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1 perry 1 CPIO
2 !!!CPIO
3 NAME
4 SYNOPSIS
5 DESCRIPTION
6 ----
7 !!NAME
8
9
10 cpio - copy files to and from archives
11 !!SYNOPSIS
12
13
14 __cpio__ {-o|--create} [[-0acvABLV] [[-C bytes] [[-H format]
15 [[-M message] [[-O [[[[user@]host:]archive] [[-F
16 [[[[user@]host:]archive] [[--file=[[[[user@]host:]archive]
17 [[--format=format] [[--message=message] [[--null]
18 [[--reset-access-time] [[--verbose] [[--dot] [[--append]
19 [[--block-size=blocks] [[--dereference] [[--io-size=bytes]
20 [[--quiet] [[--force-local] [[--rsh-command=command] [[--help]
21 [[--version] __
22
23
24 __cpio__ {-i|--extract} [[-bcdfmnrtsuvBSV] [[-C bytes] [[-E
25 file] [[-H format] [[-M message] [[-R [[user][[:.][[group]] [[-I
26 [[[[user@]host:]archive] [[-F [[[[user@]host:]archive]
27 [[--file=[[[[user@]host:]archive] [[--make-directories]
28 [[--nonmatching] [[--preserve-modification-time]
29 [[--numeric-uid-gid] [[--rename] [[-t|--list] [[--swap-bytes]
30 [[--swap] [[--dot] [[--unconditional] [[--verbose]
31 [[--block-size=blocks] [[--swap-halfwords] [[--io-size=bytes]
32 [[--pattern-file=file] [[--format=format]
33 [[--owner=[[user][[:.][[group]] [[--no-preserve-owner]
34 [[--message=message] [[--force-local]
35 [[--no-absolute-filenames] [[--sparse] [[--only-verify-crc]
36 [[--quiet] [[--rsh-command=command] [[--help] [[--version]
37 [[pattern...] [[__
38
39
40 __cpio__ {-p|--pass-through} [[-0adlmuvLV] [[-R
41 [[user][[:.][[group]] [[--null] [[--reset-access-time]
42 [[--make-directories] [[--link] [[--quiet]
43 [[--preserve-modification-time] [[--unconditional] [[--verbose]
44 [[--dot] [[--dereference] [[--owner=[[user][[:.][[group]]
45 [[--no-preserve-owner] [[--sparse] [[--help] [[--version]
46 destination-directory __
47 !!DESCRIPTION
48
49
50 This manual page documents the GNU version of __cpio__.
51 __cpio__ copies files into or out of a cpio or tar
52 archive, which is a file that contains other files plus
53 information about them, such as their file name, owner,
54 timestamps, and access permissions. The archive can be
55 another file on the disk, a magnetic tape, or a pipe.
56 __cpio__ has three operating modes.
57
58
59 In copy-out mode, __cpio__ copies files into an archive.
60 It reads a list of filenames, one per line, on the standard
61 input, and writes the archive onto the standard output. A
62 typical way to generate the list of filenames is with the
63 __find__ command; you should give __find__ the -depth
64 option to minimize problems with permissions on directories
65 that are unwritable or not searchable.
66
67
68 In copy-in mode, __cpio__ copies files out of an archive
69 or lists the archive contents. It reads the archive from the
70 standard input. Any non-option command line arguments are
71 shell globbing patterns; only files in the archive whose
72 names match one or more of those patterns are copied from
73 the archive. Unlike in the shell, an initial `.' in a
74 filename does match a wildcard at the start of a pattern,
75 and a `/' in a filename can match wildcards. If no patterns
76 are given, all files are extracted.
77
78
79 In copy-pass mode, __cpio__ copies files from one
80 directory tree to another, combining the copy-out and
81 copy-in steps without actually using an archive. It reads
82 the list of files to copy from the standard input; the
83 directory into which it will copy them is given as a
84 non-option argument.
85
86
87 __cpio__ supports the following archive formats: binary,
88 old ASCII, new ASCII, crc, HPUX binary, HPUX old ASCII, old
89 tar, and POSIX.1 tar. The binary format is obsolete because
90 it encodes information about the files in a way that is not
91 portable between different machine architectures. The old
92 ASCII format is portable between different machine
93 architectures, but should not be used on file systems with
94 more than 65536 i-nodes. The new ASCII format is portable
95 between different machine architectures and can be used on
96 any size file system, but is not supported by all versions
97 of __cpio__; currently, it is only supported by GNU and
98 Unix System V R4. The crc format is like the new ASCII
99 format, but also contains a checksum for each file which
100 __cpio__ calculates when creating an archive and verifies
101 when the file is extracted from the archive. The HPUX
102 formats are provided for compatibility with HPUX's cpio
103 which stores device files differently.
