View Source: MeetingNotesMar2011 - Waikato Linux Users Group

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!!! Debian Packaging and System Administration in Ruby

This presentation was on March 7, 2011 at the [OSS building in Grafton Road|http://www.oss.co.nz/contacts]. First, we built packages. These packages were built on Ubuntu (Maverick) but the Debian process is probably similar.

The steps below for building a package from scratch is heavily based on Daniel Holbach's excellent tutorial videos. He has quite a few videos on ~YouTube that illustrate many aspects of packaging for Ubuntu. The first of these is here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKLabbXTqMc

__Checkinstall__

Here are the steps for wrapping up a source package into a Deb using Checkinstall.

<verbatim>

wget http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp/ntp_spool/ntp4/ntp-4.2/ntp-4.2.6p3.tar.gz
tar zxvf ntp-4.2.6p3.tar.gz
cd ntp-4.2.6p3
./configure
make

# stop!
# checkinstall will "make install"

# copy files you want distributed with the package
mkdir doc-pak
cp README INSTALL COPYING ChangeLog TODO doc-pak

# you can now add scripts to be run during install:
#
# preinstall-pak	Run BEFORE the package is INSTALLED
# postinstall-pak 	Run AFTER the package is INSTALLED
# preremove-pak   	Run BEFORE the package is REMOVED
# postremove-pak  	Run AFTER the package is REMOVED

sudo su
checkinstall

# Checkinstall will ask for a package description
# Change maintainer if you so desire

less ntp_4.2.6p3-1_i386.deb
dpkg -L ntp

# to remove: apt-get remove ntp
</verbatim>

__The Full Package__

These are the steps we followed to produce a complete Ubuntu package.

<verbatim>
Set up environment
------------------
apt-get install devscripts build-essential fakeroot debhelper gnupg pbuilder dh-make lzip

vi ~/.bashrc
#	export DEBEMAIL="leslie.viljoen@gmail.com"
#	export DEBFULLNAME="Leslie Viljoen"

source ~/.bashrc
export | grep DEB

gpg --gen-key   #use defaults, enter name, email, password
gpg --list-keys

# you can now upload your key on launchpad.net
# good idea: backup your key (Ubuntu One?) and remember password

vi ~/.pbuilderrc
#	COMPONENTS="main restricted universe multiverse"

sudo pbuilder create		#169 MB in /var/cache/pbuilder


Create package
--------------
# almost same process: watch Daniel's vids
# vids are slightly out of date

wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/ed/ed-1.5.tar.lz
tar xvf ed-1.5.tar.lz

# this archive name is very important...
# you must use underscore and .orig
# you must make a gzipped tar
tar czf ed_1.5.orig.tar.gz ed-1.5

cd ed-1.5
head COPYING
dh_make -s -c gpl3   #single package, gpl license
cd debian
rm *.ex *.EX docs info README.Debian README.source

vi changelog
#	version -> 1.5.1-0ubuntu1
#	maverick
#	Initial release (no bugs closed)
#	Repacked .tar.lz to .tar.gz, no other changes

vi control
#	section: editors
#	remove stuff
#	copy in Description from README

vi copyright     #critical!
#	downloaded: ftp://ftp.gnu.org
#	less authors
#	find . -name '*.c'|xargs grep Copyright

cd ..		#package directory (ed-1.5)
debuild -S -sa    #source only package, include orig src

# may change things and run debuild again
# man pages all over, millions of options
# produces:
#   	new source .tar.gz
#	.dsc file, tying .orig to new source .tar.gz
#	debuild used to make .diff, now see:
#	http://wiki.debian.org/Projects/DebSrc3.0
#

cd ..		#to where new .dsc file is
sudo pbuilder build ed_1.5-0ubuntu1.dsc
less /var/cache/pbuilder/result/ed_1.5-0ubuntu1_i386.deb

# depends has been created for us
# this is very simple, you have to add a lot more
# stuff to make a real package: mostly documentation
# you'll be communicating with upstream and ubuntu
# irc: #ubuntu-motu on freenode

</verbatim>

__Modifying a Package__

We did not show these steps in the presentation, but they can be followed to introduce a small change into an existing package.

<verbatim>

# make sure you have a source repos in /etc/apt/sources.list
grep deb-src /etc/apt/sources.list

apt-get source tango-icon-theme-extras
# the source has been extracted and ubuntu diff applied
# according to the dsc file

cd tango-icon-theme-extras-0.1.0
vi debian/control
#	update standards to 3.7.3
#	add Homepage field

# now document changes
dch -i

# to upload to Ubuntu, build source package
# because its a patch, do not force including of original source (-sa)
debuild -S

# to build binary for yourself
apt-get build-dep tango-icon-theme-extras
debuild

# to install
cd ..
sudo dpkg -i tango-icon-theme-extras_0.1.0-0ubuntu5_all.deb

# if dependencies were missing, apt can pull them in
# automatically and complete the installation:
sudo apt-get -f install

</verbatim>
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Last edited on Tuesday, March 8, 2011 8:41:14 pm by "LeslieViljoen"
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