wish(h) Tk Applications wish(h) _________________________________________________________________ NAME wish - Simple windowing shell SYNOPSIS wish ?fileName arg arg ...? OPTIONS -colormap new Specifies that the window should have a new private colormap instead of using the default colormap for the screen. -display display Display (and screen) on which to dis- play window. -geometry geometry Initial geometry to use for window. If this option is specified, its value is stored in the geometry global vari- able of the application's Tcl inter- preter. -name name Use name as the title to be displayed in the window, and as the name of the interpreter for send commands. -sync Execute all X server commands syn- chronously, so that errors are reported immediately. This will result in much slower execution, but it is useful for debugging. -use | id | | Specifies that the main window for the | application is to be embedded in the | window whose identifier is id, instead | of being created as an independent | toplevel window. Id must be specified | in the same way as the value for the | -use option for toplevel widgets (i.e. | it has a form like that returned by | the winfo id command). -visual visual Specifies the visual to use for the window. Visual may have any of the forms supported by the Tk_GetVisual procedure. -- Pass all remaining arguments through to the script's argv variable without interpreting them. This provides a mechanism for passing arguments such as -name to a script instead of having wish interpret them. _________________________________________________________________ DESCRIPTION Wish is a simple program consisting of the Tcl command language, the Tk toolkit, and a main program that reads commands from standard input or from a file. It creates a main window and then processes Tcl commands. If wish is invoked with no arguments, or with a first argument that starts with ``-'', then it reads Tcl commands interac- tively from standard input. It will continue processing commands until all windows have been deleted or until end- of-file is reached on standard input. If there exists a file .wishrc in the home directory of the user, wish eval- uates the file as a Tcl script just before reading the first command from standard input. If wish is invoked with an initial fileName argument, then fileName is treated as the name of a script file. Wish will evaluate the script in fileName (which presumably creates a user interface), then it will respond to events until all windows have been deleted. Commands will not be read from standard input. There is no automatic evalua- tion of .wishrc in this case, but the script file can always source it if desired. OPTIONS Wish automatically processes all of the command-line options described in the OPTIONS summary above. Any other command-line arguments besides these are passed through to the application using the argc and argv variables described later. APPLICATION NAME AND CLASS The name of the application, which is used for purposes such as send commands, is taken from the -name option, if it is specified; otherwise it is taken from fileName, if it is specified, or from the command name by which wish was invoked. In the last two cases, if the name contains a ``/'' character, then only the characters after the last slash are used as the application name. The class of the application, which is used for purposes such as specifying options with a RESOURCE_MANAGER prop- erty or .Xdefaults file, is the same as its name except that the first letter is capitalized. VARIABLES Wish sets the following Tcl variables: argc Contains a count of the number of arg argu- ments (0 if none), not including the options described above. argv Contains a Tcl list whose elements are the arg arguments that follow a -- option or don't match any of the options described in OPTIONS above, in order, or an empty string if there are no such arguments. argv0 Contains fileName if it was specified. Otherwise, contains the name by which wish was invoked. geometry If the -geometry option is specified, wish copies its value into this variable. If the variable still exists after fileName has been evaluated, wish uses the value of the variable in a wm geometry command to set the main window's geometry. tcl_interactive Contains 1 if wish is reading commands interactively (fileName was not specified and standard input is a terminal-like device), 0 otherwise. SCRIPT FILES If you create a Tcl script in a file whose first line is #!/usr/local/bin/wish then you can invoke the script file directly from your shell if you mark it as executable. This assumes that wish has been installed in the default location in /usr/local/bin; if it's installed somewhere else then you'll have to modify the above line to match. Many UNIX systems do not allow the #! line to exceed about 30 char- acters in length, so be sure that the wish executable can be accessed with a short file name. An even better approach is to start your script files with the following three lines: #!/bin/sh # the next line restarts using wish \ exec wish "$0" "$@" This approach has three advantages over the approach in the previous paragraph. First, the location of the wish binary doesn't have to be hard-wired into the script: it can be anywhere in your shell search path. Second, it gets around the 30-character file name limit in the previ- ous approach. Third, this approach will work even if wish is itself a shell script (this is done on some systems in order to handle multiple architectures or operating sys- tems: the wish script selects one of several binaries to run). The three lines cause both sh and wish to process the script, but the exec is only executed by sh. sh pro- cesses the script first; it treats the second line as a comment and executes the third line. The exec statement cause the shell to stop processing and instead to start up wish to reprocess the entire script. When wish starts up, it treats all three lines as comments, since the backslash at the end of the second line causes the third line to be treated as part of the comment on the second line. PROMPTS When wish is invoked interactively it normally prompts for each command with ``% ''. You can change the prompt by setting the variables tcl_prompt1 and tcl_prompt2. If variable tcl_prompt1 exists then it must consist of a Tcl script to output a prompt; instead of outputting a prompt wish will evaluate the script in tcl_prompt1. The vari- able tcl_prompt2 is used in a similar way when a newline is typed but the current command isn't yet complete; if tcl_prompt2 isn't set then no prompt is output for incom- plete commands. KEYWORDS shell, toolkit Tk 8.0 wish(h)