An Acronym for Formula Translator.
The very first high level ProgrammingLanguage ever invented. It was very limited in constructs, and the use of GOTO was very prevalent in Fortran programs. This prompted the hugely famous GOTO considered harmful article. The language has evolved over time, with current dialects supporting structured programming. To this day it is still the preferred language for number crunching applications on supercomputers, for which Fortran Compilers have been heavily optimized.
9 pages link to Fortran: