View Source: ISO - Waikato Linux Users Group

You are viewing an old revision of this page. View the current version.
[Acronym] for __I__nternational __S__tandards __O__rganisation.

Also often used as a synonym for [CDROM] image files, because they usually have an <tt>.iso</tt> extension, stemming from to the __ISO 9660__ standard which specifies the [CDROM] FileSystem.

Some well-known (and some less well-known but commonly encountered) [ISO] standards include:

__ISO 639__::
    Short names and two-letter codes for languages. Lists can be found [here|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639_codes].

__ISO 646__::
    A first attempt at internationalization of [ASCII] dating back to 1972. Specifies various tables which follow the [ASCII] mapping but replace a number of codepoints with accented characters. The list of replaced codepoints is 35 (0x23), 36 (0x24), 64 (0x40), 91-94 (0x5B-0x5E), 96 (0x60), 123-126 (0x7B-0x7E) (ie <tt>#</tt>, <tt>$</tt>, <tt>@</tt>, <tt>~[</tt>, <tt>\</tt>, <tt>]</tt>, <tt>^</tt>, <tt>`</tt>, <tt>{</tt>, <tt>|</tt>, <tt>}</tt> and <tt>~~</tt>). ISO 646 gained limited acceptance, but had obvious problems, and was later superseded by ISO 8859.

__ISO 3166__::
    Short names and two-letter codes for countries. Used among others for the 2 letter [ccTLD] names such as <tt>.nz</tt>, <tt>.uk</tt> or <tt>.de</tt>. You might be able to find the list on a [GNU/Linux] system in <tt>/usr/share/zoneinfo/iso3166.tab</tt>.

    There was a minor kerfuffle in 2004(?) when some [ISO] staffer proposed charging royalties to anyone using the 2-letter codes in their business, although those plans were quickly dropped following the predictable outcry.

__ISO 8859__::
    A list of 8-bit character encodings extending [ASCII] for various European alphabets.

    There are several ISO 8859 related ManPage~s; their wiki copies need some work, since there are duplicates...

    * iso-8859-1(7) / iso_8859-1(7) / iso_8859_1(7)
    * iso-8859-2(7) / iso_8859-2(7) / iso_8859_2(7)
    * iso-8859-7(7) / iso_8859-7(7) / iso_8859_7(7)
    * iso-8859-15(7) / iso_8859-15(7) / iso_8859_15(7)

__ISO 9001__::
    Quality management systems. Specifies procedures for standardizing business processes to achieve consistent quality.

    ''The important thing to remember about ISO9001 is that it's perfectly OK for an ISO9001 shop to fling completed motherboards frisbee style across the warehouse so that it hits the wall and lands in the pile for packaging/shipping as long as that is the written procedure.'' — AsSeenOnSlashdot

__ISO 9660__::
    The [CDROM] FileSystem. <tt>iso</tt> is also usually the extension used for CompactDisc images.

__ISO 10646__::
    Essentially [Unicode]. See [A short overview of ISO/IEC 10646 and Unicode | http://www.nada.kth.se/i18n/ucs/unicode-iso10646-oview.html], utf8(7) and UnicodeNotes for more information.

See also: TokyoDeclaration

----
CategoryStandards
37 pages link to ISO:
Version 17, saved on Monday, June 1, 2009 6:57:02 pm by LawrenceDoliveiro
Edit PageHistory Diff Info LikePages