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CPIO
!!!CPIO
NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
----
!!NAME


cpio - copy files to and from archives
!!SYNOPSIS


__cpio__ {-o|--create} [[-0acvABLV] [[-C bytes] [[-H format]
[[-M message] [[-O [[[[user@]host:]archive] [[-F
[[[[user@]host:]archive] [[--file=[[[[user@]host:]archive]
[[--format=format] [[--message=message] [[--null]
[[--reset-access-time] [[--verbose] [[--dot] [[--append]
[[--block-size=blocks] [[--dereference] [[--io-size=bytes]
[[--quiet] [[--force-local] [[--rsh-command=command] [[--help]
[[--version] __


__cpio__ {-i|--extract} [[-bcdfmnrtsuvBSV] [[-C bytes] [[-E
file] [[-H format] [[-M message] [[-R [[user][[:.][[group]] [[-I
[[[[user@]host:]archive] [[-F [[[[user@]host:]archive]
[[--file=[[[[user@]host:]archive] [[--make-directories]
[[--nonmatching] [[--preserve-modification-time]
[[--numeric-uid-gid] [[--rename] [[-t|--list] [[--swap-bytes]
[[--swap] [[--dot] [[--unconditional] [[--verbose]
[[--block-size=blocks] [[--swap-halfwords] [[--io-size=bytes]
[[--pattern-file=file] [[--format=format]
[[--owner=[[user][[:.][[group]] [[--no-preserve-owner]
[[--message=message] [[--force-local]
[[--no-absolute-filenames] [[--sparse] [[--only-verify-crc]
[[--quiet] [[--rsh-command=command] [[--help] [[--version]
[[pattern...] [[__


__cpio__ {-p|--pass-through} [[-0adlmuvLV] [[-R
[[user][[:.][[group]] [[--null] [[--reset-access-time]
[[--make-directories] [[--link] [[--quiet]
[[--preserve-modification-time] [[--unconditional] [[--verbose]
[[--dot] [[--dereference] [[--owner=[[user][[:.][[group]]
[[--no-preserve-owner] [[--sparse] [[--help] [[--version]
destination-directory __
!!DESCRIPTION


This manual page documents the GNU version of __cpio__.
__cpio__ copies files into or out of a cpio or tar
archive, which is a file that contains other files plus
information about them, such as their file name, owner,
timestamps, and access permissions. The archive can be
another file on the disk, a magnetic tape, or a pipe.
__cpio__ has three operating modes.


In copy-out mode, __cpio__ copies files into an archive.
It reads a list of filenames, one per line, on the standard
input, and writes the archive onto the standard output. A
typical way to generate the list of filenames is with the
__find__ command; you should give __find__ the -depth
option to minimize problems with permissions on directories
that are unwritable or not searchable.


In copy-in mode, __cpio__ copies files out of an archive
or lists the archive contents. It reads the archive from the
standard input. Any non-option command line arguments are
shell globbing patterns; only files in the archive whose
names match one or more of those patterns are copied from
the archive. Unlike in the shell, an initial `.' in a
filename does match a wildcard at the start of a pattern,
and a `/' in a filename can match wildcards. If no patterns
are given, all files are extracted.


In copy-pass mode, __cpio__ copies files from one
directory tree to another, combining the copy-out and
copy-in steps without actually using an archive. It reads
the list of files to copy from the standard input; the
directory into which it will copy them is given as a
non-option argument.


__cpio__ supports the following archive formats: binary,
old ASCII, new ASCII, crc, HPUX binary, HPUX old ASCII, old
tar, and POSIX.1 tar. The binary format is obsolete because
it encodes information about the files in a way that is not
portable between different machine architectures. The old
ASCII format is portable between different machine
architectures, but should not be used on file systems with
more than 65536 i-nodes. The new ASCII format is portable
between different machine architectures and can be used on
any size file system, but is not supported by all versions
of __cpio__; currently, it is only supported by GNU and
Unix System V R4. The crc format is like the new ASCII
format, but also contains a checksum for each file which
__cpio__ calculates when creating an archive and verifies
when the file is extracted from the archive. The HPUX
formats are provided for compatibility with HPUX's cpio
which stores device files differently.


The tar format is provided for compatability with the
__tar__ program. It can not be used to archive files with
names longer than 100 characters, and can not be used to
archive
__


By default, __cpio__ creates binary format archives, for
compatibility with older __cpio__ programs. When
extracting from archives, __cpio__ automatically
recognizes which kind of archive it is reading and can read
archives created on machines with a different
byte-order.


Some of the options to __cpio__ apply only to certain
operating modes; see the SYNOPSIS section for a list of
which options are allowed in which modes.


__OPTIONS__


''-0, --null''


In copy-out and copy-pass modes, read a list of filenames
terminated by a null character instead of a newline, so that
files whose names contain newlines can be archived. GNU
__find__ is one way to produce a list of null-terminated
filenames.


''-a, --reset-access-time''


Reset the access times of files after reading them, so that
it does not look like they have just been read.


''-A, --append''


Append to an existing archive. Only works in copy-out mode.
The archive must be a disk file specified with the ''-O''
or ''-F (--file)'' option.


