TERMINFO(O) File Formats TERMINFO(O) NAME terminfo - terminal capability data base SYNOPSIS /usr/share/terminfo/*/* DESCRIPTION Terminfo is a data base describing terminals, used by screen-oriented programs such as nvi(i), rogue(e) and libraries such as curses(s). Terminfo describes termi- nals by giving a set of capabilities which they have, by specifying how to perform screen operations, and by speci- fying padding requirements and initialization sequences. Entries in terminfo consist of a sequence of `,' separated fields (embedded commas may be escaped with a backslash or notated as \072). White space after the `,' separator is ignored. The first entry for each terminal gives the names which are known for the terminal, separated by `|' characters. The first name given is the most common abbreviation for the terminal, the last name given should be a long name fully identifying the terminal, and all others are understood as synonyms for the terminal name. All names but the last should be in lower case and contain no blanks; the last name may well contain upper case and blanks for readability. Terminal names (except for the last, verbose entry) should be chosen using the following conventions. The particular piece of hardware making up the terminal should have a root name, thus ``hp2621''. This name should not contain hyphens. Modes that the hardware can be in, or user pref- erences, should be indicated by appending a hyphen and a mode suffix. Thus, a vt100 in 132 column mode would be vt100-w. The following suffixes should be used where pos- sible: center ; l c l l l l. Suffix Meaning Example -nn Number of lines on the screen aaa-60 -np Number of pages of memory c100-4p -am With automargins (usu- ally the default) vt100-am -m Mono mode; suppress color ansi-m -mc Magic cookie; spaces when high- lighting wy30-mc -na No arrow keys (leave them in local) c100-na -nam Without automatic margins vt100-nam -nl No status line att4415-nl -ns No status line hp2626-ns -rv Reverse video c100-rv -s Enable status line vt100-s -vb Use visible bell instead of beep wy370-vb -w Wide mode (> 80 columns, usually 132) vt100-w For more on terminal naming conventions, see the term(m) manual page. Capabilities The following is a complete table of the capabilities included in a terminfo description block and available to terminfo-using code. In each line of the table, The variable is the name by which the programmer (at the terminfo level) accesses the capability. The capname is the short name used in the text of the database, and is used by a person updating the database. Whenever possible, capnames are chosen to be the same as or similar to the ANSI X3.64-1979 standard (now superseded by ECMA-48, which uses identical or very similar names). Semantics are also intended to match those of the specifi- cation. The termcap code is the old termcap capability name (some capabilities are new, and have names which termcap did not originate). Capability names have no hard length limit, but an infor- mal limit of 5 characters has been adopted to keep them short and to allow the tabs in the source file Caps to line up nicely. Finally, the description field attempts to convey the semantics of the capability. You may find some codes in the description field: (P) indicates that padding may be specified #[1-9] in the description field indicates that the string is passed through tparm with parms as given (#i). (P*) indicates that padding may vary in proportion to the number of lines affected (#i) indicates the ith parameter. These are the boolean capabilities: center expand; c l l c c l l c lw25 lw6 lw2 lw20. Vari- able Cap- TCap Description Booleans name Code auto_left_margin bw bw T{ cub1 wraps from column 0 to last column T} auto_right_margin am am T{ termi- nal has automatic margins T} back_color_erase bce ut T{ screen erased with back- ground color T} can_change ccc cc T{ terminal can re-define existing colors T} ceol_stand- out_glitch xhp xs T{ standout not erased by over- writing (hp) T} col_addr_glitch xhpa YA T{ only pos- itive motion for hpa/mhpa caps T} cpi_changes_res cpix YF T{ changing character pitch changes resolution T} cr_can- cels_micro_mode crxm YB T{ using cr turns off micro mode T} dest_tabs_magic_smso xt xt T{ tabs destructive, magic so char (t1061) T} eat_new- line_glitch xenl xn T{ newline ignored after 80 cols (concept) T} erase_overstrike eo eo T{ can erase overstrikes with a blank T} generic_type gn gn T{ generic line type T} hard_copy hc hc T{ hardcopy ter- minal T} hard_cursor chts HC T{ cursor is hard to see T} has_meta_key km km T{ Has a meta key (i.e., sets 8th-bit) T} has_print_wheel daisy YC T{ printer needs operator to change character set T} has_sta- tus_line hs hs T{ has extra status line T} hue_lightness_saturation hls hl T{ terminal uses only HLS color notation (Tektronix) T} insert_null_glitch in in T{ insert mode distinguishes nulls T} lpi_changes_res lpix YG T{ changing line pitch changes resolution T} memory_above da da T{ display may be retained above the screen T} mem- ory_below db db T{ display may be retained below the screen T} move_insert_mode mir mi T{ safe to move while in insert mode T} move_standout_mode msgr ms T{ safe to move while in standout mode T} needs_xon_xoff nxon nx T{ padding will not work, xon/xoff required T} no_esc_ctlc xsb xb T{ beehive (f1=escape, f2=ctrl C) T} no_pad_char npc NP T{ pad character does not exist T} non_dest_scroll_region ndscr ND T{ scrolling region is non-destructive T} non_rev_rmcup nrrmc NR T{ smcup does not reverse rmcup T} over_strike os os T{ terminal can over- strike T} prtr_silent mc5i 5i T{ printer will not echo on screen T} row_addr_glitch xvpa YD T{ only positive motion for vpa/mvpa caps T} semi_auto_right_mar- gin sam YE T{ printing in last column causes cr T} status_line_esc_ok eslok es T{ escape can be used on the status line T} tilde_glitch hz hz T{ cannot print ~'s (hazeltine) T} transparent_under- line ul ul T{ underline character overstrikes T} xon_xoff xon xo T{ terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking T} These are the numeric capabilities: center expand; c l l c c l l c lw25 lw6 lw2 lw20. Vari- able Cap- TCap Description Numeric name Code columns cols co T{ number of columns in a line T} init_tabs it it T{ tabs initially every # spaces T} label_height lh lh T{ rows in each label T} label_width lw lw T{ columns in each label T} lines lines li T{ number of lines on screen or page T} lines_of_memory lm lm T{ lines of memory if > line. 0 means varies T} magic_cookie_glitch xmc sg T{ number of blank charac- ters left by smso or rmso T} max_attributes ma ma T{ maximum combined attributes terminal can handle T} max_colors colors Co T{ maximum number of colors on screen T} max_pairs pairs pa T{ maximum number of color-pairs on the screen T} maximum_win- dows wnum MW T{ maximum number of defineable windows T} no_color_video ncv NC T{ video attributes that can- not be used with colors T} num_labels nlab Nl T{ number of labels on screen T} padding_baud_rate pb pb T{ lowest baud rate where padding needed T} virtual_terminal vt vt T{ virtual terminal number (CB/unix) T} width_sta- tus_line wsl ws T{ number of columns in status line T} The following numeric capabilities are present in the SVr4.0 term structure, but are not yet documented in the man page. They came in with SVr4's printer support. center expand; c l l c c l l c lw25 lw6 lw2 lw20. Vari- able Cap- TCap Description Numeric name Code bit_image_entwining bitwin Yo T{ number of passes for each bit-image row T} bit_image_type bitype Yp T{ type of bit-image device T} buffer_capac- ity bufsz Ya T{ numbers of bytes buffered before printing T} buttons btns BT T{ number of buttons on mouse T} dot_horz_spacing spinh Yc T{ spacing of dots horizontally in dots per inch T} dot_vert_spac- ing spinv Yb T{ spacing of pins vertically in pins per inch T} max_micro_address maddr Yd T{ maximum value in micro_..._address T} max_micro_jump mjump Ye T{ maximum value in parm_..._micro T} micro_col_size mcs Yf T{ character step size when in micro mode T} micro_line_size mls Yg T{ line step size when in micro mode T} number_of_pins npins Yh T{ numbers of pins in print-head T} output_res_char orc Yi T{ horizontal resolution in units per line T} out- put_res_horz_inch orhi Yk T{ horizontal resolution in units per inch T} output_res_line orl Yj T{ ver- tical resolution in units per line T} out- put_res_vert_inch orvi Yl T{ vertical resolution in units per inch T} print_rate cps Ym T{ print rate in characters per second T} wide_char_size widcs Yn T{ character step size when in double wide mode T} These are the string capabilities: center expand; c l l c c l l c lw25 lw6 lw2 lw20. Vari- able Cap- TCap Description String name Code acs_chars acsc ac T{ graphics charset pairs, based on vt100 T} back_tab cbt bt T{ back tab (P) T} bell bel bl T{ audible signal (bell) (P) T} car- riage_return cr cr T{ carriage return (P*) (P*) T} change_char_pitch cpi ZA T{ Change number of charac- ters per inch to #1 T} change_line_pitch lpi ZB T{ Change number of lines per inch to #1 T} change_res_horz chr ZC T{ Change horizontal resolu- tion to #1 T} change_res_vert cvr ZD T{ Change ver- tical resolution to #1 T} change_scroll_region csr cs T{ change region to line #1 to line #2 (P) T} char_padding rmp rP T{ like ip but when in insert mode T} clear_all_tabs tbc ct T{ clear all tab stops (P) T} clear_margins mgc MC T{ clear right and left soft margins T} clear_screen clear cl T{ clear screen and home cursor (P*) T} clr_bol el1 cb T{ Clear to beginning of line T} clr_eol el ce T{ clear to end of line (P) T} clr_eos ed cd T{ clear to end of screen (P*) T} column_address hpa ch T{ horizontal position #1, abso- lute (P) T} command_character cmdch CC T{ terminal settable cmd character in prototype !? T} create_win- dow cwin CW T{ define a window #1 from #2,#3 to #4,#5 T} cursor_address cup cm T{ move to row #1 columns #2 T} cursor_down cud1 do T{ down one line T} cur- sor_home home ho T{ home cursor (if no cup) T} cur- sor_invisible civis vi T{ make cursor invisible T} cursor_left cub1 le T{ move left one space T} cur- sor_mem_address mrcup CM T{ memory relative cursor addressing, move to row #1 columns #2 T} cursor_nor- mal cnorm ve T{ make cursor appear normal (undo civis/cvvis) T} cursor_right cuf1 nd T{ non-destruc- tive space (move right one space) T} cur- sor_to_ll ll ll T{ last line, first column (if no cup) T} cursor_up cuu1 up T{ up one line T} cursor_visi- ble cvvis vs T{ make cursor very visible T} define_char defc ZE T{ Define a character #1, #2 dots wide, descender #3 T} delete_character dch1 dc T{ delete character (P*) T} delete_line dl1 dl T{ delete line (P*) T} dial_phone dial DI T{ dial num- ber #1 T} dis_status_line dsl ds T{ disable status line T} display_clock dclk DK T{ display clock T} down_half_line hd hd T{ half a line down T} ena_acs enacs eA T{ enable alternate char set T} enter_alt_charset_mode smacs as T{ start alternate character set (P) T} enter_am_mode smam SA T{ turn on automatic margins T} enter_blink_mode blink mb T{ turn on blinking T} enter_bold_mode bold md T{ turn on bold (extra bright) mode T} enter_ca_mode smcup ti T{ string to start programs using cup T} enter_delete_mode smdc dm T{ enter delete mode T} enter_dim_mode dim mh T{ turn on half-bright mode T} enter_doublewide_mode swidm ZF T{ Enter double-wide mode T} enter_draft_quality sdrfq ZG T{ Enter draft-quality mode T} enter_insert_mode smir im T{ enter insert mode T} enter_italics_mode sitm ZH T{ Enter italic mode T} enter_leftward_mode slm ZI T{ Start leftward carriage motion T} enter_micro_mode smicm ZJ T{ Start micro-motion mode T} enter_near_letter_qual- ity snlq ZK T{ Enter NLQ mode T} enter_normal_qual- ity snrmq ZL T{ Enter normal-quality mode T} enter_protected_mode prot mp T{ turn on protected mode T} enter_reverse_mode rev mr T{ turn on reverse video mode T} enter_secure_mode invis mk T{ turn on blank mode (characters invisible) T} enter_shadow_mode sshm ZM T{ Enter shadow-print mode T} enter_standout_mode smso so T{ begin standout mode T} enter_subscript_mode ssubm ZN T{ Enter subscript mode T} enter_superscript_mode ssupm ZO T{ Enter superscript mode T} enter_underline_mode smul us T{ begin underline mode T} enter_upward_mode sum ZP T{ Start upward carriage motion T} enter_xon_mode smxon SX T{ turn on xon/xoff hand- shaking T} erase_chars ech ec T{ erase #1 characters (P) T} exit_alt_charset_mode rmacs ae T{ end alternate character set (P) T} exit_am_mode rmam RA T{ turn off automatic margins T} exit_attribute_mode sgr0 me T{ turn off all attributes T} exit_ca_mode rmcup te T{ strings to end pro- grams using cup T} exit_delete_mode rmdc ed T{ end delete mode T} exit_doublewide_mode rwidm ZQ T{ End double-wide mode T} exit_insert_mode rmir ei T{ exit insert mode T} exit_italics_mode ritm ZR T{ End italic mode T} exit_leftward_mode rlm ZS T{ End left- motion mode T} exit_micro_mode rmicm ZT T{ End micro-motion mode T} exit_shadow_mode rshm ZU T{ End shadow-print mode T} exit_standout_mode rmso se T{ exit standout mode T} exit_subscript_mode rsubm ZV T{ End subscript mode T} exit_super- script_mode rsupm ZW T{ End superscript mode T} exit_underline_mode rmul ue T{ exit underline mode T} exit_upward_mode rum ZX T{ End reverse character motion T} exit_xon_mode rmxon RX T{ turn off xon/xoff handshaking T} fixed_pause pause PA T{ pause for 2-3 seconds T} flash_hook hook fh T{ flash switch hook T} flash_screen flash vb T{ visible bell (may not move cursor) T} form_feed ff ff T{ hard- copy terminal page eject (P*) T} from_sta- tus_line fsl fs T{ return from status line T} goto_window wingo WG T{ go to window #1 T} hangup hup HU T{ hang-up phone T} init_1string is1 i1 T{ initialization string T} init_2string is2 is T{ initialization string T} init_3string is3 i3 T{ initialization string T} init_file if if T{ name of initialization file T} init_prog iprog iP T{ path name of program for ini- tialization T} initialize_color initc Ic T{ ini- tialize color #1 to (#2,#3,#4) T} initial- ize_pair initp Ip T{ Initialize color pair #1 to fg=(#2,#3,#4), bg=(#5,#6,#7) T} insert_charac- ter ich1 ic T{ insert character (P) T} insert_line il1 al T{ insert line (P*) T} insert_padding ip ip T{ insert padding after inserted character T} key_a1 ka1 K1 T{ upper left of keypad T} key_a3 ka3 K3 T{ upper right of keypad T} key_b2 kb2 K2 T{ center of keypad T} key_backspace kbs kb T{ backspace key T} key_beg kbeg @1 T{ begin key T} key_btab kcbt kB T{ back-tab key T} key_c1 kc1 K4 T{ lower left of key- pad T} key_c3 kc3 K5 T{ lower right of keypad T} key_cancel kcan @2 T{ cancel key T} key_catab ktbc ka T{ clear-all-tabs key T} key_clear kclr kC T{ clear-screen or erase key T} key_close kclo @3 T{ close key T} key_com- mand kcmd @4 T{ command key T} key_copy kcpy @5 T{ copy key T} key_create kcrt @6 T{ create key T} key_ctab kctab kt T{ clear-tab key T} key_dc kdch1 kD T{ delete-character key T} key_dl kdl1 kL T{ delete-line key T} key_down kcud1 kd T{ down-arrow key T} key_eic krmir kM T{ sent by rmir or smir in insert mode T} key_end kend @7 T{ end key T} key_enter kent @8 T{ enter/send key T} key_eol kel kE T{ clear-to-end-of-line key T} key_eos ked kS T{ clear-to-end-of-screen key T} key_exit kext @9 T{ exit key T} key_f0 kf0 k0 T{ F0 function key T} key_f1 kf1 k1 T{ F1 function key T} key_f10 kf10 k; T{ F10 function key T} key_f11 kf11 F1 T{ F11 function key T} key_f12 kf12 F2 T{ F12 function key T} key_f13 kf13 F3 T{ F13 function key T} key_f14 kf14 F4 T{ F14 function key T} key_f15 kf15 F5 T{ F15 function key T} key_f16 kf16 F6 T{ F16 function key T} key_f17 kf17 F7 T{ F17 function key T} key_f18 kf18 F8 T{ F18 function key T} key_f19 kf19 F9 T{ F19 function key T} key_f2 kf2 k2 T{ F2 function key T} key_f20 kf20 FA T{ F20 function key T} key_f21 kf21 FB T{ F21 function key T} key_f22 kf22 FC T{ F22 function key T} key_f23 kf23 FD T{ F23 function key T} key_f24 kf24 FE T{ F24 function key T} key_f25 kf25 FF T{ F25 function key T} key_f26 kf26 FG T{ F26 function key T} key_f27 kf27 FH T{ F27 function key T} key_f28 kf28 FI T{ F28 function key T} key_f29 kf29 FJ T{ F29 function key T} key_f3 kf3 k3 T{ F3 function key T} key_f30 kf30 FK T{ F30 function key T} key_f31 kf31 FL T{ F31 function key T} key_f32 kf32 FM T{ F32 function key T} key_f33 kf33 FN T{ F33 function key T} key_f34 kf34 FO T{ F34 function key T} key_f35 kf35 FP T{ F35 function key T} key_f36 kf36 FQ T{ F36 function key T} key_f37 kf37 FR T{ F37 function key T} key_f38 kf38 FS T{ F38 function key T} key_f39 kf39 FT T{ F39 function key T} key_f4 kf4 k4 T{ F4 function key T} key_f40 kf40 FU T{ F40 function key T} key_f41 kf41 FV T{ F41 function key T} key_f42 kf42 FW T{ F42 function key T} key_f43 kf43 FX T{ F43 function key T} key_f44 kf44 FY T{ F44 function key T} key_f45 kf45 FZ T{ F45 function key T} key_f46 kf46 Fa T{ F46 function key T} key_f47 kf47 Fb T{ F47 function key T} key_f48 kf48 Fc T{ F48 function key T} key_f49 kf49 Fd T{ F49 function key T} key_f5 kf5 k5 T{ F5 function key T} key_f50 kf50 Fe T{ F50 function key T} key_f51 kf51 Ff T{ F51 function key T} key_f52 kf52 Fg T{ F52 function key T} key_f53 kf53 Fh T{ F53 function key T} key_f54 kf54 Fi T{ F54 function key T} key_f55 kf55 Fj T{ F55 function key T} key_f56 kf56 Fk T{ F56 function key T} key_f57 kf57 Fl T{ F57 function key T} key_f58 kf58 Fm T{ F58 function key T} key_f59 kf59 Fn T{ F59 function key T} key_f6 kf6 k6 T{ F6 function key T} key_f60 kf60 Fo T{ F60 function key T} key_f61 kf61 Fp T{ F61 function key T} key_f62 kf62 Fq T{ F62 function key T} key_f63 kf63 Fr T{ F63 function key T} key_f7 kf7 k7 T{ F7 function key T} key_f8 kf8 k8 T{ F8 function key T} key_f9 kf9 k9 T{ F9 function key T} key_find kfnd @0 T{ find key T} key_help khlp %1 T{ help key T} key_home khome kh T{ home key T} key_ic kich1 kI T{ insert-character key T} key_il kil1 kA T{ insert-line key T} key_left kcub1 kl T{ left-arrow key T} key_ll kll kH T{ lower-left key (home down) T} key_mark kmrk %2 T{ mark key T} key_mes- sage kmsg %3 T{ message key T} key_move kmov %4 T{ move key T} key_next knxt %5 T{ next key T} key_npage knp kN T{ next-page key T} key_open kopn %6 T{ open key T} key_options kopt %7 T{ options key T} key_ppage kpp kP T{ previous-page key T} key_previ- ous kprv %8 T{ previous key T} key_print kprt %9 T{ print key T} key_redo krdo %0 T{ redo key T} key_refer- ence kref &1 T{ reference key T} key_refresh krfr &2 T{ refresh key T} key_replace krpl &3 T{ replace key T} key_restart krst &4 T{ restart key T} key_resume kres &5 T{ resume key T} key_right kcuf1 kr T{ right-arrow key T} key_save ksav &6 T{ save key T} key_sbeg kBEG &9 T{ shifted begin key T} key_scancel kCAN &0 T{ shifted cancel key T} key_scommand kCMD *1 T{ shifted command key T} key_scopy kCPY *2 T{ shifted copy key T} key_screate kCRT *3 T{ shifted create key T} key_sdc kDC *4 T{ shifted delete-character key T} key_sdl kDL *5 T{ shifted delete-line key T} key_select kslt *6 T{ select key T} key_send kEND *7 T{ shifted end key T} key_seol kEOL *8 T{ shifted clear-to-end-of-line key T} key_sexit kEXT *9 T{ shifted exit key T} key_sf kind kF T{ scroll-forward key T} key_sfind kFND *0 T{ shifted find key T} key_shelp kHLP #1 T{ shifted help key T} key_shome kHOM #2 T{ shifted home key T} key_sic kIC #3 T{ shifted insert-character key T} key_sleft kLFT #4 T{ shifted left-arrow key T} key_smes- sage kMSG %a T{ shifted message key T} key_smove kMOV %b T{ shifted move key T} key_snext kNXT %c T{ shifted next key T} key_sop- tions kOPT %d T{ shifted options key T} key_sprevi- ous kPRV %e T{ shifted previous key T} key_sprint kPRT %f T{ shifted print key T} key_sr kri kR T{ scroll-backward key T} key_sredo kRDO %g T{ shifted redo key T} key_sre- place kRPL %h T{ shifted replace key T} key_sright kRIT %i T{ shifted right-arrow key T} key_srsume kRES %j T{ shifted resume key T} key_ssave kSAV !1 T{ shifted save key T} key_ssus- pend kSPD !2 T{ shifted suspend key T} key_stab khts kT T{ set-tab key T} key_sundo kUND !3 T{ shifted undo key T} key_sus- pend kspd &7 T{ suspend key T} key_undo kund &8 T{ undo key T} key_up kcuu1 ku T{ up-arrow key T} keypad_local rmkx ke T{ leave 'keyboard_transmit' mode T} keypad_xmit smkx ks T{ enter 'keyboard_transmit' mode T} lab_f0 lf0 l0 T{ label on function key f0 if not f0 