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1 perry 1 STRPTIME
2 !!!STRPTIME
3 NAME
4 SYNOPSIS
5 DESCRIPTION
6 RETURN VALUE
7 NOTES
8 SEE ALSO
9 ----
10 !!NAME
11
12
13 strptime - convert a string representation of time to a time tm structure
14 !!SYNOPSIS
15
16
17 __#define _XOPEN_SOURCE__ /* glibc2 needs this */__
18 #include
19
20
21 __char *strptime(const char *__''s''__, const char
22 *__''format''__, struct tm
23 *__''tm''__);__
24 !!DESCRIPTION
25
26
27 __strptime()__ is the complementary function to
28 __strftime()__ and converts the character string pointed
29 to by ''s'' to values which are stored in the __tm__
30 structure pointed to by ''tm'', using the format
31 specified by ''format''. Here ''format'' is a
32 character string that consists of field descriptors and text
33 characters, reminiscent of scanf(3). Each field
34 descriptor consists of a __%__ character followed by
35 another character that specifies the replacement for the
36 field descriptor. All other characters in the ''format''
37 string must have a matching character in the input string.
38 Exceptions are white spaces in the format string which can
39 match zero or more white space characters in the input
40 string.
41
42
43 The __strptime()__ function processes the input string
44 from right to left. Each of the three possible input
45 elements (white space, literal, or format) are handled one
46 after the other. If the input cannot be matched to the
47 format string the function stops. The remainder of the
48 format and input strings are not processed.
49
50
51 The following field descriptors are supported:
52
53
54 __%%__
55
56
57 the __%__ character
58
59
60 __%a__ or __%A__
61
62
63 day of week, using locale's weekday names; either the
64 abbreviated or full name may be specified
65
66
67 __%b__ or __%B__ or __%h__
68
69
70 month, using locale's month names; either the abbreviated or
71 full name may be specified
72
73
74 __%c__
75
76
77 date and time as %x %X
78
79
80 __%C__
81
82
83 date and time, in locale's long-format date and time
84 representation
85
86
87 __%d__ or __%e__
88
89
90 day of month (1-31; leading zeroes are permitted but not
91 required)
92
93
94 __%D__
95
96
97 date as %m/%d/%y
98
99
100 __%H__ or __%k__
101
102
103 hour (0-23; leading zeroes are permitted but not
104 required)
105
106
107 __%I__ or __%l__
108
109
110 hour (0-12; leading zeroes are permitted but not
111 required)
112
113
114 __%j__
115
116
117 day number of year (001-366)
118
119
120 __%m__
121
122
123 month number (1-12; leading zeroes are permitted but not
124 required)
125
126
127 __%M__
128
129
130 minute (0-59; leading zeroes are permitted but not
131 required)
132
133
134 __%p__
135
136
137 locale's equivalent of AM or
138 PM
139
140
141 __%r__
142
143
144 time as %I:%M:%S %p
145
146
147 __%R__
148
149
150 time as %H:%M
151
152
153 __%S__
154
155
156 seconds (0-61; leading zeroes are permitted but not
157 required. Extra second allowed for leap years)
158
159
160 __%T__
161
162
163 time as %H:%M:%S
164
165
166 __%w__
167
168
169 weekday number (0-6) with Sunday as the first day of the
170 week
171
172
173 __%x__
174
175
176 date, using locale's date format
177
178
179 __%X__
180
181
182 time, using locale's time format
183
184
185 __%y__
186
187
188 year within century (0-99; leading zeroes are permitted but
189 not required. When a century is not otherwise specified,
190 values in the range 69-99 refer to years in the twentieth
191 century (1969 to 1999 inclusive); values in the range 00-68
192 refer to years in the twenty-first century (2000 to 2068
193 inclusive).
194
195
196 __%Y__
197
198
199 year, including century (for example, 1988)
200
201
202 Case is ignored when matching items such as month or weekday
203 names.
204
205
206 Some field descriptors can be modified by the E and O
207 modifier characters to indicate that an alternative format
208 or specification should be used. If the alternative format
209 or specification does not exist in the current locale, the
210 unmodified field descriptors is used.