104
105
106 The tar format is provided for compatability with the
107 __tar__ program. It can not be used to archive files with
108 names longer than 100 characters, and can not be used to
109 archive
110 __
111
112
113 By default, __cpio__ creates binary format archives, for
114 compatibility with older __cpio__ programs. When
115 extracting from archives, __cpio__ automatically
116 recognizes which kind of archive it is reading and can read
117 archives created on machines with a different
118 byte-order.
119
120
121 Some of the options to __cpio__ apply only to certain
122 operating modes; see the SYNOPSIS section for a list of
123 which options are allowed in which modes.
124
125
126 __OPTIONS__
127
128
129 ''-0, --null''
130
131
132 In copy-out and copy-pass modes, read a list of filenames
133 terminated by a null character instead of a newline, so that
134 files whose names contain newlines can be archived. GNU
135 __find__ is one way to produce a list of null-terminated
136 filenames.
137
138
139 ''-a, --reset-access-time''
140
141
142 Reset the access times of files after reading them, so that
143 it does not look like they have just been read.
144
145
146 ''-A, --append''
147
148
149 Append to an existing archive. Only works in copy-out mode.
150 The archive must be a disk file specified with the ''-O''
151 or ''-F (--file)'' option.
152
153
154 ''-b, --swap''
155
156
157 In copy-in mode, swap both halfwords of words and bytes of
158 halfwords in the data. Equivalent to ''-sS''. Use this
159 option to convert 32-bit integers between big-endian and
160 little-endian machines.
161
162
163 ''-B''
164
165
166 Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes. Initially the block
167 size is 512 bytes.
168
169
170 ''--block-size=BLOCK-SIZE''
171
172
173 Set the I/O block size to BLOCK-SIZE * 512
174 bytes.
175
176
177 ''-c''
178
179
180 Use the old portable (ASCII) archive format.
181
182
183 ''-C IO-SIZE, --io-size=IO-SIZE''
184
185
186 Set the I/O block size to IO-SIZE bytes.
187
188
189 ''-d, --make-directories''
190
191
192 Create leading directories where needed.
193
194
195 ''-E FILE, --pattern-file=FILE''
196
197
198 In copy-in mode, read additional patterns specifying
199 filenames to extract or list from FILE. The lines of FILE
200 are treated as if they had been non-option arguments to
201 __cpio__.
202
203
204 ''-f, --nonmatching''
205
206
207 Only copy files that do not match any of the given
208 patterns.
209
210
211 ''-F, --file=archive''
212
213
214 Archive filename to use instead of standard input or output.
215 To use a tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a
216 filename that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be
217 preceded by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape
218 drive as that user, if you have permission to do so
219 (typically an entry in that user's `~/.rhosts'
220 file).
221
222
223 ''--force-local''
224
225
226 With ''-F'', ''-I'', or ''-O'', take the archive
227 file name to be a local file even if it contains a colon,
228 which would ordinarily indicate a remote host
229 name.
230
231
232 ''-H FORMAT, --format=FORMAT''
233
234
235 Use archive format FORMAT. The valid formats are listed
236 below; the same names are also recognized in all-caps. The
237 default in copy-in mode is to automatically detect the
238 archive format, and in copy-out mode is
239
240
241 bin
242
243
244 The obsolete binary format.
245
246
247 odc
248
249
250 The old (POSIX.1) portable format.
251
252
253 newc
254
255
256 The new (SVR4) portable format, which supports file systems
257 having more than 65536 i-nodes.
258
259
260 crc
261
262
263 The new (SVR4) portable format with a checksum
264 added.
265
266
267 tar
268
269
270 The old tar format.
271
272
273 ustar
274
275
276 The POSIX.1 tar format. Also recognizes GNU __tar__
277 archives, which are similar but not identical.
278
279
280 hpbin
281
282
283 The obsolete binary format used by HPUX's cpio (which stores
284 device files differently).
285
286
287 hpodc
288
289
290 The portable format used by HPUX's cpio (which stores device
291 files differently).