T} lab_f1 lf1 l1 T{ label on function key f1 if not f1 T} lab_f10 lf10 la T{ label on function key f10 if not f10 T} lab_f2 lf2 l2 T{ label on function key f2 if not f2 T} lab_f3 lf3 l3 T{ label on func- tion key f3 if not f3 T} lab_f4 lf4 l4 T{ label on function key f4 if not f4 T} lab_f5 lf5 l5 T{ label on function key f5 if not f5 T} lab_f6 lf6 l6 T{ label on function key f6 if not f6 T} lab_f7 lf7 l7 T{ label on function key f7 if not f7 T} lab_f8 lf8 l8 T{ label on function key f8 if not f8 T} lab_f9 lf9 l9 T{ label on function key f9 if not f9 T} label_format fln Lf T{ label format T} label_off rmln LF T{ turn off soft labels T} label_on smln LO T{ turn on soft labels T} meta_off rmm mo T{ turn off meta mode T} meta_on smm mm T{ turn on meta mode (8th-bit on) T} micro_column_address mhpa ZY T{ Like column_address in micro mode T} micro_down mcud1 ZZ T{ Like cursor_down in micro mode T} micro_left mcub1 Za T{ Like cursor_left in micro mode T} micro_right mcuf1 Zb T{ Like cursor_right in micro mode T} micro_row_address mvpa Zc T{ Like row_address #1 in micro mode T} micro_up mcuu1 Zd T{ Like cursor_up in micro mode T} newline nel nw T{ newline (behave like cr followed by lf) T} order_of_pins porder Ze T{ Match software bits to print-head pins T} orig_colors oc oc T{ Set all color pairs to the original ones T} orig_pair op op T{ Set default pair to its original value T} pad_char pad pc T{ padding char (instead of null) T} parm_dch dch DC T{ delete #1 characters (P*) T} parm_delete_line dl DL T{ delete #1 lines (P*) T} parm_down_cursor cud DO T{ down #1 lines (P*) T} parm_down_micro mcud Zf T{ Like parm_down_cursor in micro mode T} parm_ich ich IC T{ insert #1 characters (P*) T} parm_index indn SF T{ scroll forward #1 lines (P) T} parm_insert_line il AL T{ insert #1 lines (P*) T} parm_left_cursor cub LE T{ move #1 characters to the left (P) T} parm_left_micro mcub Zg T{ Like parm_left_cursor in micro mode T} parm_right_cursor cuf RI T{ move #1 characters to the right (P*) T} parm_right_micro mcuf Zh T{ Like parm_right_cursor in micro mode T} parm_rindex rin SR T{ scroll back #1 lines (P) T} parm_up_cursor cuu UP T{ up #1 lines (P*) T} parm_up_micro mcuu Zi T{ Like parm_up_cursor in micro mode T} pkey_key pfkey pk T{ program function key #1 to type string #2 T} pkey_local pfloc pl T{ program function key #1 to execute string #2 T} pkey_xmit pfx px T{ program function key #1 to transmit string #2 T} plab_norm pln pn T{ program label #1 to show string #2 T} print_screen mc0 ps T{ print contents of screen T} prtr_non mc5p pO T{ turn on printer for #1 bytes T} prtr_off mc4 pf T{ turn off printer T} prtr_on mc5 po T{ turn on printer T} pulse pulse PU T{ select pulse dialing T} quick_dial qdial QD T{ dial number #1 without checking T} remove_clock rmclk RC T{ remove clock T} repeat_char rep rp T{ repeat char #1 #2 times (P*) T} req_for_input rfi RF T{ send next input char (for ptys) T} reset_1string rs1 r1 T{ reset string T} reset_2string rs2 r2 T{ reset string T} reset_3string rs3 r3 T{ reset string T} reset_file rf rf T{ name of reset file T} restore_cursor rc rc T{ restore cursor to position of last save_cursor T} row_address vpa cv T{ vertical position #1 absolute (P) T} save_cursor sc sc T{ save current cursor position (P) T} scroll_for- ward ind sf T{ scroll text up (P) T} scroll_reverse ri sr T{ scroll text down (P) T} select_char_set scs Zj T{ Select character set, #1 T} set_attributes sgr sa T{ define video attributes #1-#9 (PG9) T} set_background setb Sb T{ Set background color #1 T} set_bottom_margin smgb Zk T{ Set bottom margin at current line T} set_bottom_mar- gin_parm smgbp Zl T{ Set bottom margin at line #1 or (if smgtp is not given) #2 lines from bottom T} set_clock sclk SC T{ set clock, #1 hrs #2 mins #3 secs T} set_color_pair scp sp T{ Set current color pair to #1 T} set_foreground setf Sf T{ Set foreground color #1 T} set_left_margin smgl ML T{ set left soft margin at current column. See smgl. (ML is not in BSD termcap). T} set_left_margin_parm smglp Zm T{ Set left (right) margin at column #1 T} set_right_mar- gin smgr MR T{ set right soft margin at current col- umn T} set_right_margin_parm smgrp Zn T{ Set right margin at column #1 T} set_tab hts st T{ set a tab in every row, current columns T} set_top_mar- gin smgt Zo T{ Set top margin at current line T} set_top_margin_parm smgtp Zp T{ Set top (bottom) margin at row #1 T} set_window wind wi T{ current window is lines #1-#2 cols #3-#4 T} start_bit_image sbim Zq T{ Start printing bit image graphics T} start_char_set_def scsd Zr T{ Start charac- ter set definition #1, with #2 characters in the set T} stop_bit_image rbim Zs T{ Stop printing bit image graph- ics T} stop_char_set_def rcsd Zt T{ End definition of character set #1 T} subscript_charac- ters subcs Zu T{ List of subscriptable charac- ters T} superscript_characters supcs Zv T{ List of superscriptable characters T} tab ht ta T{ tab to next 8-space hardware tab stop T} these_cause_cr docr Zw T{ Printing any of these charac- ters causes CR T} to_status_line tsl ts T{ move to sta- tus line, column #1 T} tone tone TO T{ select touch tone dialing T} underline_char uc uc T{ underline char and move past it T} up_half_line hu hu T{ half a line up T} user0 u0 u0 T{ User string #0 T} user1 u1 u1 T{ User string #1 T} user2 u2 u2 T{ User string #2 T} user3 u3 u3 T{ User string #3 T} user4 u4 u4 T{ User string #4 T} user5 u5 u5 T{ User string #5 T} user6 u6 u6 T{ User string #6 T} user7 u7 u7 T{ User string #7 T} user8 u8 u8 T{ User string #8 T} user9 u9 u9 T{ User string #9 T} wait_tone wait WA T{ wait for dial-tone T} xoff_character xoffc XF T{ XOFF character T} xon_character xonc XN T{ XON character T} zero_motion zerom Zx T{ No motion for subsequent character T} The following string capabilities are present in the SVr4.0 term structure, but were originally not documented in the man page. center expand; c l l c c l l c lw25 lw6 lw2 lw18. Vari- able Cap- TCap Description String name Code alt_scan- code_esc scesa S8 T{ Alternate escape for scan- code emulation T} bit_image_car- riage_return bicr Yv T{ Move to beginning of same row T} bit_image_newline binel Zz T{ Move to next row of the bit image T} bit_image_repeat birep Xy T{ Repeat bit image cell #1 #2 times T} char_set_names csnm Zy T{ Produce #1'th item from list of character set names T} code_set_init csin ci T{ Init sequence for multiple codesets T} color_names colornm Yw T{ Give name for color #1 T} define_bit_image_region defbi Yx T{ Define rectangualar bit image region T} device_type devt dv T{ Indicate language/codeset sup- port T} display_pc_char dispc S1 T{ Display PC character #1 T} end_bit_image_region endbi Yy T{ End a bit-image region T} enter_pc_charset_mode smpch S2 T{ Enter PC char- acter display mode T} enter_scancode_mode smsc S4 T{ Enter PC scancode mode T} exit_pc_charset_mode rmpch S3 T{ Exit PC charac- ter display mode T} exit_scancode_mode rmsc S5 T{ Exit PC scancode mode T} get_mouse getm Gm T{ Curses should get button events, parameter #1 not documented. T} key_mouse kmous Km T{ Mouse event has occurred T} mouse_info minfo Mi T{ Mouse status information T} pc_term_options pctrm S6 T{ PC terminal options T} pkey_plab pfxl xl T{ Program function key #1 to type string #2 and show string #3 T} req_mouse_pos reqmp RQ T{ Request mouse position T} scancode_escape scesc S7 T{ Escape for scancode emulation T} set0_des_seq s0ds s0 T{ Shift to code set 0 (EUC set 0, ASCII) T} set1_des_seq s1ds s1 T{ Shift to code set 1 T} set2_des_seq s2ds s2 T{ Shift to code set 2 T} set3_des_seq s3ds s3 T{ Shift to code set 3 T} set_a_background setab AB T{ Set background color to #1, using ANSI escape T} set_a_fore- ground setaf AF T{ Set foreground color to #1, using ANSI escape T} set_color_band setcolor Yz T{ Change to ribbon color #1 T} set_lr_mar- gin smglr ML T{ Set both left and right margins to #1, #2. (ML is not in BSD termcap). T} set_page_length slines YZ T{ Set page length to #1 lines T} set_tb_margin smgtb MT T{ Sets both top and bottom margins to #1, #2 T} The XSI Curses standard added these. They are some post-4.1 versions of System V curses, e.g., Solaris 2.5 and IRIX 6.x. The ncurses termcap names for them are invented; according to the XSI Curses standard, they have no termcap names. If your compiled terminfo entries use these, they may not be binary-compatible with System V terminfo entries after SVr4.1; beware! center expand; c l l c c l l c lw25 lw6 lw2 lw20. Vari- able Cap- TCap Description String name Code enter_horizontal_hl_mode ehhlm Xh T{ Enter horizon- tal highlight mode T} enter_left_hl_mode elhlm Xl T{ Enter left high- light mode T} enter_low_hl_mode elohlm Xo T{ Enter low highlight mode T} enter_right_hl_mode erhlm Xr T{ Enter right high- light mode T} enter_top_hl_mode ethlm Xt T{ Enter top highlight mode T} enter_verti- cal_hl_mode evhlm Xv T{ Enter vertical highlight mode T} set_a_attributes sgr1 sA T{ Define second set of video attributes #1-#6 T} set_pglen_inch slength sL T{ YI Set page length to #1 hundredth of an inch T} A Sample Entry The following entry, describing an ANSI-standard terminal, is representative of what a terminfo entry for a modern terminal typically looks like. ansi|ansi/pc-term compatible with color, mc5i, colors#8, ncv#3, pairs#64, cub=\E[%p1%dD, cud=\E[%p1%dB, cuf=\E[%p1%dC, cuu=\E[%p1%dA, dch=\E[%p1%dP, dl=\E[%p1%dM, ech=\E[%p1%dX, el1=\E[1K, hpa=\E[%p1%dG, ht=\E[I, ich=\E[%p1%d@, il=\E[%p1%dL, indn=\E[%p1%dS, .indn=\E[%p1%dT, kbs=^H, kcbt=\E[Z, kcub1=\E[D, kcud1=\E[B, kcuf1=\E[C, kcuu1=\E[A, kf1=\E[M, kf10=\E[V, kf11=\E[W, kf12=\E[X, kf2=\E[N, kf3=\E[O, kf4=\E[P, kf5=\E[Q, kf6=\E[R, kf7=\E[S, kf8=\E[T, kf9=\E[U, kich1=\E[L, mc4=\E[4i, mc5=\E[5i, nel=\r\E[S, op=\E[37;40m, rep=%p1%c\E[%p2%{1}%-%db, rin=\E[%p1%dT, s0ds=\E(B, s1ds=\E)B, s2ds=\E*B, s3ds=\E+B, setab=\E[4%p1%dm, setaf=\E[3%p1%dm, setb=\E[4%?%p1%{1}%=%t4%e%p1%{3}%=%t6%e%p1%{4}%=%t1%e%p1%{6}%=%t3%e%p1%d%;m, setf=\E[3%?%p1%{1}%=%t4%e%p1%{3}%=%t6%e%p1%{4}%=%t1%e%p1%{6}%=%t3%e%p1%d%;m, sgr=\E[0;10%?%p1%t;7%;%?%p2%t;4%;%?%p3%t;7%;%?%p4%t;5%;%?%p6%t;1%;%?%p7%t;8%;%?%p8%t;11%;%?%p9%t;12%;m, sgr0=\E[0;10m, tbc=\E[2g, u6=\E[%d;%dR, u7=\E[6n, u8=\E[?