Home
Main website
Display Sidebar
Hide Ads
Recent Changes
View Source:
odvips(1)
Edit
PageHistory
Diff
Info
LikePages
DVIPS !!!DVIPS NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OPTIONS SEE ALSO ENVIRONMENT NOTES AUTHOR ---- !!NAME dvips - convert a TeX DVI file to !PostScript !!SYNOPSIS __dvips__ [[ ''options'' ] ''file''[[.dvi] !!DESCRIPTION THIS MAN PAGE IS OBSOLETE! See the Texinfo documentation instead. You can read it either in Emacs or with the standalone __info__ program which comes with the GNU texinfo distribution as prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/texinfo*.tar.gz. The program __dvips__ takes a DVI file ''file''[[.dvi] produced by TeX (or by some other processor such as GFtoDVI) and converts it to !PostScript, normally sending the result directly to the (laser)printer. The DVI file may be specified without the ''.dvi'' extension. Fonts used may either be resident in the printer or defined as bitmaps in PK files, or a `virtual' combination of both. If the __mktexpk__ program is installed, __dvips__ will automatically invoke METAFONT to generate fonts that don't already exist. For more information, see the Texinfo manual ''dvips.texi'', which should be installed somewhere on your system, hopefully accessible through the standard Info tree. !!OPTIONS __-a__ Conserve memory by making three passes over the .dvi file instead of two and only loading those characters actually used. Generally only useful on machines with a very limited amount of memory, like some PCs. __-A__ Print only odd pages (TeX pages, not sequence pages). __-b num__ Generate ''num'' copies of each page, but duplicating the page body rather than using the ''#numcopies'' option. This can be useful in conjunction with a header file setting ''bop-hook'' to do color separations or other neat tricks. __-B__ Print only even pages (TeX pages, not sequence pages). __-c num__ Generate ''num'' copies of every page. Default is 1. (For collated copies, see the ''-C'' option below.) __-C num__ Create ''num'' copies, but collated (by replicating the data in the !PostScript file). Slower than the ''-c'' option, but easier on the hands, and faster than resubmitting the same !PostScript file multiple times. __-d num__ Set the debug flags. This is intended only for emergencies or for unusual fact-finding expeditions; it will work only if __dvips__ has been compiled with the DEBUG option. If nonzero, prints additional information on standard output. The number is taken as a set of independent bits. The meaning of each bit follows. 1=specials; 2=paths; 4=fonts; 8=pages; 16=headers; 32=font compression; 64=files; 128=memory; 256=Kpathsea stat(2) calls; 512=Kpathsea hash table lookups; 1024=Kpathsea path element expansion; 2048=Kpathsea searches. To trace everything having to do with file searching and opening, use 3650 (2048 + 1024 + 512 + 64 + 2). To track all classes, you can use `-1' (output is extremely voluminous). __-D num__ Set the resolution in dpi (dots per inch) to ''num.'' This affects the choice of bitmap fonts that are loaded and also the positioning of letters in resident !PostScript fonts. Must be between 10 and 10000. This affects both the horizontal and vertical resolution. If a high resolution (something greater than 400 dpi, say) is selected, the ''-Z'' flag should probably also be used. __-e num__ Make sure that each character is placed at most this many pixels from its `true' resolution-independent position on the page. The default value of this parameter is resolution dependent. Allowing individual characters to `drift' from their correctly rounded positions by a few pixels, while regaining the true position at the beginning of each new word, improves the spacing of letters in words. __-E__ makes __dvips__ attempt to generate an EPSF file with a tight bounding box. This only works on one-page files, and it only looks at marks made by characters and rules, not by any included graphics. In addition, it gets the glyph metrics from the ''tfm'' file, so characters that lie outside their enclosing ''tfm'' box may confuse it. In addition, the bounding box might be a bit too loose if the character glyph has significant left or right side bearings. Nonetheless, this option works well for creating small EPSF files for equations or tables or the like. (Note, of course, that __dvips__ output is resolution dependent and thus does not make very good EPSF files, especially if the images are to be scaled; use these EPSF files with a great deal of care.) __-f__ Run as a filter. Read the ''.dvi'' file from standard input and write the !PostScript to standard output. The standard input must be seekable, so it cannot be a pipe. If you must use a pipe, write a shell script that copies the pipe output to a temporary file and then points __dvips__ at this file. This option also disables the automatic