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RCSFILE
!!!RCSFILE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
IDENTIFICATION
SEE ALSO
----
./rcsfile.5in.
!!NAME


rcsfile - format of RCS file
!!DESCRIPTION


An RCS file's contents are described by the
grammar below.


The text is free format: space, backspace, tab, newline,
vertical tab, form feed, and carriage return (collectively,
''white space'') have no significance except in strings.
However, white space cannot appear within an id, num, or
sym, and an RCS file must end with a
newline.


Strings are enclosed by __@__. If a string contains a
__@__, it must be doubled; otherwise, strings can contain
arbitrary binary data.


The meta syntax uses the following conventions: `|' (bar)
separates alternatives; `{' and `}' enclose optional
phrases; `{' and `}*' enclose phrases that can be repeated
zero or more times; `{' and '}+' enclose phrases that must
appear at least once and can be repeated; Terminal symbols
are in __boldface__; nonterminal symbols are in
''italics''.


''rcstext''   ::= '' admin'' {''delta''}* ''desc'' {''deltatext''}*
''admin''     ::= __ head__       {''num''}__;
__               { __branch__   {''num''}__;__ }
__               access__     {''id''}*__;
symbols__    {''sym'' __:__ ''num''}*__;
locks__      {''id'' __:__ ''num''}*__;__  {__strict  ;__}
{ __comment__  {''string''}__;__ }
{ __expand__   {''string''}__;__ }
{ ''newphrase'' }*
''delta''     ::= '' num
''__               date__ ''      num''__;
author__ ''    id''__;
state__      {''id''}__;
branches__   {''num''}*__;
next__       {''num''}__;
__               { ''newphrase'' }*
''desc''      ::= __ desc__ ''      string
deltatext'' ::= '' num
''__               log__ ''       string
''               { ''newphrase'' }*
__               text__ ''      string
num''       ::=  {''digit'' | __.__}+
''digit''     ::= __ 0__ | __1__ | __2__ | __3__ | __4__ | __5__ | __6__ | __7__ | __8__ | __9
__''id''        ::=  {''num''} ''idchar'' {''idchar'' | ''num''}*
''sym''       ::=  {''digit''}* ''idchar'' {''idchar'' | ''digit''}*
''idchar''    ::=  any visible graphic character except ''special
special''   ::= __ $__ | __,__ | __.__ | __:__ | __;__ | __@
__''string''    ::= __ @__{any character, with __@__ doubled}*__@
__''newphrase'' ::= '' id word''* __;
__''word''      ::= '' id'' | ''num'' | ''string'' | __:
__Identifiers are case sensitive. Keywords are in lower case only. The sets of keywords and identifiers can overlap. In most environments RCS uses the ISO 8859/1 encoding: visible graphic characters are codes 041-176 and 240-377, and white space characters are codes 010-015 and 040.


Dates, which appear after the __date__ keyword, are of
the form
''Y''__.__''mm''__.__''dd''__.__''hh''__.__''mm''__.__''ss'',
where ''Y'' is the year, ''mm'' the month (01-12),
''dd'' the day (01-31), ''hh'' the hour (00-23),
''mm'' the minute (00-59), and ''ss'' the second
(00-60). ''Y'' contains just the last two digits of the
year for years from 1900 through 1999, and all the digits of
years thereafter. Dates use the Gregorian calendar; times
use UTC.


The ''newphrase'' productions in the grammar are reserved
for future extensions to the format of RCS
files. No ''newphrase'' will begin with any keyword
already in use.


The ''delta'' nodes form a tree. All nodes whose numbers
consist of a single pair (e.g., 2.3, 2.1, 1.3, etc.) are on
the trunk, and are linked through the __next__ field in
order of decreasing numbers. The __head__ field in the
''admin'' node points to the head of that sequence (i.e.,
contains the highest pair). The __branch__ node in the
admin node indicates the default branch (or revision) for
most RCS operations. If empty, the default
branch is the highest branch on the trunk.


All ''delta'' nodes whose numbers consist of 2''n''
fields (''n''2) (e.g., 3.1.1.1, 2.1.2.2, etc.) are linked
as follows. All nodes whose first 2''n''-1 number fields
are identical are linked through the __next__ field in
order of increasing numbers. For each such sequence, the
''delta'' node whose number is identical to the first
2''n''-2 number fields of the deltas on that sequence is
called the branchpoint. The __branches__ field of a node
contains a list of the numbers of the first nodes of all
sequences for which it is a branchpoint. This list is
ordered in increasing numbers.


The following diagram shows an example of an
RCS file's organization.


Head
2.1
1.3
1.3.1.1
1.2
1.2.1.1
1.2.1.3
1.2.2.1
                             1.2.2.1.1.1
                        1.2.2.2
1.1
!!IDENTIFICATION


Author: Walter F. Tichy, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
IN, 47907.
Manual Page Revision: 5.6; Release Date: 1995/06/05.
Copyright 1982, 1988, 1989 Walter F. Tichy.
Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Paul
Eggert.
!!SEE ALSO


rcsintro(1), ci(1), co(1), ident(1), rcs(1), rcsclean(1),
rcsdiff(1), rcsmerge(1), rlog(1)
Walter F. Tichy, RCS --A System for Version
Control, ''Software--Practice ''
__15__, 7 (July 1985), 637-654.
----
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Last edited on Monday, June 3, 2002 11:58:07 pm by "perry"
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