%[;0123456789]c, u9=\E[c, vpa=\E[%p1%dd, Entries may continue onto multiple lines by placing white space at the beginning of each line except the first. Comments may be included on lines beginning with ``#''. Capabilities in terminfo are of three types: Boolean capa- bilities which indicate that the terminal has some partic- ular feature, numeric capabilities giving the size of the terminal or the size of particular delays, and string capabilities, which give a sequence which can be used to perform particular terminal operations. Types of Capabilities All capabilities have names. For instance, the fact that ANSI-standard terminals have automatic margins (i.e., an automatic return and line-feed when the end of a line is reached) is indicated by the capability am. Hence the description of ansi includes am. Numeric capabilities are followed by the character `#' and then a positive value. Thus cols, which indicates the number of columns the ter- minal has, gives the value `80' for ansi. Values for numeric capabilities may be specified in decimal, octal or hexadecimal, using the C programming language conventions (e.g., 255, 0377 and 0xff or 0xFF). Finally, string valued capabilities, such as el (clear to end of line sequence) are given by the two-character code, an `=', and then a string ending at the next following `,'. A number of escape sequences are provided in the string valued capabilities for easy encoding of characters there. Both \E and \e map to an ESCAPE character, ^x maps to a control-x for any appropriate x, and the sequences \n \l \r \t \b \f \s give a newline, line-feed, return, tab, backspace, form-feed, and space. Other escapes include \^ for ^, \\ for \, \, for comma, \: for :, and \0 for null. (\0 will produce \200, which does not terminate a string but behaves as a null character on most terminals, provid- ing CS7 is specified. See stty(y).) Finally, characters may be given as three octal digits after a \. A delay in milliseconds may appear anywhere in a string capability, enclosed in $<..> brackets, as in el=\EK$<5>, and padding characters are supplied by tputs to provide this delay. The delay must be a number with at most one decimal place of precision; it may be followed by suffixes `*' or '/' or both. A `*' indicates that the padding required is proportional to the number of lines affected by the operation, and the amount given is the per- affected-unit padding required. (In the case of insert character, the factor is still the number of lines affected.) Normally, padding is advisory if the device has the xon capability; it is used for cost computation but does not trigger delays. A `/' suffix indicates that the padding is mandatory and forces a delay of the given number of milliseconds even on devices for which xon is present to indicate flow control. Sometimes individual capabilities must be commented out. To do this, put a period before the capability name. For example, see the second ind in the example above. Fetching Compiled Descriptions If the environment variable TERMINFO is set, it is inter- preted as the pathname of a directory containing the com- piled description you are working on. Only that directory is searched. If TERMINFO is not set, the ncurses version of the ter- minfo reader code will instead look in the directory $HOME/.terminfo for a compiled description. If it fails to find one there, and the environment variable TER- MINFO_DIRS is set, it will interpret the contents of that variable as a list of colon- separated directories to be searched (an empty entry is interpreted as a command to search /usr/share/terminfo). If no description is found in any of the TERMINFO_DIRS directories, the fetch fails. If neither TERMINFO nor TERMINFO_DIRS is set, the last place tried will be the system terminfo directory, /usr/share/terminfo. (Neither the $HOME/.terminfo lookups nor TERMINFO_DIRS extensions are supported under stock System V ter- minfo/curses.) Preparing Descriptions We now outline how to prepare descriptions of terminals. The most effective way to prepare a terminal description is by imitating the description of a similar terminal in terminfo and to build up a description gradually, using partial descriptions with vi or some other screen-oriented program to check that they are correct. Be aware that a very unusual terminal may expose deficiencies in the abil- ity of the terminfo file to describe it or bugs in the screen-handling code of the test program. To get the padding for insert line right (if the terminal manufacturer did not document it) a severe test is to edit a large file at 9600 baud, delete 16 or so lines from the middle of the screen, then hit the `u' key several times quickly. If the terminal messes up, more padding is usu- ally needed. A similar test can be used for insert char- acter. Basic Capabilities The number of columns on each line for the terminal is given by the cols numeric capability. If the terminal is a CRT, then the number of lines on the screen is given by the lines capability. If the terminal wraps around to the beginning of the next line when it reaches the right mar- gin, then it should have the am capability. If the termi- nal can clear its screen, leaving the cursor in the home position, then this is given by the clear string capabil- ity. If the terminal overstrikes (rather than clearing a position when a character is struck over) then it should have the os capability. If the terminal is a printing terminal, with no soft copy unit, give it both hc and os. (os applies to storage scope terminals, such as TEKTRONIX 4010 series, as well as hard copy and APL terminals.) If there is a code to move the cursor to the left edge of the current row, give this as cr. (Normally this will be car- riage return, control M.) If there is a code to produce an audible signal (bell, beep, etc) give this as bel. If there is a code to move the cursor one position to the left (such as backspace) that capability should be given as cub1. Similarly, codes to move to the right, up, and down should be given as cuf1, cuu1, and cud1. These local cursor motions should not alter the text they pass over, for example, you would not normally use `cuf1= ' because the space would erase the character moved over. A very important point here is that the local cursor motions encoded in terminfo are undefined at the left and top edges of a CRT terminal. Programs should never attempt to backspace around the left edge, unless bw is given, and never attempt to go up locally off the top. In order to scroll text up, a program will go to the bottom left corner of the screen and send the ind (index) string. To scroll text down, a program goes to the top left corner of the screen and sends the ri (reverse index) string. The strings ind and ri are undefined when not on their respective corners of the screen. Parameterized versions of the scrolling sequences are indn and rin which have the same semantics as ind and ri except that they take one parameter, and scroll that many lines. They are also undefined except at the appropriate edge of the screen. The am capability tells whether the cursor sticks at the right edge of the screen when text is output, but this does not necessarily apply to a cuf1 from the last column. The only local motion which is defined from the left edge is if bw is given, then a cub1 from the left edge will move to the right edge of the previous row. If bw is not given, the effect is undefined. This is useful for draw- ing a box around the edge of the screen, for example. If the terminal has switch selectable automatic margins, the terminfo file usually assumes that this is on; i.e., am. If the terminal has a command which moves to the first column of the next line, that command can be given as nel (newline). It does not matter if the command clears the remainder of the current line, so if the terminal has no cr and lf it may still be possible to craft a working nel out of one or both of them. These capabilities suffice to describe hard-copy and "glass-tty" terminals. Thus the model 33 teletype is described as 33|tty33|tty|model 33 teletype, bel=^G, cols#72, cr=^M, cud1=^J, hc, ind=^J, os, while the Lear Siegler ADM-3 is described as adm3|3|lsi adm3, am, bel=^G, clear=^Z, cols#80, cr=^M, cub1=^H, cud1=^J, ind=^J, lines#24, Parameterized Strings Cursor addressing and other strings requiring parameters in the terminal are described by a parameterized string capability, with printf(f) like escapes %x in it. For example, to address the cursor, the cup capability is given, using two parameters: the row and column to address to. (Rows and columns are numbered from zero and refer to the physical screen visible to the user, not to any unseen memory.) If the terminal has memory relative cursor addressing, that can be indicated by mrcup. The parameter mechanism uses a stack and special % codes to manipulate it. Typically a sequence will push one of the parameters onto the stack and then print it in some format. Often more complex operations are necessary. The % encodings have the following meanings: %% outputs `%' %[[:]flags][width[.precision]][doxXs] as in printf, flags are [-+#] and space %c print pop() like %c in printf() %s print pop() like %s in printf() %p[1-9] push i'th parm %P[a-z] set dynamic variable [a-z] to pop() %g[a-z] get dynamic variable [a-z] and push it %P[A-Z] set static variable [a-z] to pop() %g[A-Z] get static variable [a-z] and push it %'c' char constant c %{nn} integer constant nn %l push strlen(n) %+ %- %* %/ %m arithmetic (%m is mod): push(pop() op pop()) %& %| %^ bit operations: push(pop() op pop()) %= %> %< logical operations: push(pop() op pop()) %A, %O logical and & or operations (for conditionals) %! %~ unary operations push(op pop()) %i add 1 to first two parameters (for ANSI terminals) %? expr %t thenpart %e elsepart %; if-then-else, %e elsepart is optional. else-if's are possible a la Algol 68: %? c1 %t b1 %e c2 %t b2 %e c3 %t b3 %e c4 %t b4 %e %; ci are conditions, bi are bodies. Binary operations are in postfix form with the operands in the usual order. That is, to get x-5 one would use "%gx%{5}%-". %P and %g variables are persistent across escape-string