reading of the ''PRINTER'' environment variable, and turns off the automatic sending of control D if it was turned on with the ''-F'' option or in the configuration file; use ''-F'' after this option if you want both. __-F__ Causes Control-D (ASCII code 4) to be appended as the very last character of the !PostScript file. This is useful when __dvips__ is driving the printer directly instead of working through a spooler, as is common on extremely small systems. NOTE! DO NOT USE THIS OPTION! __-h name__ Prepend file ''name'' as an additional header file. (However, if the name is simply `-' suppress all header files from the output.) This header file gets added to the !PostScript ''userdict.'' __-i__ Make each section be a separate file. Under certain circumstances, __dvips__ will split the document up into `sections' to be processed independently; this is most often done for memory reasons. Using this option tells __dvips__ to place each section into a separate file; the new file names are created replacing the suffix of the supplied output file name by a three-digit sequence number. This option is most often used in conjunction with the ''-S'' option which sets the maximum section length in pages. For instance, some phototypesetters cannot print more than ten or so consecutive pages before running out of steam; these options can be used to automatically split a book into ten-page sections, each to its own file. __-k__ Print crop marks. This option increases the paper size (which should be specified, either with a paper size special or with the ''-T'' option) by a half inch in each dimension. It translates each page by a quarter inch and draws cross-style crop marks. It is mostly useful with typesetters that can set the page size automatically. __-K__ This option causes comments in included !PostScript graphics, font files, and headers to be removed. This is sometimes necessary to get around bugs in spoolers or !PostScript post-processing programs. Specifically, the %%Page comments, when left in, often cause difficulties. Use of this flag can cause some included graphics to fail, since the !PostScript header macros from some software packages read portions of the input stream line by line, searching for a particular comment. This option has been turned off by default because !PostScript previewers and spoolers have been getting better. __-l num__ The last page printed will be the first one numbered ''num'' Default is the last page in the document. If the ''num'' is prefixed by an equals sign, then it (and any argument to the ''-p'' option) is treated as a sequence number, rather than a value to compare with ''count0'' values. Thus, using ''-l =9'' will end with the ninth page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. __-m__ Specify manual feed for printer. __-M__ Turns off the automatic font generation facility. If any fonts are missing, commands to generate the fonts are appended to the file ''missfont.log'' in the current directory; this file can then be executed and deleted to create the missing fonts. __-n num__ At most ''num'' pages will be printed. Default is 100000. __-N__ Turns off structured comments; this might be necessary on some systems that try to interpret !PostScript comments in weird ways, or on some !PostScript printers. Old versions of !TranScript in particular cannot handle modern Encapsulated !PostScript. __-o name__ The output will be sent to file ''name'' If no file name is given, the default name is ''file.ps'' where the .dvi file was called ''file.dvi;'' if this option isn't given, any default in the configuration file is used. If the first character of the supplied output file name is an exclamation mark, then the remainder will be used as an argument to ''popen;'' thus, specifying ''!lpr'' as the output file will automatically queue the file for printing. When running subprograms, __dvips__ sets the ''PRINTER'' and ''LPDEST'' environment variables to the printer name (if available), so no ''-P'' option is needed for ''lpr''. This option also disables the automatic reading of the ''PRINTER'' environment variable, and turns off the automatic sending of control D if it was turned on with the ''-F'' option or in the configuration file; use ''-F'' after this option if you want both. __-O offset__ Move the origin by a certain amount. The ''offset'' is a comma-separated pair of dimensions, such as ''.1in,-.3cm'' (in the same syntax used in the ''papersize'' special). The origin of the page is shifted from the default position (of one inch down, one inch to the right from the upper left corner of the paper) by this amount. __-p num__ The first page printed will be the first one numbered ''num.'' Default is the first page in the document. If the ''num'' is prefixed by an equals sign, then it (and any argument to the ''-l'' option) is treated as a sequence