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fdrawcmd !!!fdrawcmd Name Note Description Options Commands Modes See Also ---- !!Name fdrawcmd - send raw commands to the floppy disk controller !!Note This manpage has been automatically generated from fdutils's texinfo documentation. However, this process is only approximative, and some items, such as crossreferences, footnotes and indices are lost in this translation process. Indeed, these items have no appropriate representation in the manpage format. Moreover, only the items specific to each command have been translated, and the general information about fdutils has been dropped in the manpage version. Thus I strongly advise you to use the original texinfo doc. * To generate a printable copy from the texinfo doc, run the following commands: __ ./configure; make dvi; dvips fdutils.dvi __ * To generate a html copy, run: __ ./configure; make html __A premade html can be found at: `http://www.tux.org/pub/knaff/fdutils' * To generate an info copy (browsable using emacs' info mode), run: __ ./configure; make info __ The texinfo doc looks most pretty when printed or as html. Indeed, in the info version certain examples are difficult to read due to the quoting conventions used in info. !!Description fdrawcmd [[drive=''drive''] [[rate=''rate'' ] [[length=''length''] [[repeat=''repeat'' ] [[cylinder=''physical-cyl''] ''command'' [[''paramters'' ...] [[''mode'' ] fdrawcmd is used to send raw commands to the floppy disk controller, after having selected a given drive. You must have write permission to the selected drive. When writing to a disk, data is read from stdin; when reading, data is printed to stdout. Diagnostic messages, return values from the controller, and the value of the disk change line after the command are printed to stderr. !!Options All numbers may be given in octal (0211), decimal (137), or hexadecimal (0x89). drive=''drive'' Selects the drive. The default is drive 0 (`/dev/fd0'). rate=''rate'' Selects the data transfer rate. Use 0 for high density disks, 1 for double density 5 1/4 disks (or 2 Mbps tapes, if the appropriate rate table is selected), and 2 for double density 3 1/2 disks. length=''length'' Describes the length of the transferred data for commands reading from and writing to the disk. The default is to continue until end of file. repeat=''count'' Repeat the command ''count'' times. This only works correctly for commands which don't do any data transfer. cylinder=''count'' Seek to the given cylinder before executing the command ''command'' The name of the command to send. ''command'' may be a spelled out name (like read or write), or a number representing the commands floppy disk controller opcode. A named command has already a mode associated with it, whereas for a number the mode parameter should be described using the mode option. ''parameters'' The parameters for the command (optional, not all commands need parameters). ''mode'' Various flags or'ed together describing the properties of the command. !!Commands The description of the various floppy commands given in this manpage is very sketchy. For more details get the 82078 spec sheet which can be found at: __ http://www-techdoc.intel.com/docs/periph/fd_contr/datasheets/ __ Look for the chapter COMMAND SET/DESCRIPTIONS. Older FDCs only support a subset of the commands described therein, but the syntax for the commands that do exist is the same. __Commands available on all FDCs__ read ''drvsel cyl head sect szcod spt rw-gap szcod2'' Reads ''length'' bytes of data from the disk. ''drvsel'' is the drive selector. Bit 0 and 1 describe the drive, and bit 2 describes the head. The remaining parameters give the cylinder, head (yes, again), sector, size of the sector (128 * 2 ^ ''szcod''), sectors per track (spt, this is used to switch to the second head when the first side has been read), and size of the read-write gap. ''szcod2'' should be 0xff. read returns ''ST0 ST1 ST2'' and ''cyl head sect szcod'' of the next sector to be read; see `/usr/include/linux/fdreg.h' . N.B. Certain newer floppy disk controllers are buggy, and do not correctly recognize the end of transfer when operating in virtual DMA mode. For these, you need to set spt to the id of the last sector to be read (for example, if you intend to read sectors 2, 3, 4, set spt to 4, even if the disk has more sectors), and set the no-mt flag. write ''drvsel cyl head sect szcod spt rw-gap szcod2'' Analogous to read. sense ''drvsel'' Returns the third status byte (''ST3'') recalibrate ''drvsel'' Recalibrates the drive and returns ''ST0 ST1''. seek ''drvsel cyl'' Moves the head to ''cyl'' and returns ''ST0 ST1''. specify ''drvsel spec1 spec2'' Specify various parameters