evaluations. Consider the HP2645, which, to get to row 3 and column 12, needs to be sent \E&a12c03Y padded for 6 milliseconds. Note that the order of the rows and columns is inverted here, and that the row and column are printed as two dig- its. Thus its cup capability is "cup=6\E&%p2%2dc%p1%2dY". The Microterm ACT-IV needs the current row and column sent preceded by a ^T, with the row and column simply encoded in binary, "cup=^T%p1%c%p2%c". Terminals which use "%c" need to be able to backspace the cursor (cub1), and to move the cursor up one line on the screen (cuu1). This is necessary because it is not always safe to transmit \n ^D and \r, as the system may change or discard them. (The library routines dealing with terminfo set tty modes so that tabs are never expanded, so \t is safe to send. This turns out to be essential for the Ann Arbor 4080.) A final example is the LSI ADM-3a, which uses row and col- umn offset by a blank character, thus "cup=\E=%p1%' '%+%c%p2%' '%+%c". After sending `\E=', this pushes the first parameter, pushes the ASCII value for a space (32), adds them (pushing the sum on the stack in place of the two previous values) and outputs that value as a charac- ter. Then the same is done for the second parameter. More complex arithmetic is possible using the stack. Cursor Motions If the terminal has a fast way to home the cursor (to very upper left corner of screen) then this can be given as home; similarly a fast way of getting to the lower left- hand corner can be given as ll; this may involve going up with cuu1 from the home position, but a program should never do this itself (unless ll does) because it can make no assumption about the effect of moving up from the home position. Note that the home position is the same as addressing to (0,0): to the top left corner of the screen, not of memory. (Thus, the \EH sequence on HP terminals cannot be used for home.) If the terminal has row or column absolute cursor address- ing, these can be given as single parameter capabilities hpa (horizontal position absolute) and vpa (vertical posi- tion absolute). Sometimes these are shorter than the more general two parameter sequence (as with the hp2645) and can be used in preference to cup. If there are parameter- ized local motions (e.g., move n spaces to the right) these can be given as cud, cub, cuf, and cuu with a single parameter indicating how many spaces to move. These are primarily useful if the terminal does not have cup, such as the TEKTRONIX 4025. If the terminal needs to be in a special mode when running a program that uses these capabilities, the codes to enter and exit this mode can be given as smcup and rmcup. This arises, for example, from terminals like the Concept with more than one page of memory. If the terminal has only memory relative cursor addressing and not screen relative cursor addressing, a one screen-sized window must be fixed into the terminal for cursor addressing to work properly. This is also used for the TEKTRONIX 4025, where smcup sets the command character to be the one used by terminfo. If the smcup sequence will not restore the screen after an rmcup sequence is output (to the state prior to outputting rmcup), specify nrrmc. Area Clears If the terminal can clear from the current position to the end of the line, leaving the cursor where it is, this should be given as el. If the terminal can clear from the beginning of the line to the current position inclusive, leaving the cursor where it is, this should be given as el1. If the terminal can clear from the current position to the end of the display, then this should be given as ed. Ed is only defined from the first column of a line. (Thus, it can be simulated by a request to delete a large number of lines, if a true ed is not available.) Insert/delete line and vertical motions If the terminal can open a new blank line before the line where the cursor is, this should be given as il1; this is done only from the first position of a line. The cursor must then appear on the newly blank line. If the terminal can delete the line which the cursor is on, then this should be given as dl1; this is done only from the first position on the line to be deleted. Versions of il1 and dl1 which take a single parameter and insert or delete that many lines can be given as il and dl. If the terminal has a settable scrolling region (like the vt100) the command to set this can be described with the csr capability, which takes two parameters: the top and bottom lines of the scrolling region. The cursor position is, alas, undefined after using this command. It is possible to get the effect of insert or delete line using csr on a properly chosen region; the sc and rc (save and restore cursor) commands may be useful for ensuring that your synthesized insert/delete string does not move the cursor. (Note that the ncurses(s) library does this synthesis automatically, so you need not compose insert/delete strings for an entry with csr). Yet another way to construct insert and delete might be to use a combination of index with the memory-lock feature found on some terminals (like the HP-700/90 series, which however also has insert/delete). Inserting lines at the top or bottom of the screen can also be done using ri or ind on many terminals without a true insert/delete line, and is often faster even on ter- minals with those features. The boolean non_dest_scroll_region should be set if each scrolling window is effectively a view port on a screen- sized canvas. To test for this capability, create a scrolling region in the middle of the screen, write some- thing to the bottom line, move the cursor to the top of the region, and do ri followed by dl1 or ind. If the data scrolled off the bottom of the region by the ri re- appears, then scrolling is non-destructive. System V and XSI Curses expect that ind, ri, indn, and rin will simu- late destructive scrolling; their documentation cautions you not to define csr unless this is true. This curses implementation is more liberal and will do explicit erases after scrolling if ndstr is defined. If the terminal has the ability to define a window as part of memory, which all commands affect, it should be given as the parameterized string wind. The four parameters are the starting and ending lines in memory and the starting and ending columns in memory, in that order. If the terminal can retain display memory above, then the da capability should be given; if display memory can be retained below, then db should be given. These indicate that deleting a line or scrolling may bring non-blank lines up from below or that scrolling back with ri may bring down non-blank lines. Insert/Delete Character There are two basic kinds of intelligent terminals with respect to insert/delete character which can be described using terminfo. The most common insert/delete character operations affect only the characters on the current line and shift characters off the end of the line rigidly. Other terminals, such as the Concept 100 and the Perkin Elmer Owl, make a distinction between typed and untyped blanks on the screen, shifting upon an insert or delete only to an untyped blank on the screen which is either eliminated, or expanded to two untyped blanks. You can determine the kind of terminal you have by clearing the screen and then typing text separated by cursor motions. Type "abc def" using local cursor motions (not spaces) between the "abc" and the "def". Then position the cursor before the "abc" and put the terminal in insert mode. If typing characters causes the rest of the line to shift rigidly and characters to fall off the end, then your ter- minal does not distinguish between blanks and untyped positions. If the "abc" shifts over to the "def" which then move together around the end of the current line and onto the next as you insert, you have the second type of terminal, and should give the capability in, which stands for "insert null". While these are two logically separate attributes (one line versus multi-line insert mode, and special treatment of untyped spaces) we have seen no ter- minals whose insert mode cannot be described with the sin- gle attribute. Terminfo can describe both terminals which have an insert mode, and terminals which send a simple sequence to open a blank position on the current line. Give as smir the sequence to get into insert mode. Give as rmir the sequence to leave insert mode. Now give as ich1 any sequence needed to be sent just before sending the charac- ter to be inserted. Most terminals with a true insert mode will not give ich1; terminals which send a sequence to open a screen position should give it here. If your terminal has both, insert mode is usually preferable to ich1. Technically, you should not give both unless the terminal actually requires both to be used in combination. Accordingly, some non-curses applications get confused if both are present; the symptom is doubled characters in an update using insert. This requirement is now rare; most ich sequences do not require previous smir, and most smir insert modes do not require ich1 before each character. Therefore, the new curses actually assumes this is the case and uses either rmir/smir or ich/ich1 as appropriate (but not both). If you have to write an entry to be used under new curses for a terminal old enough to need both, include the rmir/smir sequences in ich1. If post insert padding is needed, give this as a number of milliseconds in ip (a string option). Any other sequence which may need to be sent after an insert of a single character may also be given in ip. If your terminal needs both to be placed into an `insert mode' and a special code to precede each inserted character, then both smir/rmir and ich1 can be given, and both will be used. The ich capability, with one parameter, n, will repeat the effects of ich1 n times. If padding is necessary between characters typed while not in insert mode, give this as a number of milliseconds padding in rmp. It is occasionally necessary to move around while in insert mode to delete characters on the same line (e.g., if there is a tab after the insertion position). If your terminal allows motion while