292
293
294 ''-i, --extract''
295
296
297 Run in copy-in mode.
298
299
300 ''-I archive''
301
302
303 Archive filename to use instead of standard input. To use a
304 tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a filename
305 that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be preceded
306 by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape drive as
307 that user, if you have permission to do so (typically an
308 entry in that user's `~/.rhosts' file).
309
310
311 ''-k''
312
313
314 Ignored; for compatibility with other versions of
315 __cpio__.
316
317
318 ''-l, --link''
319
320
321 Link files instead of copying them, when
322 possible.
323
324
325 ''-L, --dereference''
326
327
328 Dereference symbolic links (copy the files that they point
329 to instead of copying the links).
330
331
332 ''-m, --preserve-modification-time''
333
334
335 Retain previous file modification times when creating
336 files.
337
338
339 ''-M MESSAGE, --message=MESSAGE''
340
341
342 Print MESSAGE when the end of a volume of the backup media
343 (such as a tape or a floppy disk) is reached, to prompt the
344 user to insert a new volume. If MESSAGE contains the string
345
346
347 ''-n, --numeric-uid-gid''
348
349
350 In the verbose table of contents listing, show numeric UID
351 and GID instead of translating them into names. Also
352 extracts tar archives using the numeric UID and GID instead
353 of the user/group names. (__cpio__ archives are always
354 extracted using the numeric UID and GID.)
355
356
357 ''--no-absolute-filenames''
358
359
360 In copy-in mode, create all files relative to the current
361 directory, even if they have an absolute file name in the
362 archive.
363
364
365 ''--no-preserve-owner''
366
367
368 In copy-in mode and copy-pass mode, do not change the
369 ownership of the files; leave them owned by the user
370 extracting them. This is the default for non-root users, so
371 that users on System V don't inadvertantly give away
372 files.
373
374
375 ''-o, --create''
376
377
378 Run in copy-out mode.
379
380
381 ''-O archive''
382
383
384 Archive filename to use instead of standard output. To use a
385 tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a filename
386 that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be preceded
387 by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape drive as
388 that user, if you have permission to do so (typically an
389 entry in that user's `~/.rhosts' file).
390
391
392 ''--only-verify-crc''
393
394
395 When reading a CRC format archive in copy-in mode, only
396 verify the CRC's of each file in the archive, don't actually
397 extract the files.
398
399
400 ''-p, --pass-through''
401
402
403 Run in copy-pass mode.
404
405
406 ''--quiet''
407
408
409 Do not print the number of blocks copied.
410
411
412 ''-r, --rename''
413
414
415 Interactively rename files.
416
417
418 ''-R [[user][[:.][[group], --owner
419 [[user][[:.][[group]''
420
421
422 In copy-out and copy-pass modes, set the ownership of all
423 files created to the specified user and/or group. Either the
424 user or the group, or both, must be present. If the group is
425 omitted but the
426
427
428 ''--rsh-command=COMMAND''
429
430
431 Notifies __mt__ that it should use COMMAND to communicate
432 with remote devices instead of ''/usr/bin/ssh'',
433 ''/usr/bin/rsh'', or the command specified by the
434 environment variable __MT_RSH__.
435
436
437 ''--sparse''
438
439
440 In copy-in and copy-pass modes, write files with large
441 blocks of zeros as sparse files.
442
443
444 ''-s, --swap-bytes''
445
446
447 In copy-in mode, swap the bytes of each halfword (pair of
448 bytes) in the files.
449
450
451 ''-S, --swap-halfwords''
452
453
454 In copy-in mode, swap the halfwords of each word (4 bytes)
455 in the files.
456
457
458 ''-t, --list''
459
460
461 Print a table of contents of the input.
462
463
464 ''-u, --unconditional''
465
466
467 Replace all files, without asking whether to replace
468 existing newer files with older files.
469
470
471 ''-v, --verbose''
472
473
474 List the files processed, or with ''-t'', give an `ls -l'
475 style table of contents listing. In a verbose table of
476 contents of a ustar archive, user and group names in the
477 archive that do not exist on the local system are replaced
478 by the names that correspond locally to the numeric UID and
479 GID stored in the archive.
480
481
482 ''-V --dot''
483
484
485 Print a
486
487
488 ''--version''
489
490
491 Print the __cpio__ program version number and
492 exit.
493 ----
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