only TIME is set, the read will return as soon |
|
|
489 |
as either at least one character has been received, or the |
|
|
490 |
timer times out. If neither is set, the read will return |
|
|
491 |
immediately, only giving the currently already available |
|
|
492 |
characters.) |
|
|
493 |
|
|
|
494 |
|
|
|
495 |
__tcgetattr()__ gets the parameters associated with the |
|
|
496 |
object referred by ''fd'' and stores them in the |
|
|
497 |
__termios__ structure referenced by ''termios_p''. |
|
|
498 |
This function may be invoked from a background process; |
|
|
499 |
however, the terminal attributes may be subsequently changed |
|
|
500 |
by a foreground process. |
|
|
501 |
|
|
|
502 |
|
|
|
503 |
__tcsetattr()__ sets the parameters associated with the |
|
|
504 |
terminal (unless support is required from the underlying |
|
|
505 |
hardware that is not available) from the __termios__ |
|
|
506 |
structure referred to by ''termios_p''. |
|
|
507 |
''optional_actions'' specifies when the changes take |
|
|
508 |
effect: |
|
|
509 |
|
|
|
510 |
|
|
|
511 |
__TCSANOW__ |
|
|
512 |
|
|
|
513 |
|
|
|
514 |
the change occurs immediately. |
|
|
515 |
|
|
|
516 |
|
|
|
517 |
__TCSADRAIN__ |
|
|
518 |
|
|
|
519 |
|
|
|
520 |
the change occurs after all output written to ''fd'' has |
|
|
521 |
been transmitted. This function should be used when changing |
|
|
522 |
parameters that affect output. |
|
|
523 |
|
|
|
524 |
|
|
|
525 |
__TCSAFLUSH__ |
|
|
526 |
|
|
|
527 |
|
|
|
528 |
the change occurs after all output written to the object |
|
|
529 |
referred by ''fd'' has been transmitted, and all input |
|
|
530 |
that has been received but not read will be discarded before |
|
|
531 |
the change is made. |
|
|
532 |
|
|
|
533 |
|
|
|
534 |
__tcsendbreak()__ transmits a continuous stream of |
|
|
535 |
zero-valued bits for a specific duration, if the terminal is |
|
|
536 |
using asynchronous serial data transmission. If |
|
|
537 |
''duration'' is zero, it transmits zero-valued bits for |
|
|
538 |
at least 0.25 seconds, and not more that 0.5 seconds. If |
|
|
539 |
''duration'' is not zero, it sends zero-valued bits for |
|
|
540 |
''duration''__*__''N'' seconds, where ''N'' is |
|
|
541 |
at least 0.25, and not more than 0.5. |
|
|
542 |
|
|
|
543 |
|
|
|
544 |
If the terminal is not using asynchronous serial data |
|
|
545 |
transmission, __tcsendbreak()__ returns without taking |
|
|
546 |
any action. |
|
|
547 |
|
|
|
548 |
|
|
|
549 |
__tcdrain()__ waits until all output written to the |
|
|
550 |
object referred to by ''fd'' has been |
|
|
551 |
transmitted. |
|
|
552 |
|
|
|
553 |
|
|
|
554 |
__tcflush()__ discards data written to the object |
|
|
555 |
referred to by ''fd'' but not transmitted, or data |
|
|
556 |
received but not read, depending on the value of |
|
|
557 |
''queue_selector'': |
|
|
558 |
|
|
|
559 |
|
|
|
560 |
__TCIFLUSH__ |
|
|
561 |
|
|
|
562 |
|
|
|
563 |
flushes data received but not read. |
|
|
564 |
|
|
|
565 |
|
|
|
566 |
__TCOFLUSH__ |
|
|
567 |
|
|
|
568 |
|
|
|
569 |
flushes data written but not transmitted. |
|
|
570 |
|
|
|
571 |
|
|
|
572 |
__TCIOFLUSH__ |
|
|
573 |
|
|
|
574 |
|
|
|
575 |
flushes both data received but not read, and data written |
|
|
576 |
but not transmitted. |
|
|
577 |
|
|
|
578 |
|
|
|
579 |
__tcflow()__ suspends transmission or reception of data |
|
|
580 |
on the object referred to by ''fd'', depending on the |
|
|
581 |
value of ''action'': |
|
|
582 |
|
|
|
583 |
|
|
|
584 |
__TCOOFF__ |
|
|
585 |
|
|
|
586 |
|
|
|
587 |
suspends output. |
|
|
588 |
|
|
|
589 |
|
|
|
590 |
__TCOON__ |
|
|
591 |
|
|
|
592 |
|
|
|
593 |
restarts suspended output. |
|
|
594 |
|
|
|
595 |
|
|
|
596 |
__TCIOFF__ |
|
|
597 |
|
|
|
598 |