in insert mode you can give the capability mir to speed up inserting in this case. Omitting mir will affect only speed. Some terminals (notably Datamedia's) must not have mir because of the way their insert mode works. Finally, you can specify dch1 to delete a single charac- ter, dch with one parameter, n, to delete n characters, and delete mode by giving smdc and rmdc to enter and exit delete mode (any mode the terminal needs to be placed in for dch1 to work). A command to erase n characters (equivalent to outputting n blanks without moving the cursor) can be given as ech with one parameter. Highlighting, Underlining, and Visible Bells If your terminal has one or more kinds of display attributes, these can be represented in a number of dif- ferent ways. You should choose one display form as stand- out mode, representing a good, high contrast, easy-on-the- eyes, format for highlighting error messages and other attention getters. (If you have a choice, reverse video plus half-bright is good, or reverse video alone.) The sequences to enter and exit standout mode are given as smso and rmso, respectively. If the code to change into or out of standout mode leaves one or even two blank spaces on the screen, as the TVI 912 and Teleray 1061 do, then xmc should be given to tell how many spaces are left. Codes to begin underlining and end underlining can be given as smul and rmul respectively. If the terminal has a code to underline the current character and move the cursor one space to the right, such as the Microterm Mime, this can be given as uc. Other capabilities to enter various highlighting modes include blink (blinking) bold (bold or extra bright) dim (dim or half-bright) invis (blanking or invisible text) prot (protected) rev (reverse video) sgr0 (turn off all attribute modes) smacs (enter alternate character set mode) and rmacs (exit alternate character set mode). Turning on any of these modes singly may or may not turn off other modes. If there is a sequence to set arbitrary combinations of modes, this should be given as sgr (set attributes), tak- ing 9 parameters. Each parameter is either 0 or nonzero, as the corresponding attribute is on or off. The 9 param- eters are, in order: standout, underline, reverse, blink, dim, bold, blank, protect, alternate character set. Not all modes need be supported by sgr, only those for which corresponding separate attribute commands exist. For example, the DEC vt220 supports most of the modes: center; l c c l c c lw28 lw6 lw2 lw20. tparm parameterat- tributeescape sequence none none \E[0m p1 standout \E[0;1;7m p2 under- line \E[0;4m p3 reverse \E[0;7m p4 blink \E[0;5m p5 dim not available p6 bold \E[0;1m p7 invis \E[0;8m p8 protect not used p9 altcharset^O (off) ^N (on) We begin each escape sequence by turning off any existing modes, since there is no quick way to determine whether they are active. Standout is set up to be the combination of reverse and bold. The vt220 terminal has a protect mode, though it is not commonly used in sgr because it protects characters on the screen from the host's era- sures. The altcharset mode also is different in that it is either ^O or ^N, depending on whether it is off or on. If all modes are turned on, the resulting sequence is \E[0;1;4;5;7;8m^N. Some sequences are common to different modes. For exam- ple, ;7 is output when either p1 or p3 is true, that is, if either standout or reverse modes are turned on. Writing out the above sequences, along with their depen- dencies yields center; l c c l c c lw28 lw6 lw2 lw20. sequence when to outputterminfo translation \E[0 always \E[0 ;1 if p1 or p6%?%p1%p6%|%t;1%; ;4 if p2%?%p2%|%t;4%; ;5 if p4 %?%p4%|%t;5%; ;7 if p1 or p3%?%p1%p3%|%t;7%; ;8 if p7 %?%p7%|%t;8%; m always m ^N or ^O if p9 ^N, else ^O%?%p9%t^N%e^O%; Putting this all together into the sgr sequence gives: sgr=\E[0%?%p1%p6%|%t;1%;%?%p2%t;4%;%?%p1%p3%|%t;7%; %?%p4%t;5%;%?%p7%t;8%;m%?%p9%t\016%e\017%;, Remember that if you specify sgr, you must also specify sgr0. Terminals with the ``magic cookie'' glitch (xmc) deposit special ``cookies'' when they receive mode-setting sequences, which affect the display algorithm rather than having extra bits for each character. Some terminals, such as the HP 2621, automatically leave standout mode when they move to a new line or the cursor is addressed. Programs using standout mode should exit standout mode before moving the cursor or sending a newline, unless the msgr capability, asserting that it is safe to move in standout mode, is present. If the terminal has a way of flashing the screen to indi- cate an error quietly (a bell replacement) then this can be given as flash; it must not move the cursor. If the cursor needs to be made more visible than normal when it is not on the bottom line (to make, for example, a non-blinking underline into an easier to find block or blinking underline) give this sequence as cvvis. If there is a way to make the cursor completely invisible, give that as civis. The capability cnorm should be given which undoes the effects of both of these modes. If your terminal correctly generates underlined characters (with no special codes needed) even though it does not overstrike, then you should give the capability ul. If a character overstriking another leaves both characters on the screen, specify the capability os. If overstrikes are erasable with a blank, then this should be indicated by giving eo. Keypad and Function Keys If the terminal has a keypad that transmits codes when the keys are pressed, this information can be given. Note that it is not possible to handle terminals where the key- pad only works in local (this applies, for example, to the unshifted HP 2621 keys). If the keypad can be set to transmit or not transmit, give these codes as smkx and rmkx. Otherwise the keypad is assumed to always transmit. The codes sent by the left arrow, right arrow, up arrow, down arrow, and home keys can be given as kcub1, kcuf1, kcuu1, kcud1, and khome respectively. If there are func- tion keys such as f0, f1, ..., f10, the codes they send can be given as kf0, kf1, ..., kf10. If these keys have labels other than the default f0 through f10, the labels can be given as lf0, lf1, ..., lf10. The codes transmit- ted by certain other special keys can be given: kll (home down), kbs (backspace), ktbc (clear all tabs), kctab (clear the tab stop in this column), kclr (clear screen or erase key), kdch1 (delete character), kdl1 (delete line), krmir (exit insert mode), kel (clear to end of line), ked (clear to end of screen), kich1 (insert character or enter insert mode), kil1 (insert line), knp (next page), kpp (previous page), kind (scroll forward/down), kri (scroll backward/up), khts (set a tab stop in this column). In addition, if the keypad has a 3 by 3 array of keys includ- ing the four arrow keys, the other five keys can be given as ka1, ka3, kb2, kc1, and kc3. These keys are useful when the effects of a 3 by 3 directional pad are needed. Strings to program function keys can be given as pfkey, pfloc, and pfx. A string to program screen labels should be specified as pln. Each of these strings takes two parameters: the function key number to program (from 0 to 10) and the string to program it with. Function key num- bers out of this range may program undefined keys in a terminal dependent manner. The difference between the capabilities is that pfkey causes pressing the given key to be the same as the user typing the given string; pfloc causes the string to be executed by the terminal in local; and pfx causes the string to be transmitted to the com- puter. The capabilities nlab, lw and lh define the number of pro- grammable screen labels and their width and height. If there are commands to turn the labels on and off, give them in smln and rmln. smln is normally output after one or more pln sequences to make sure that the change becomes visible. Tabs and Initialization If the terminal has hardware tabs, the command to advance to the next tab stop can be given as ht (usually control I). A ``back-tab'' command which moves leftward to the preceding tab stop can be given as cbt. By convention, if the teletype modes indicate that tabs are being expanded by the computer rather than being sent to the terminal, programs should not use ht or cbt even if they are pre- sent, since the user may not have the tab stops properly set. If the terminal has hardware tabs which are ini- tially set every n spaces when the terminal is powered up, the numeric parameter it is given, showing the number of spaces the tabs are set to. This is normally used by the tset command to determine whether to set the mode for hardware tab expansion, and whether to set the tab stops. If the terminal has tab stops that can be saved in non- volatile memory, the terminfo description can assume that they are properly set. Other capabilities include is1, is2, and is3, initializa- tion strings for the terminal, iprog, the path name of a program to be run to initialize the terminal, and if, the name of a file containing long initialization strings. These strings are expected to set the terminal into modes consistent with the rest of the terminfo description. They are normally sent to the terminal, by the init option of the tput program, each time the user logs in. They will be printed in the following order: run the program iprog; output is1; is2; set the margins using mgc, smgl and smgr; set tabs using tbc and hts; print the file if; and finally output is3. Most initialization is done with is2. Special terminal modes can be set up without duplicating strings by putting the common sequences in is2 and special cases in is1 and is3. A pair of sequences that does a harder reset from a totally unknown state can be analogously given as rs1, rs2, rf, and rs3, analogous to is2 and if. These strings are output by the reset program, which is used when the terminal gets into a wedged state. Commands are normally placed in rs1, rs2 rs3 and rf only if they produce annoy- ing effects on the screen and are not necessary when log- ging in. For example, the command to set the vt100 into 80-column mode would normally be part of is2, but it causes an annoying