to the drive. format ''drvsel szcod sect-per-track fmt-gap fmt-fill'' Formats the cylinder. The new sectors are filled with ''fmt-fill''. The header information comes from the input, which is made up of ''cyl head sect szcod'' quadruples. The ''szcod'' parameter from the command line is used to describe the actual size of the sectors, and the ''szcod'' from the input is used to write into the header. However, the first write to these sectors will use the header information, and might overwrite the following sectors if the ''szcod'' parameter from the command line was too small. readid ''drvsel'' reads the first sector header that comes and returns ''ST0 ST1 ST2'' and ''cyl head sect szcod'' of the encountered header. __Commands available on 82072 and later__ dumpregs Prints the contents of the FDCs registers, if supported. __Commands available on 82072A and later__ configure ''conf1 conf2 conf3'' Configures FIFO operation. __Commands available on 82077 and later__ version Echoes 0x90 if the FDC is more recent than 82072A, and 0x80 otherwise perpendicular ''rate'' Sets the perpendicular mode. Use 0 for normal, 2 for 500kb/s perpendicular, and 3 for 1 Mb/s perpendicular. seek-out ''drvsel n'' does a relative seek of ''n'' cylinders towards cylinder 0. seek-in ''drvsel n'' does a relative seek of ''n'' cylinders away from cylinder 0. __Commands available on 82077AA and later__ lock Locks the FIFO configuration, so that it survives a FDC software reset. unlock Unlock the FIFO configuration __Commands available on 82078__ partid echoes a byte describing the type of the FDC in the 3 high bits, and the stepping in the three low bits. powerdown ''powerconf'' configures automatic power down of the FDC. The old configuration is echoed option ''iso'' enables/disables ISO formats. Odd values of ''iso'' enable these formats, whereas even values disable them. ISO formats don't have index headers, and thus allow to fit slightly more data on a disk. save prints out 16 internal registers of the FDC. restore ''r1 r2 r3 ... r16'' restores the 16 internal registers of the FDC. format_n_write ''drvsel szcod sect-per-track fmt-gap fmt-fill'' formats the cylinder and writes initial data to it. The input data is made up of a sequence of headers (4 bytes) and data: ''header1 data1 header2 data2 ... headern datan'' drivespec ''dspec1 dspec2 ... specn terminator'' chooses rate tables for various drives. Each dspec byte describes one drive. Bits 0 and 1 say which drive is described. Bits 2 and 3 describe the rate table. Only tables 0 and 2 are interesting. Both tables only differ in the meaning og rate 1. For table 0 (the default) rate 0 is 300 kb/s (used for 5 1/4 DD disks), whereas for table 1 it is 2 Mbps (used for fast floppy tape drives). Bit 4 is the precompensation table select bit. It should be set to 0. Bit 5-7 should be zero as well. The ''terminator'' byte ends the drivespec command. It is either 0xc0 or 0x80. If it is 0xc0, no result phase follows; if it is 0x80, the current data rate table configuration for the four drives is echoed. !!Modes The mode option is only needed when you describe the command as a numerical value. Some mode names are also valid command names. They are considered as command name if the command name has not yet been given, and as mode name otherwise. If you give a command name followed by explicit modes, both the implicit flags of the command name, and the explicit modes are or'ed together. If on the other hand you give a command name preceded by explicit modes, only the explicit modes are or'ed together. read Read data from disk using DMA. write Write data to the disk. intr Wait for an interrupt. spin wait for the disk to spin up disk Aborts the operation if no disk is in the drive. This only works if you also chose a physical cylinder to seek to. no-motor Don't switch on the drive motor while issuing the command no-motor-after Switch off the motor immediately after the command returns. fm Uses the FM version of the read, readid, write and format commands. no-mt Do not use MT (multitrack) mode for the read, readid and write commands. This is needed on certain broken FDC's which don't recognize end of transfer when running in nodma mode. In order to use these safely, set no-mt, and chose the id of the last sector to be read as sect-per-track. fdrawcmd opens the device node with the NDELAY flag. This means that the driver should not try to autodetect the disk type (it might not be formatted), and that it should not reset the FDC. If a reset was needed, the command simply fails. If that happens, execute floppycontrol --resetnow 0 , and try again. !!See Also Fdutils' texinfo doc ----
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