STRTOL(L)           Linux Programmer's Manual           STRTOL(L)



NAME
       strtol, strtoll - convert a string to a long integer.

SYNOPSIS
       #include <stdlib.h>

       long int
       strtol(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);

       long long int
       strtoll(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);

DESCRIPTION
       The  strtol()  function  converts  the initial part of the
       string in nptr to a long integer value  according  to  the
       given  base,  which must be between 2 and 36 inclusive, or
       be the special value 0.

       The string must begin with an arbitrary  amount  of  white
       space  (as  determined by isspace(e)) followed by a single
       optional `+' or `-' sign.  If base  is  zero  or  16,  the
       string may then include a `0x' prefix, and the number will
       be read in base 16; otherwise, a zero base is taken as  10
       (decimal)  unless the next character is `0', in which case
       it is taken as 8 (octal).

       The remainder of the string is converted  to  a  long  int
       value in the obvious manner, stopping at the first charac-
       ter which is not a valid digit in  the  given  base.   (In
       bases  above  10,  the letter `A' in either upper or lower
       case represents 10, `B' represents 11, and so forth,  with
       `Z' representing 35.)

       If  endptr is not NULL, strtol() stores the address of the
       first invalid character in *endptr.  If there were no dig-
       its  at all, strtol() stores the original value of nptr in
       *endptr (and returns 0).  In particular, if *nptr  is  not
       `\0'  but **endptr is `\0' on return, the entire string is
       valid.

       The strtoll() function works just like the strtol()  func-
       tion but returns a long long integer value.

RETURN VALUE
       The  strtol()  function  returns the result of the conver-
       sion, unless the value would underflow or overflow.  If an
       underflow  occurs, strtol() returns LONG_MIN.  If an over-
       flow occurs, strtol() returns LONG_MAX.   In  both  cases,
       errno is set to ERANGE.  Precisely the same holds for str-
       toll() (with LLONG_MIN and LLONG_MAX instead  of  LONG_MIN
       and LONG_MAX).

ERRORS
       ERANGE The resulting value was out of range.

       EINVAL (not in C99) The given base contains an unsupported
              value.

       The implementation may also set errno to EINVAL in case no
       conversion was performed (no digits seen, and 0 returned).

NOTE
       In locales other than the "C" locale, also  other  strings
       may be accepted.

CONFORMING TO
       strtol()  conforms  to SVID 3, BSD 4.3, ISO 9899 (C99) and
       POSIX, and strtoll() to ISO 9899 (C99) and POSIX-2001.

SEE ALSO
       atof(f), atoi(i), atol(l), strtod(d), strtoul(l)



GNU                         2002-02-22                  STRTOL(L)