glitch of the screen and is not nor- mally needed since the terminal is usually already in 80 column mode. If there are commands to set and clear tab stops, they can be given as tbc (clear all tab stops) and hts (set a tab stop in the current column of every row). If a more complex sequence is needed to set the tabs than can be described by this, the sequence can be placed in is2 or if. Delays and Padding Many older and slower terminals don't support either XON/XOFF or DTR handshaking, including hard copy terminals and some very archaic CRTs (including, for example, DEC VT100s). These may require padding characters after cer- tain cursor motions and screen changes. If the terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking for flow control (that is, it automatically emits ^S back to the host when its input buffers are close to full), set xon. This capa- bility suppresses the emission of padding. You can also set it for memory-mapped console devices effectively that don't have a speed limit. Padding information should still be included so that routines can make better deci- sions about relative costs, but actual pad characters will not be transmitted. If pb (padding baud rate) is given, padding is suppressed at baud rates below the value of pb. If the entry has no padding baud rate, then whether padding is emitted or not is completely controlled by xon. If the terminal requires other than a null (zero) charac- ter as a pad, then this can be given as pad. Only the first character of the pad string is used. Status Lines Some terminals have an extra `status line' which is not normally used by software (and thus not counted in the terminal's lines capability). The simplest case is a status line which is cursor- addressable but not part of the main scrolling region on the screen; the Heathkit H19 has a status line of this kind, as would a 24-line VT100 with a 23-line scrolling region set up on initialization. This situation is indi- cated by the hs capability. Some terminals with status lines need special sequences to access the status line. These may be expressed as a string with single parameter tsl which takes the cursor to a given zero-origin column on the status line. The capa- bility fsl must return to the main-screen cursor positions before the last tsl. You may need to embed the string values of sc (save cursor) and rc (restore cursor) in tsl and fsl to accomplish this. The status line is normally assumed to be the same width as the width of the terminal. If this is untrue, you can specify it with the numeric capability wsl. A command to erase or blank the status line may be speci- fied as dsl. The boolean capability eslok specifies that escape sequences, tabs, etc., work ordinarily in the status line. The ncurses implementation does not yet use any of these capabilities. They are documented here in case they ever become important. Line Graphics Many terminals have alternate character sets useful for forms-drawing. Terminfo and curses build in support for the drawing characters supported by the VT100, with some characters from the AT&T 4410v1 added. This alternate character set may be specified by the acsc capability. center expand; c l l c c l l c lw28 lw6 lw2 lw20. Glyph ACSAsciiVT100 Name Name DefaultName UK pound sign ACS_STERLINGf} arrow pointing dow- nACS_DARROWv. arrow pointing leftACS_LARROW<, arrow pointing rightACS_RARROW>+ arrow pointing upACS_UARROW^- board of squaresACS_BOARD#h bullet ACS_BULLETo~ checker board (stipple)ACS_CKBOARD:a degree symbol ACS_DEGREE\f diamond ACS_DIAMOND+` greater-than- or-equal-toACS_GEQUAL>z greek pi ACS_PI*{ horizon- tal line ACS_HLINE-q lantern symbol ACS_LANTERN#i large plus or crossoverACS_PLUS+n less-than-or-equal- toACS_LEQUAL<y lower left cornerACS_LLCORNER+m lower right cornerACS_LRCORNER+j not-equal ACS_NEQUAL!| plus/minus ACS_PLMINUS#g scan line 1 ACS_S1 ~o scan line 3 ACS_S3 -p scan line 7 ACS_S7 -r scan line 9 ACS_S9 _s solid square blockACS_BLOCK#0 tee pointing downACS_TTEE+w tee pointing leftACS_RTEE+u tee pointing rightACS_LTEE+t tee pointing up ACS_BTEE+v upper left cornerACS_ULCORNER+l upper right cornerACS_URCORNER+k vertical line ACS_VLINE|x The best way to define a new device's graphics set is to add a column to a copy of this table for your terminal, giving the character which (when emitted between smacs/rmacs switches) will be rendered as the correspond- ing graphic. Then read off the VT100/your terminal char- acter pairs right to left in sequence; these become the ACSC string. Color Handling Most color terminals are either `Tektronix-like' or `HP- like'. Tektronix-like terminals have a predefined set of N colors (where N usually 8), and can set character-cell foreground and background characters independently, mixing them into N * N color-pairs. On HP-like terminals, the use must set each color pair up separately (foreground and background are not independently settable). Up to M color-pairs may be set up from 2*M different colors. ANSI-compatible terminals are Tektronix-like. Some basic color capabilities are independent of the color method. The numeric capabilities colors and pairs specify the maximum numbers of colors and color-pairs that can be displayed simultaneously. The op (original pair) string resets foreground and background colors to their default values for the terminal. The oc string resets all colors or color-pairs to their default values for the terminal. Some terminals (including many PC terminal emulators) erase screen areas with the current background color rather than the power-up default background; these should have the boolean capability bce. To change the current foreground or background color on a Tektronix-type terminal, use setaf (set ANSI foreground) and setab (set ANSI background) or setf (set foreground) and setb (set background). These take one parameter, the color number. The SVr4 documentation describes only setaf/setab; the XPG4 draft says that "If the terminal supports ANSI escape sequences to set background and fore- ground, they should be coded as setaf and setab, respec- tively. If the terminal supports other escape sequences to set background and foreground, they should be coded as setf and setb, respectively. The vidputs() function and the refresh functions use setaf and setab if they are defined." The setaf/setab and setf/setb capabilities take a single numeric argument each. Argument values 0-7 are portably defined as follows (the middle column is the symbolic #define available in the header for the curses or ncurses libraries). The terminal hardware is free to map these as it likes, but the RGB values indicate normal locations in color space. center; l c c c l l n l. Color #define ValueRGB black COLOR_BLACK00, 0, 0 red COLOR_RED 1max,0,0 green COLOR_GREEN20,max,0 yel- low COLOR_YELLOW3max,max,0 blue COLOR_BLUE40,0,max magenta COLOR_MAGENTA5max,0,max cyan COLOR_CYAN60,max,max white COLOR_WHITE7max,max,max On an HP-like terminal, use scp with a color-pair number parameter to set which color pair is current. On a Tektronix-like terminal, the capability ccc may be present to indicate that colors can be modified. If so, the initc capability will take a color number (0 to colors - 1)and three more parameters which describe the color. These three parameters default to being interpreted as RGB (Red, Green, Blue) values. If the boolean capability hls is present, they are instead as HLS (Hue, Lightness, Satu- ration) indices. The ranges are terminal-dependent. On an HP-like terminal, initp may give a capability for changing a color-pair value. It will take seven parame- ters; a color-pair number (0 to max_pairs - 1), and two triples describing first background and then foreground colors. These parameters must be (Red, Green, Blue) or (Hue, Lightness, Saturation) depending on hls. On some color terminals, colors collide with highlights. You can register these collisions with the ncv capability. This is a bit-mask of attributes not to be used when col- ors are enabled. The correspondence with the attributes understood by curses is as follows: center; l c c lw25 lw2 lw10. Attribute BitDecimal A_STANDOUT 01 A_UNDERLINE 12 A_REVERSE 24 A_BLINK 38 A_DIM 416 A_BOLD 532 A_INVIS 664 A_PROTECT 7128 A_ALTCHARSET 8256 For example, on many IBM PC consoles, the underline attribute collides with the foreground color blue and is not available in color mode. These should have an ncv capability of 2. SVr4 curses does nothing with ncv, ncurses recognizes it and optimizes the output in favor of colors. Miscellaneous If the terminal requires other than a null (zero) character as a pad, then this can be given as pad. Only the first character of the pad string is used. If the terminal does not have a pad character, specify npc. Note that ncurses implements the termcap-compatible PC vari- able; though the application may set this value to some- thing other than a null, ncurses will test npc first and use napms if the terminal has no pad character. If the terminal can move up or down half a line, this can be indicated with hu (half-line up) and hd (half-line down). This is primarily useful for superscripts and sub- scripts on hard-copy terminals. If a hard-copy terminal can eject to the next page (form feed), give this as ff (usually control L). If there is a command to repeat a given character a given number of times (to save time transmitting a large number of identical characters) this can be indicated with the parameterized string rep. The first parameter is the character to be repeated and the second is the number of times to repeat it. Thus, tparm(repeat_char, 'x', 10) is the same as `xxxxxxxxxx'. If the terminal has a settable command character, such as the TEKTRONIX 4025, this can be indicated with cmdch. A prototype command character is chosen which is used in all capabilities. This character is given in the cmdch capa- bility to identify it. The following convention is sup- ported on some UNIX systems: The environment is to be searched for a CC variable, and if found, all occurrences of the prototype character are replaced with the character in the environment variable. Terminal descriptions that do not represent a specific kind of