211
212
213 The E modifier specifies that the input string may contain
214 alternative locale-dependent versions of the date and time
215 representation:
216
217
218 __%Ec__
219
220
221 the locale's alternative date and time
222 representation.
223
224
225 __%EC__
226
227
228 the name of the base year (period) in the locale's
229 alternative representation.
230
231
232 __%Ex__
233
234
235 the locale's alternative date representation.
236
237
238 __%EX__
239
240
241 the locale's alternative time representation.
242
243
244 __%Ey__
245
246
247 the offset from %EC (year only) in the locale's alternative
248 representation.
249
250
251 __%EY__
252
253
254 the full alternative year representation.
255
256
257 The O modifier specifies that the numerical input may be in
258 an alternative locale-dependent format:
259
260
261 __%Od__ or __%Oe__
262
263
264 the day of the month using the locale's alternative numeric
265 symbols; leading zeros are permitted but not
266 required.
267
268
269 __%OH__
270
271
272 the hour (24-hour clock) using the locale's alternative
273 numeric symbols.
274
275
276 __%OI__
277
278
279 the hour (12-hour clock) using the locale's alternative
280 numeric symbols.
281
282
283 __%Om__
284
285
286 the month using the locale's alternative numeric
287 symbols.
288
289
290 __%OM__
291
292
293 the minutes using the locale's alternative numeric
294 symbols.
295
296
297 __%OS__
298
299
300 the seconds using the locale's alternative numeric
301 symbols.
302
303
304 __%OU__
305
306
307 the week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the
308 week) using the locale's alternative numeric
309 symbols.
310
311
312 __%Ow__
313
314
315 the number of the weekday (Sunday=0) using the locale's
316 alternative numeric symbols.
317
318
319 __%OW__
320
321
322 the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the
323 week) using the locale's alternative numeric
324 symbols.
325
326
327 __%Oy__
328
329
330 the year (offset from %C) using the locale's alternative
331 numeric symbols.
332
333
334 The broken-down time structure ''tm'' is defined in
335 '''' as follows:
336
337
338 struct tm
339 {
340 int tm_sec; /* seconds */
341 int tm_min; /* minutes */
342 int tm_hour; /* hours */
343 int tm_mday; /* day of the month */
344 int tm_mon; /* month */
345 int tm_year; /* year */
346 int tm_wday; /* day of the week */
347 int tm_yday; /* day in the year */
348 int tm_isdst; /* daylight saving time */
349 };
350 !!RETURN VALUE
351
352
353 The return value of the function is a pointer to the first
354 character not processed in this function call. In case the
355 input string contains more characters than required by the
356 format string the return value points right after the last
357 consumed input character. In case the whole input string is
358 consumed the return value points to the NUL byte at the end
359 of the string. If __strptime()__ fails to match all of
360 the format string and therefore an error occurred the
361 function returns __NULL__.
362 !!NOTES
363
364
365 In principle, this function does not initialize __tm__
366 but only stores the values specified. This means that
367 __tm__ should be initialized before the call. Details
368 differ a bit between different Unix systems. The GNU libc
369 implementation does not touch those fields which are not
370 explicitly specified, except that it recomputes the
371 ''tm_wday'' and ''tm_yday'' field if any of the year,
372 month, or day elements changed.
373
374
375 This function is available since libc 4.6.8. Linux libc4 and
376 libc5 includes define the prototype unconditionally; glibc2
377 includes provide a prototype only when _XOPEN_SOURCE or
378 _GNU_SOURCE are defined. The E and O locale modifier
379 characters are accepted since libc 5.4.13. The 'y' (year in
380 century) specification is taken to specify a year in the
381 20th century by libc4 and libc5. It is taken to be a year in
382 the range 1950-2049 by glibc 2.0. It is taken to be a year
383 in 1969-2068 by glibc 2.1.
384 !!SEE ALSO
385
386
387 time(2), scanf(3), setlocale(3),
388 strftime(3)
389 ----
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