number, rather than a value to compare with ''count0'' values. Thus, using ''-p =3'' will start with the third page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. __-pp pagelist__ A comma-separated list of pages and ranges (a-b) may be given, which will be interpreted as ''count0'' values. Pages not specified will not be printed. Multiple __-pp__ options may be specified or all pages and page ranges can be specified with one __-pp__ option. __-P printername__ Sets up the output for the appropriate printer. This is implemented by reading in ''config.printername'' , which can then set the output pipe (as in, ''!lpr -Pprintername'' as well as the font paths and any other ''config.ps'' defaults for that printer only. Note that ''config.ps'' is read before ''config.printername'' In addition, another file called ''~/.dvipsrc'' is searched for immediately after ''config.ps;'' this file is intended for user defaults. If no ''-P'' command is given, the environment variable ''PRINTER'' is checked. If that variable exists, and a corresponding configuration file exists, that configuration file is read in. __-q__ Run in quiet mode. Don't chatter about pages converted, etc.; report nothing but errors to standard error. __-r__ Stack pages in reverse order. Normally, page 1 will be printed first. __-R__ Run in secure mode. This means that ``backtick'' commands from a ''special{}'' or ''psffile{}'' macro in the (La)TeX source like ''special{psfile= '' or ''psffile[[72 72 540 720]{ '' are not executed. __-s__ Causes the entire global output to be enclosed in a save/restore pair. This causes the file to not be truly conformant, and is thus not recommended, but is useful if you are driving the printer directly and don't care too much about the portability of the output. __-S num__ Set the maximum number of pages in each `section'. This option is most commonly used with the ''-i'' option; see that documentation above for more information. __-t papertype__ This sets the paper type to ''papertype.'' The ''papertype'' should be defined in one of the configuration files, along with the appropriate code to select it. (Currently known types include ''letter, legal, ledger, a4, a3,'' ) You can also specify ''-t landscape,'' which rotates a document by 90 degrees. To rotate a document whose size is not letter, you can use the ''-t'' option twice, once for the page size, and once for landscape. The upper left corner of each page in the ''.dvi'' file is placed one inch from the left and one inch from the top. Use of this option is highly dependent on the configuration file. Note that executing the ''letter'' or ''a4'' or other !PostScript operators cause the document to be nonconforming and can cause it not to print on certain printers, so the paper size should not execute such an operator if at all possible. __-T offset__ Set the paper size to the given pair of dimensions. This option takes its arguments in the same style as ''-O.'' It overrides any paper size special in the dvi file. __-U__ Disable a !PostScript virtual memory saving optimization that stores the character metric information in the same string that is used to store the bitmap information. This is only necessary when driving the Xerox 4045 !PostScript interpreter. It is caused by a bug in that interpreter that results in `garbage' on the bottom of each character. Not recommended unless you must drive this printer. __-V__ Download non-resident !PostScript fonts as bitmaps. This requires use of `gsftopk' or `pstopk' or some other such program(s) in order to generate the required bitmap fonts; these programs are supplied with __dvips__. __-x num__ Set the magnification ratio to ''num'' /1000. Overrides the magnification specified in the .dvi file. Must be between 10 and 100000. __-X num__ Set the horizontal resolution in dots per inch to ''num.'' __-Y num__ Set the vertical resolution in dots per inch to ''num.'' __-Z__ Causes bitmapped fonts to be compressed before they are downloaded, thereby reducing the size of the !PostScript font-downloading information. Especially useful at high resolutions or when very large fonts are used. Will slow down printing somewhat, especially on early 68000-based !PostScript printers. !!SEE ALSO mf(1), afm2tfm(1), tex(1), latex(1), lpr(1), ''dvips.texi.'' !!ENVIRONMENT Dvipsk uses the same environment variables and algorithms for finding font files as TeX and its friends do. See the documentation for the Kpathsea library for details. (Repeating it here is too cumbersome.) KPATHSEA_DEBUG: Trace Kpathsea lookups; set to -1 for complete tracing. PRINTER: see above. !!NOTES !PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. !!AUTHOR Tomas Rokicki ----
One page links to
odvips(1)
:
Man1o
This page is a man page (or other imported legacy content). We are unable to automatically determine the license status of this page.