known terminal, such as switch, dialup, patch, and network, should include the gn (generic) capability so that programs can complain that they do not know how to talk to the terminal. (This capability does not apply to virtual terminal descriptions for which the escape sequences are known.) If the terminal has a ``meta key'' which acts as a shift key, setting the 8th bit of any character transmitted, this fact can be indicated with km. Otherwise, software will assume that the 8th bit is parity and it will usually be cleared. If strings exist to turn this ``meta mode'' on and off, they can be given as smm and rmm. If the terminal has more lines of memory than will fit on the screen at once, the number of lines of memory can be indicated with lm. A value of lm#0 indicates that the number of lines is not fixed, but that there is still more memory than fits on the screen. If the terminal is one of those supported by the UNIX vir- tual terminal protocol, the terminal number can be given as vt. Media copy strings which control an auxiliary printer con- nected to the terminal can be given as mc0: print the con- tents of the screen, mc4: turn off the printer, and mc5: turn on the printer. When the printer is on, all text sent to the terminal will be sent to the printer. It is undefined whether the text is also displayed on the termi- nal screen when the printer is on. A variation mc5p takes one parameter, and leaves the printer on for as many characters as the value of the parameter, then turns the printer off. The parameter should not exceed 255. All text, including mc4, is transparently passed to the printer while an mc5p is in effect. Glitches and Braindamage Hazeltine terminals, which do not allow `~' characters to be displayed should indicate hz. Terminals which ignore a line-feed immediately after an am wrap, such as the Concept and vt100, should indicate xenl. If el is required to get rid of standout (instead of merely writing normal text on top of it), xhp should be given. Teleray terminals, where tabs turn all characters moved over to blanks, should indicate xt (destructive tabs). Note: the variable indicating this is now `dest_tabs_magic_smso'; in older versions, it was tel- eray_glitch. This glitch is also taken to mean that it is not possible to position the cursor on top of a ``magic cookie'', that to erase standout mode it is instead neces- sary to use delete and insert line. The ncurses implemen- tation ignores this glitch. The Beehive Superbee, which is unable to correctly trans- mit the escape or control C characters, has xsb, indicat- ing that the f1 key is used for escape and f2 for control C. (Only certain Superbees have this problem, depending on the ROM.) Note that in older terminfo versions, this capability was called `beehive_glitch'; it is now `no_esc_ctl_c'. Other specific terminal problems may be corrected by adding more capabilities of the form xx. Similar Terminals If there are two very similar terminals, one (the variant) can be defined as being just like the other (the base) with certain exceptions. In the definition of the vari- ant, the string capability use can be given with the name of the base terminal. The capabilities given before use override those in the base type named by use. If there are multiple use capabilities, they are merged in reverse order. That is, the rightmost use reference is processed first, then the one to its left, and so forth. Capabili- ties given explicitly in the entry override those brought in by use references. A capability can be canceled by placing xx@ to the left of the use reference that imports it, where xx is the capa- bility. For example, the entry 2621-nl, smkx@, rmkx@, use=2621, defines a 2621-nl that does not have the smkx or rmkx capabilities, and hence does not turn on the function key labels when in visual mode. This is useful for different modes for a terminal, or for different user preferences. Pitfalls of Long Entries Long terminfo entries are unlikely to be a problem; to date, no entry has even approached terminfo's 4K string- table maximum. Unfortunately, the termcap translations are much more strictly limited (to 1K), thus termcap translations of long terminfo entries can cause problems. The man pages for 4.3BSD and older versions of tgetent() instruct the user to allocate a 1K buffer for the termcap entry. The entry gets null-terminated by the termcap library, so that makes the maximum safe length for a term- cap entry 1k-1 (1023) bytes. Depending on what the appli- cation and the termcap library being used does, and where in the termcap file the terminal type that tgetent() is searching for is, several bad things can happen. Some termcap libraries print a warning message or exit if they find an entry that's longer than 1023 bytes; others don't; others truncate the entries to 1023 bytes. Some application programs allocate more than the recommended 1K for the termcap entry; others don't. Each termcap entry has two important sizes associated with it: before "tc" expansion, and after "tc" expansion. "tc" is the capability that tacks on another termcap entry to the end of the current one, to add on its capabilities. If a termcap entry doesn't use the "tc" capability, then of course the two lengths are the same. The "before tc expansion" length is the most important one, because it affects more than just users of that par- ticular terminal. This is the length of the entry as it exists in /etc/termcap, minus the backslash-newline pairs, which tgetent() strips out while reading it. Some termcap libraries strip off the final newline, too (GNU termcap does not). Now suppose: * a termcap entry before expansion is more than 1023 bytes long, * and the application has only allocated a 1k buffer, * and the termcap library (like the one in BSD/OS 1.1 and GNU) reads the whole entry into the buffer, no matter what its length, to see if it's the entry it wants, * and tgetent() is searching for a terminal type that either is the long entry, appears in the termcap file after the long entry, or doesn't appear in the file at all (so that tgetent() has to search the whole termcap file). Then tgetent() will overwrite memory, perhaps its stack, and probably core dump the program. Programs like telnet are particularly vulnerable; modern telnets pass along values like the terminal type automatically. The results are almost as undesirable with a termcap library, like SunOS 4.1.3 and Ultrix 4.4, that prints warning messages when it reads an overly long termcap entry. If a termcap library truncates long entries, like OSF/1 3.0, it is immune to dying here but will return incorrect data for the terminal. The "after tc expansion" length will have a similar effect to the above, but only for people who actually set TERM to that terminal type, since tgetent() only does "tc" expan- sion once it's found the terminal type it was looking for, not while searching. In summary, a termcap entry that is longer than 1023 bytes can cause, on various combinations of termcap libraries and applications, a core dump, warnings, or incorrect operation. If it's too long even before "tc" expansion, it will have this effect even for users of some other ter- minal types and users whose TERM variable does not have a termcap entry. When in -C (translate to termcap) mode, the ncurses imple- mentation of tic(c) issues warning messages when the pre- tc length of a termcap translation is too long. The -c (check) option also checks resolved (after tc expansion) lengths. Binary Compatibility It is not wise to count on portability of binary terminfo entries between commercial UNIX versions. The problem is that there are at least two versions of terminfo (under HP-UX and AIX) which diverged from System V terminfo after SVr1, and have added extension capabilities to the string table that (in the binary format) collide with System V and XSI Curses extensions. EXTENSIONS Some SVr4 curses implementations, and all previous to SVr4, don't interpret the %A and %O operators in parameter strings. SVr4/XPG4 do not specify whether msgr licenses movement while in an alternate-character-set mode (such modes may, among other things, map CR and NL to characters that don't trigger local motions). The ncurses implementation ignores msgr in ALTCHARSET mode. This raises the possi- bility that an XPG4 implementation making the opposite interpretation may need terminfo entries made for ncurses to have msgr turned off. The ncurses library handles insert-character and insert- character modes in a slightly non-standard way to get bet- ter update efficiency. See the Insert/Delete Character subsection above. The parameter substitutions for set_clock and dis- play_clock are not documented in SVr4 or the XSI Curses standard. They are deduced from the documentation for the AT&T 505 terminal. Be careful assigning the kmous capability. The ncurses wants to interpret it as KEY_MOUSE, for use by terminals and emulators like xterm that can return mouse-tracking information in the keyboard-input stream. Different commercial ports of terminfo and curses support different subsets of the XSI Curses standard and (in some cases) different extension sets. Here is a summary, accu- rate as of October 1995: SVR4, Solaris, ncurses -- These support all SVr4 capabili- ties. SGI -- Supports the SVr4 set, adds one undocumented extended string capability (set_pglen). SVr1, Ultrix -- These support a restricted subset of terminfo capabilities. The booleans end with xon_xoff; the numerics with width_status_line; and the strings with prtr_non. HP/UX -- Supports the SVr1 subset, plus the SVr[234] numerics num_labels, label_height, label_width, plus func- tion keys 11 through 63, plus plab_norm, label_on, and label_off, plus some incompatible extensions in the string table. AIX -- Supports the SVr1 subset, plus function keys 11 through 63, plus a number of incompatible string table extensions. OSF -- Supports both the SVr4 set and the AIX extensions. FILES /usr/share/terminfo/?/* files containing terminal descriptions SEE ALSO tic(c), curses(s), printf(f), term(m). AUTHORS Zeyd M. Ben-Halim, Eric S. Raymond, Thomas E. Dickey. Based on pcurses by Pavel Curtis. TERMINFO(O)