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LeslieViljoen |
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!!! Debian Packaging and System Administration in Ruby |
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LeslieViljoen |
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This presentation was on March 7, 2011 at the [OSS building in Grafton Road|http://www.oss.co.nz/contacts]. First, we built packages. These packages were built on Ubuntu (Maverick) but the Debian process is probably similar. |
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LeslieViljoen |
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The steps below for building a package from scratch is heavily based on Daniel Holbach's excellent tutorial videos. He has quite a few videos on ~YouTube that illustrate many aspects of packaging for Ubuntu. The first of these is here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKLabbXTqMc |
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LeslieViljoen |
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__Checkinstall__ |
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Here are the steps for wrapping up a source package into a Deb using Checkinstall. |
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<verbatim> |
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wget http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp/ntp_spool/ntp4/ntp-4.2/ntp-4.2.6p3.tar.gz |
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tar zxvf ntp-4.2.6p3.tar.gz |
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cd ntp-4.2.6p3 |
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./configure |
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make |
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# stop! |
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# checkinstall will "make install" |
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# copy files you want distributed with the package |
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mkdir doc-pak |
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cp README INSTALL COPYING ChangeLog TODO doc-pak |
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# you can now add scripts to be run during install: |
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# |
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LeslieViljoen |
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# preinstall-pak Run BEFORE the package is INSTALLED |
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LeslieViljoen |
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# postinstall-pak Run AFTER the package is INSTALLED |
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# preremove-pak Run BEFORE the package is REMOVED |
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# postremove-pak Run AFTER the package is REMOVED |
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sudo su |
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checkinstall |
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# Checkinstall will ask for a package description |
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# Change maintainer if you so desire |
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less ntp_4.2.6p3-1_i386.deb |
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dpkg -L ntp |
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# to remove: apt-get remove ntp |
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</verbatim> |
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__The Full Package__ |
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These are the steps we followed to produce a complete Ubuntu package. |
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<verbatim> |
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Set up environment |
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------------------ |
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apt-get install devscripts build-essential fakeroot debhelper gnupg pbuilder dh-make lzip |
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vi ~/.bashrc |
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# export DEBEMAIL="leslie.viljoen@gmail.com" |
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# export DEBFULLNAME="Leslie Viljoen" |
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source ~/.bashrc |
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export | grep DEB |
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gpg --gen-key #use defaults, enter name, email, password |
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gpg --list-keys |
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# you can now upload your key on launchpad.net |
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# good idea: backup your key (Ubuntu One?) and remember password |
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vi ~/.pbuilderrc |
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# COMPONENTS="main restricted universe multiverse" |
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sudo pbuilder create #169 MB in /var/cache/pbuilder |
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Create package |
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-------------- |
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# almost same process: watch Daniel's vids |
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# vids are slightly out of date |
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wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/ed/ed-1.5.tar.lz |
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tar xvf ed-1.5.tar.lz |
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# this archive name is very important... |
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# you must use underscore and .orig |
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# you must make a gzipped tar |
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tar czf ed_1.5.orig.tar.gz ed-1.5 |
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cd ed-1.5 |
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head COPYING |
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dh_make -s -c gpl3 #single package, gpl license |
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cd debian |
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rm *.ex *.EX docs info README.Debian README.source |
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vi changelog |
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# version -> 1.5.1-0ubuntu1 |
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# maverick |
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# Initial release (no bugs closed) |
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# Repacked .tar.lz to .tar.gz, no other changes |
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vi control |
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# section: editors |
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# remove stuff |
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# copy in Description from README |
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vi copyright #critical! |
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# downloaded: ftp://ftp.gnu.org |
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# less authors |
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# find . -name '*.c'|xargs grep Copyright |
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cd .. #package directory (ed-1.5) |
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debuild -S -sa #source only package, include orig src |
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# may change things and run debuild again |
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# man pages all over, millions of options |
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# produces: |
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# new source .tar.gz |
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# .dsc file, tying .orig to new source .tar.gz |
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# debuild used to make .diff, now see: |
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# http://wiki.debian.org/Projects/DebSrc3.0 |
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# |
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cd .. #to where new .dsc file is |
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sudo pbuilder build ed_1.5-0ubuntu1.dsc |
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less /var/cache/pbuilder/result/ed_1.5-0ubuntu1_i386.deb |
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# depends has been created for us |
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# this is very simple, you have to add a lot more |
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# stuff to make a real package: mostly documentation |
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# you'll be communicating with upstream and ubuntu |
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# irc: #ubuntu-motu on freenode |
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</verbatim> |
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__Modifying a Package__ |
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We did not show these steps in the presentation, but they can be followed to introduce a small change into an existing package. |
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<verbatim> |
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# make sure you have a source repos in /etc/apt/sources.list |
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grep deb-src /etc/apt/sources.list |
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apt-get source tango-icon-theme-extras |
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# the source has been extracted and ubuntu diff applied |
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# according to the dsc file |
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cd tango-icon-theme-extras-0.1.0 |
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vi debian/control |
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# update standards to 3.7.3 |
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# add Homepage field |
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# now document changes |
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dch -i |
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# to upload to Ubuntu, build source package |
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# because its a patch, do not force including of original source (-sa) |
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debuild -S |
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# to build binary for yourself |
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apt-get build-dep tango-icon-theme-extras |
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debuild |
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# to install |
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cd .. |
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sudo dpkg -i tango-icon-theme-extras_0.1.0-0ubuntu5_all.deb |
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# if dependencies were missing, apt can pull them in |
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# automatically and complete the installation: |
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sudo apt-get -f install |
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</verbatim> |
