Also often used as a synonym for [CDROM] image files, because they usually have an <tt>.iso</tt> extension, stemming from to the __ISO 9660__ standard which specifies the [CDROM] FileSystem. 

  

 Some well-known (and some less well-known but commonly encountered) [ISO] standards include: 

  

 __ISO 646__:: 

  A first attempt at internationalization of [ASCII] dating back to 1972. Specifies various tables which follow the [ASCII] mapping but replace a number of codepoints with accented characters. The list of replaced codepoints is 35 (0x23), 36 (0x24), 64 (0x40), 91-94 (0x5B-0x5E), 96 (0x60), 123-126 (0x7B-0x7E) (ie <tt>#</tt>, <tt>$</tt>, <tt>@</tt>, <tt>~[</tt>, <tt>\</tt>, <tt>]</tt>, <tt>^</tt>, <tt>`</tt>, <tt>{</tt>, <tt>|</tt>, <tt>}</tt> and <tt>~~</tt>). ISO 646 gained limited acceptance, but had obvious problems, and was later superseded by ISO 8859. 

  

 __ISO 3166__:: 

  Short names and two-letter codes for countries. Used among others for the 2 letter [ccTLD] names such as <tt>.nz</tt>, <tt>.uk</tt> or <tt>.de</tt>. You might be able to find the list on a [GNU/Linux] system in <tt>/usr/share/zoneinfo/iso3166.tab</tt>. 

  

  There was a minor kerfuffle in 2004(?) when some [ISO] staffer proposed charging royalties to anyone using the 2-letter codes in their business, although those plans were quickly dropped following the predictable outcry. 

  

 __ISO 8859__::