LESSKEY
NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION COMMAND SECTION EXAMPLE PRECEDENCE LINE EDITING SECTION EXAMPLE LESS ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES EXAMPLE SEE ALSO WARNINGS COPYRIGHT AUTHOR
lesskey - specify key bindings for less
lesskey [-o output? [--? [input? lesskey [--output=output? [--? [input? lesskey -V lesskey --version
Lesskey is used to specify a set of key bindings to be used by less. The input file is a text file which describes the key bindings, If the input file is less. If no output file is specified, and the environment variable LESSKEY is set, the value of LESSKEY is used as the name of the output file. Otherwise, a standard filename is used as the name of the output file, which depends on the system being used: On Unix and OS-9 systems, $HOME/.less is used; on MS-DOS systems, $HOME/_less is used; and on OS/2 systems, $HOME/less.ini is used, or $INIT/less.ini if $HOME is undefined. If the output file already exists, lesskey will overwrite it.
The -V or --version option causes lesskey to print its version number and immediately exit. If -V or --version is present, other options and arguments are ignored.
The input file consists of one or more sections. Each section starts with a line that identifies the type of section. Possible sections are:
Defines new command keys.
Defines new line-editing keys.
Defines environment variables.
Blank lines and lines which start with a pound sign (#) are ignored, except for the special section header lines.
The command section begins with the line
If the command section is the first section in the file, this line may be omitted. The command section consists of lines of the form:
string action [extra-string? ''
Whitespace is any sequence of one or more spaces and/or tabs. The string is the command key(s) which invoke the action. The string may be a single command key, or a sequence of up to 15 keys. The action is the name of the less action, from the list below. The characters in the string may appear literally, or be prefixed by a caret to indicate a control key. A backslash followed by one to three octal digits may be used to specify a character by its octal value. A backslash followed by certain characters specifies input characters as follows:
b
BACKSPACE
e
ESCAPE
n
NEWLINE
r
RETURN
t
TAB
ku
UP ARROW
kd
DOWN ARROW
kr
RIGHT ARROW
kl
LEFT ARROW
kU
PAGE UP
kD
PAGE DOWN
kh
HOME
ke
END
kx
DELETE
A backslash followed by any other character indicates that character is to be taken literally. Characters which must be preceded by backslash include caret, space, tab and the backslash itself.
An action may be followed by an less, the action is performed, and then the extra string is parsed, just as if it were typed in to less. This feature can be used in certain cases to extend the functionality of a command. For example, see the less'' quits, first character of the extra string is used as its exit status.
The following input file describes the set of default
r forw-line n forw-line e forw-line j forw-line kd forw-line ^E forw-line ^N forw-line k back-line y back-line ^Y back-line ^K back-line ^P back-line J forw-line-force K back-line-force Y back-line-force d forw-scroll ^D forw-scroll u back-scroll ^U back-scroll 40 forw-screen f forw-screen ^F forw-screen ^V forw-screen kD forw-screen b back-screen ^B back-screen ev back-screen kU back-screen z forw-window w back-window e40 forw-screen-force F forw-forever R repaint-flush r repaint ^R repaint ^L repaint eu undo-hilite g goto-line kh goto-line
Commands specified by lesskey take precedence over the default commands. A default command key may be disabled by including it in the input file with the action less will give an error beep for an ''
This will cause all default commands to be ignored. The
file.
Be aware that #stop can be dangerous. Since all default commands are disabled, you must provide sufficient commands before the #stop line to enable all necessary actions. For example, failure to provide a
The line-editing section begins with the line:
This section specifies new key bindings for the line editing commands, in a manner similar to the way key bindings for ordinary commands are specified in the #command section. The line-editing section consists of a list of keys and actions, one per line as in the example below.
The following input file describes the set of default
t forw-complete 17 back-complete et back-complete ^L expand ^V literal ^A literal el right kr right eh left kl left eb word-left ekl word-left ew word-right ekr word-right ei insert ex delete kx delete eX word-delete ekx word-delete eb word-backspace e0 home kh home e$ end ke end ek up ku up ej down
The environment variable section begins with the line
Following this line is a list of environment variable assignments. Each line consists of an environment variable name, an equals sign (=) and the value to be assigned to the environment variable. White space before and after the equals sign is ignored. Variables assigned in this way are visible only to less. If a variable is specified in the system environment and also in a lesskey file, the value in the lesskey file takes precedence. Although the lesskey file can be used to override variables set in the environment, the main purpose of assigning variables in the lesskey file is simply to have all less configuration information stored in one file.
The following input file sets the -i option whenever less is run, and specifies the character set to be ''
- env
LESS = -i LESSCHARSET = latin1
It is not possible to specify special keys, such as uparrow, in a keyboard-independent manner. The only way to specify such keys is to specify the escape sequence which a particular keyboard sends when such a keys is pressed.
On MS-DOS and OS/2 systems, certain keys send a sequence of characters which start with a NUL character (0). This NUL character should be represented as 340 in a lesskey file.
Copyright (C) 2000 Mark Nudelman
lesskey is part of the GNU project and is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
lesskey is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with lesskey; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
Mark Nudelman Send bug reports or comments to the above address or to bug-less@gnu.org.
4 pages link to lesskey(1):