''-b, --swap''


In copy-in mode, swap both halfwords of words and bytes of
halfwords in the data. Equivalent to ''-sS''. Use this
option to convert 32-bit integers between big-endian and
little-endian machines.


''-B''


Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes. Initially the block
size is 512 bytes.


''--block-size=BLOCK-SIZE''


Set the I/O block size to BLOCK-SIZE * 512
bytes.


''-c''


Use the old portable (ASCII) archive format.


''-C IO-SIZE, --io-size=IO-SIZE''


Set the I/O block size to IO-SIZE bytes.


''-d, --make-directories''


Create leading directories where needed.


''-E FILE, --pattern-file=FILE''


In copy-in mode, read additional patterns specifying
filenames to extract or list from FILE. The lines of FILE
are treated as if they had been non-option arguments to
__cpio__.


''-f, --nonmatching''


Only copy files that do not match any of the given
patterns.


''-F, --file=archive''


Archive filename to use instead of standard input or output.
To use a tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a
filename that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be
preceded by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape
drive as that user, if you have permission to do so
(typically an entry in that user's `~/.rhosts'
file).


''--force-local''


With ''-F'', ''-I'', or ''-O'', take the archive
file name to be a local file even if it contains a colon,
which would ordinarily indicate a remote host
name.


''-H FORMAT, --format=FORMAT''


Use archive format FORMAT. The valid formats are listed
below; the same names are also recognized in all-caps. The
default in copy-in mode is to automatically detect the
archive format, and in copy-out mode is


bin


The obsolete binary format.


odc


The old (POSIX.1) portable format.


newc


The new (SVR4) portable format, which supports file systems
having more than 65536 i-nodes.


crc


The new (SVR4) portable format with a checksum
added.


tar


The old tar format.


ustar


The POSIX.1 tar format. Also recognizes GNU __tar__
archives, which are similar but not identical.


hpbin


The obsolete binary format used by HPUX's cpio (which stores
device files differently).


hpodc


The portable format used by HPUX's cpio (which stores device
files differently).


''-i, --extract''


Run in copy-in mode.


''-I archive''


Archive filename to use instead of standard input. To use a
tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a filename
that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be preceded
by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape drive as
that user, if you have permission to do so (typically an
entry in that user's `~/.rhosts' file).


''-k''


Ignored; for compatibility with other versions of
__cpio__.


''-l, --link''


Link files instead of copying them, when
possible.


''-L, --dereference''


Dereference symbolic links (copy the files that they point
to instead of copying the links).


''-m, --preserve-modification-time''


Retain previous file modification times when creating
files.


''-M MESSAGE, --message=MESSAGE''


Print MESSAGE when the end of a volume of the backup media
(such as a tape or a floppy disk) is reached, to prompt the
user to insert a new volume. If MESSAGE contains the string


''-n, --numeric-uid-gid''


In the verbose table of contents listing, show numeric UID
and GID instead of translating them into names. Also
extracts tar archives using the numeric UID and GID instead
of the user/group names. (__cpio__ archives are always
extracted using the numeric UID and GID.)


''--no-absolute-filenames''


In copy-in mode, create all files relative to the current
directory, even if they have an absolute file name in the
archive.


''--no-preserve-owner''


In copy-in mode and copy-pass mode, do not change the
ownership of the files; leave them owned by the user
extracting them. This is the default for non-root users, so
that users on System V don't inadvertantly give away
files.


''-o, --create''


Run in copy-out mode.


''-O archive''


Archive filename to use instead of standard output. To use a
tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a filename
that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be preceded
by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape drive as
that user, if you have permission to do so (typically an
entry in that user's `~/.rhosts' file).


''--only-verify-crc''


When reading a CRC format archive in copy-in mode, only
verify the CRC's of each file in the archive, don't actually
extract the files.


''-p, --pass-through''


Run in copy-pass mode.


''--quiet''


Do not print the number of blocks copied.


''-r, --rename''


Interactively rename files.


''-R [[user][[:.][[group], --owner
[[user][[:.][[group]''


In copy-out and copy-pass modes, set the ownership of all
files created to the specified user and/or group. Either the
user or the group, or both, must be present. If the group is
omitted but the


''--rsh-command=COMMAND''


Notifies __mt__ that it should use COMMAND to communicate
with remote devices instead of ''/usr/bin/ssh'',
''/usr/bin/rsh'', or the command specified by the
environment variable __MT_RSH__.


''--sparse''


In copy-in and copy-pass modes, write files with large
blocks of zeros as sparse files.


''-s, --swap-bytes''


In copy-in mode, swap the bytes of each halfword (pair of
bytes) in the files.


''-S, --swap-halfwords''


In copy-in mode, swap the halfwords of each word (4 bytes)
in the files.


''-t, --list''


Print a table of contents of the input.


''-u, --unconditional''


Replace all files, without asking whether to replace
existing newer files with older files.


''-v, --verbose''


List the files processed, or with ''-t'', give an `ls -l'
style table of contents listing. In a verbose table of
contents of a ustar archive, user and group names in the
archive that do not exist on the local system are replaced
by the names that correspond locally to the numeric UID and
GID stored in the archive.


''-V --dot''


Print a


''--version''


Print the __cpio__ program version number and
exit.
----
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Last edited on Monday, June 3, 2002 6:50:02 pm by "perry"
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