|
|
|
599 |
transmits a STOP character, which stops the terminal device |
|
|
600 |
from transmitting data to the system. |
|
|
601 |
|
|
|
602 |
|
|
|
603 |
__TCION__ |
|
|
604 |
|
|
|
605 |
|
|
|
606 |
transmits a START character, which starts the terminal |
|
|
607 |
device transmitting data to the system. |
|
|
608 |
|
|
|
609 |
|
|
|
610 |
The default on open of a terminal file is that neither its |
|
|
611 |
input nor its output is suspended. |
|
|
612 |
|
|
|
613 |
|
|
|
614 |
The baud rate functions are provided for getting and setting |
|
|
615 |
the values of the input and output baud rates in the |
|
|
616 |
__termios__ structure. The new values do not take effect |
|
|
617 |
until __tcsetattr()__ is successfully |
|
|
618 |
called. |
|
|
619 |
|
|
|
620 |
|
|
|
621 |
Setting the speed to __B0__ instructs the modem to |
|
|
622 |
__B38400__ may be altered with |
|
|
623 |
setserial(8). |
|
|
624 |
|
|
|
625 |
|
|
|
626 |
The input and output baud rates are stored in the |
|
|
627 |
__termios__ structure. |
|
|
628 |
|
|
|
629 |
|
|
|
630 |
__cfmakeraw__ sets the terminal attributes as |
|
|
631 |
follows: |
|
|
632 |
|
|
|
633 |
|
|
|
634 |
termios_p- |
|
|
635 |
__cfgetospeed()__ returns the output baud rate stored in the __termios__ structure pointed to by ''termios_p''. |
|
|
636 |
|
|
|
637 |
|
|
|
638 |
__cfsetospeed()__ sets the output baud rate stored in the |
|
|
639 |
__termios__ structure pointed to by ''termios_p'' to |
|
|
640 |
''speed'', which must be one of these |
|
|
641 |
constants: |
|
|
642 |
|
|
|
643 |
|
|
|
644 |
__ B0 |
|
|
645 |
B50 |
|
|
646 |
B75 |
|
|
647 |
B110 |
|
|
648 |
B134 |
|
|
649 |
B150 |
|
|
650 |
B200 |
|
|
651 |
B300 |
|
|
652 |
B600 |
|
|
653 |
B1200 |
|
|
654 |
B1800 |
|
|
655 |
B2400 |
|
|
656 |
B4800 |
|
|
657 |
B9600 |
|
|
658 |
B19200 |
|
|
659 |
B38400 |
|
|
660 |
B57600 |
|
|
661 |
B115200 |
|
|
662 |
B230400 |
|
|
663 |
__The zero baud rate, __B0__, is used to terminate the connection. If B0 is specified, the modem control lines shall no longer be asserted. Normally, this will disconnect the line. __CBAUDEX__ is a mask for the speeds beyond those defined in POSIX.1 (57600 and above). Thus, __B57600__ __CBAUDEX__ is nonzero. |
|
|
664 |
|
|
|
665 |
|
|
|
666 |
__cfgetispeed()__ returns the input baud rate stored in |
|
|
667 |
the __termios__ structure. |
|
|
668 |
|
|
|
669 |
|
|
|
670 |
__cfsetispeed()__ sets the input baud rate stored in the |
|
|
671 |
__termios__ structure to ''speed''. If the input baud |
|
|
672 |
rate is set to zero, the input baud rate will be equal to |
|
|
673 |
the output baud rate. |
|
|
674 |
|
|
|
675 |
|
|
|
676 |
__tcgetpgrp()__ returns process group ID of foreground |
|
|
677 |
processing group, or -1 on error. |
|
|
678 |
|
|
|
679 |
|
|
|
680 |
__tcsetpgrp()__ sets process group ID to ''pgrpid''. |
|
|
681 |
''pgrpid'' must be the ID of a process group in the same |
|
|
682 |
session. |
|
|
683 |
!!RETURN VALUE |
|
|
684 |
|
|
|
685 |
|
|
|
686 |
__cfgetispeed()__ returns the input baud rate stored in |
|
|
687 |
the __termios__ structure. |
|
|
688 |
|
|
|
689 |
|
|
|
690 |
__cfgetospeed()__ returns the output baud rate stored in |
|
|
691 |
the __termios__ structure. |
|
|
692 |
|
|
|
693 |
|
|
|
694 |
__tcgetpgrp()__ returns process group ID of foreground |
|
|
695 |
processing group, or -1 on error. |
|
|
696 |
|
|
|
697 |
|
|
|
698 |
All other functions return: |
|
|
699 |
|
|
|
700 |
|
|
|
701 |
0 |
|
|
702 |
|
|
|
703 |
|
|
|
704 |
on success. |
|
|
705 |
|
|
|
706 |
|
|
|
707 |
-1 |
|
|
708 |
|
|
|
709 |
|
|
|
710 |
on failure and set ''errno'' to indicate the |
|
|
711 |
error. |
|
|
712 |
!!SEE ALSO |
|
|
713 |
|
|
|
714 |
|
|
|
715 |
setserial(8) |
|
|
716 |
---- |