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LAST,LASTB !!!LAST,LASTB NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OPTIONS NOTES FILES AUTHOR SEE ALSO ---- !!NAME last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users !!SYNOPSIS __last__ [[__-R__] [[__-__''num''] [[ -__n__ ''num'' ] [[__-adiox__] [[ -__f__ ''file'' ] [[''name...''] [[''tty...'']__ lastb__ [[__-R__] [[__-__''num''] [[ -__n__ ''num'' ] [[ -__f__ ''file'' ] [[__-adiox__] [[''name...''] [[''tty...''] !!DESCRIPTION __Last__ searches back through the file __/var/log/wtmp__ (or the file designated by the __-f__ flag) and displays a list of all users logged in (and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be given, in which case __last__ will show only those entries matching the arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus __last 0__ is the same as __last tty0__. When __last__ catches a SIGINT signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal (generated by the quit key, usually control-), __last__ will show how far it has searched through the file; in the case of the SIGINT signal __last__ will then terminate. The pseudo user __reboot__ logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus __last reboot__ will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created. __Lastb__ is the same as __last__, except that by default it shows a log of the file __/var/log/btmp__, which contains all the bad login attempts. !!OPTIONS __-__''num'' This is a count telling __last__ how many lines to show. __-n__ ''num'' The same. __-R__ Suppresses the display of the hostname field. __-a__ Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the next flag. __-d__ For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a hostname. __-i__ This option is like __-d__ in that it displays the IP number of the remote host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation. __-o__ Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications). __-x__ Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes. !!NOTES The files ''wtmp'' and ''btmp'' might not be found. The system only logs information in these files if they are present. This is a local configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created with a simple touch(1) command (for example, ''touch /var/log/wtmp''). !!FILES /var/log/wtmp /var/log/btmp !!AUTHOR Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl !!SEE ALSO shutdown(8), login(1), init(8) ----
3 pages link to
last(1)
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Man1l
utmp(5)
wtmp(5)
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